Catalytic reaction process
    1.
    发明授权
    Catalytic reaction process 失效
    催化反应过程

    公开(公告)号:US4578112A

    公开(公告)日:1986-03-25

    申请号:US490517

    申请日:1983-05-02

    摘要: Disclosed is a catalytic reaction process in which a substance in a liquid reaction system is catalytically reacted with a gaseous substance which is hardly soluble in the liquid reaction system in the presence of a solid catalyst of a non-electroconductive, hydrophobic polymeric material, a part of the surface of which is non-compatible with the liquid reaction system or with the liquid reaction system and a product formed by the catalytic reaction.According to this process, mild reaction conditions can be selected and adopted and separation or recovery of the catalyst can be remarkably facilitated. This catalytic reaction process can be applied to various liquid-gas reactions and can be applied especially advantageously to oxidation and reduction of organic substances and inorganic ions for disposal of waste waters and recovery of valuable substances.

    摘要翻译: 公开了一种催化反应方法,其中液体反应体系中的物质与难溶于液体反应体系的气态物质在非导电疏水聚合材料的固体催化剂存在下催化反应,部分 其表面与液体反应体系或液体反应体系和通过催化反应形成的产物不相容。 根据该方法,可以选择和采用温和的反应条件,并且可以显着地促进催化剂的分离或回收。 该催化反应方法可应用于各种液气反应,可有效应用于有机物和无机离子的氧化和还原,以处理废水和回收有价值的物质。

    Method for operating fuel cell
    4.
    发明授权
    Method for operating fuel cell 失效
    操作燃料电池的方法

    公开(公告)号:US4555452A

    公开(公告)日:1985-11-26

    申请号:US709132

    申请日:1985-03-07

    IPC分类号: H01M8/04

    摘要: In operating a fuel cell comprising an oxidizing agent chamber subject to supply of an oxidizing agent gas and a fuel chamber subjected to supply of a fuel gas, sintering of noble metal particles such as platinum black as an electrode catalyst can be prevented from sintering by connecting the fuel cell to an outside auxiliary load circuit and controlling the unit cell voltage to not more than 0.80 V at start or discontinuation to operate the fuel cell or during the operation of the fuel cell when an outside load becomes too low due to fluctuation of the outside load. The fuel cell performance can be improved thereby.

    摘要翻译: 在运行包含供给氧化剂气体的氧化剂室和经受供应燃料气体的燃料室的燃料电池的情况下,可以防止烧结贵金属颗粒如铂黑作为电极催化剂,通过连接 燃料电池到外部辅助负载电路,并且当起动或停止操作燃料电池时或者在外部负载由于波动引起的外部负载变得太低时在燃料电池的操作期间将单位电池电压控制在不大于0.80V 外部负荷。 因此可以提高燃料电池性能。

    Method and apparatus for converting sulfur dioxide in gas to sulfur
    8.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for converting sulfur dioxide in gas to sulfur 失效
    将气体中的二氧化硫转化为硫的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US4341753A

    公开(公告)日:1982-07-27

    申请号:US184759

    申请日:1980-09-08

    IPC分类号: C01B17/04

    摘要: There is provided a method for converting sulfur dioxide in an exhaust gas to sulfur, which comprises the reduction step of reducing sulfur dioxide in an exhaust gas containing water vapor to hydrogen sulfide in the presence of carbon, a part of the exhaust gas is caused to bypass the reduction step and the remainder of the exhaust gas is fed to the reduction step to convert sulfur dioxide in the exhaust gas to hydrogen sulfide; the gas from the reduction step is mixed with the exhaust gas bypassing the reduction step while controlling the amount of the bypassing exhaust gas so that the ratio of hydrogen sulfide to sulfur dioxide in the mixed gas is maintained at 2; the mixed gas is fed to the Claus reaction step; and the Claus reaction step of reacting hydrogen sulfide formed at the reduction step with sulfur dioxide to convert hydrogen sulfide to sulfur.

    摘要翻译: 提供了一种将废气中的二氧化硫转化为硫的方法,其包括在碳存在下将含有水蒸汽的废气中的二氧化硫还原为硫化氢的还原步骤,将一部分废气引起 旁路还原步骤,将剩余的废气送入还原步骤,将废气中的二氧化硫转化为硫化氢; 来自还原步骤的气体与绕过还原步骤的排气混合,同时控制旁路废气的量,使得混合气体中的硫化氢与二氧化硫的比例保持在2; 将混合气体送入Claus反应步骤; 和在还原步骤中形成的硫化氢与二氧化硫反应以将硫化氢转化为硫的Claus反应步骤。

    Process for desulfurizing combustion exhaust gases
    9.
    发明授权
    Process for desulfurizing combustion exhaust gases 失效
    燃烧废气脱硫工艺

    公开(公告)号:US4328195A

    公开(公告)日:1982-05-04

    申请号:US130388

    申请日:1980-03-14

    摘要: An improved process for desulfurizing combustion exhaust gases of mainly coal containing sulfur oxides, HF and dust containing Al is provided, which process consists of four steps; a first step of contacting the gases with calcium carbonate or hydroxide in the form of slurry to convert the sulfur oxides into CaSO.sub.3 ; a second step of contacting O.sub.2 with the resulting slurry to convert CaSO.sub.3 into CaSO.sub.4 ; a third step of separating CaSO.sub.4 and mother liquor from the resulting slurry; and a fourth step of preparing a slurry of calcium carbonate or hydroxide to be employed in the first step, from the mother liquor, the pHs of the slurry and the mother liquor in the first and fourth steps being adjusted to 5 or higher by adding alkali such as sodium carbonate.According to the present process, it is possible to prevent hindrance of HF and Al contained in dust to the reaction of SO.sub.2 -absorbent (CaCO.sub.3 or Ca[OH].sub.2) with SO.sub.2 gas, and thereby improve percentage desulfurization and also obtain a high quality gypsum.

    摘要翻译: 提供了一种改进的主要含硫硫氧化物,HF和含有Al的粉尘的燃烧废气脱硫方法,该方法由四个步骤组成: 将气体与浆料形式的碳酸钙或氢氧化物接触以将硫氧化物转化为CaSO 3的第一步骤; 使O 2与所得浆料接触以将CaSO 3转化为CaSO 4的第二步骤; 从所得浆料中分离出CaSO 4和母液的第三步骤; 以及在母液中制备第一步中使用的碳酸钙或氢氧化物浆料的第四步骤,通过加入碱将第一步骤和第四步骤中的浆料和母液的pH调节至5以上 如碳酸钠。 根据本方法,可以防止SO 2吸收剂(CaCO 3或Ca [OH] 2)与SO 2气体反应中灰尘中含有的HF和Al的阻碍,从而提高脱硫率并获得高质量 石膏