Gas diffusion electrode, method of producing same, membrane electrode assembly comprising same and method of producing membrane electrode assembly comprising same
    1.
    发明授权
    Gas diffusion electrode, method of producing same, membrane electrode assembly comprising same and method of producing membrane electrode assembly comprising same 有权
    气体扩散电极及其制造方法,包括该膜电极组件的膜电极组件及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US09105933B2

    公开(公告)日:2015-08-11

    申请号:US13704187

    申请日:2011-06-29

    摘要: A process for producing a gas diffusion electrode comprising the steps of: casting a porous electrically conductive web with a suspension of particles of an electrically conductive material in a solution of a first binder to provide a first layer which is an electrochemically active layer (AL); casting a suspension of particles of a hydrophobic material in a solution of a second binder on said first layer to provide a second layer; and subjecting said first and second layer to phase inversion thereby realizing porosity in both said first layer and said second layer, wherein said subjection of said second layer to phase inversion thereby realizes a water repellent layer; a gas diffusion electrode obtained therewith; the use of a gas diffusion electrode in an membrane electrode assembly; a membrane electrode assembly comprising the gas diffusion electrode; and a method of producing a membrane electrode assembly is realized, said membrane electrode assembly comprising a membrane sandwiched between two electrodes at least one of which is a gas diffusion electrode, wherein said method comprises the step of casting said membrane electrode assembly in a single pass.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于制备气体扩散电极的方法,包括以下步骤:在第一粘合剂的溶液中浇铸具有导电材料的颗粒悬浮液的多孔导电网,以提供作为电化学活性层(AL)的第一层, ; 将疏水材料的颗粒的悬浮液在第二粘合剂的溶液中浇铸在所述第一层上以提供第二层; 并且对所述第一层和第二层进行相位反转,从而在所述第一层和所述第二层中实现孔隙,其中所述第二层对相转化的实现是防水层; 由此获得的气体扩散电极; 在膜电极组件中使用气体扩散电极; 包括所述气体扩散电极的膜电极组件; 并且实现了膜电极组件的制造方法,所述膜电极组件包括夹在两个电极之间的膜,其中至少一个电极是气体扩散电极,其中所述方法包括以单次通过铸造所述膜电极组件的步骤 。

    Gas Diffusion Electrode, Method of Producing Same, Membrane Electrode Assembly Comprising Same and Method of Producing Membrane Electrode Assembly Comprising Same
    2.
    发明申请

    公开(公告)号:US20130101906A1

    公开(公告)日:2013-04-25

    申请号:US13704187

    申请日:2011-06-29

    摘要: A process for producing a gas diffusion electrode comprising the steps of: casting a porous electrically conductive web with a suspension of particles of an electrically conductive material in a solution of a first binder to provide a first layer which is an electrochemically active layer (AL); casting a suspension of particles of a hydrophobic material in a solution of a second binder on said first layer to provide a second layer; and subjecting said first and second layer to phase inversion thereby realising porosity in both said first layer and said second layer, wherein said subjection of said second layer to phase inversion thereby realises a water repellent layer; a gas diffusion electrode obtained therewith; the use of a gas diffusion electrode in an membrane electrode assembly; a membrane electrode assembly comprising the gas diffusion electrode; and a method of producing a membrane electrode assembly is realised, said membrane electrode assembly comprising a membrane sandwiched between two electrodes at least one of which is a gas diffusion electrode, wherein said method comprises the step of casting said membrane electrode assembly in a single pass.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于制备气体扩散电极的方法,包括以下步骤:在第一粘合剂的溶液中浇铸具有导电材料的颗粒悬浮液的多孔导电网,以提供作为电化学活性层(AL)的第一层, ; 将疏水材料的颗粒的悬浮液在第二粘合剂的溶液中浇铸在所述第一层上以提供第二层; 并且对所述第一层和第二层进行相位反转,从而在所述第一层和所述第二层中实现孔隙,其中所述第二层对相转化的实现是防水层; 由此获得的气体扩散电极; 在膜电极组件中使用气体扩散电极; 包括所述气体扩散电极的膜电极组件; 并且实现了膜电极组件的制造方法,所述膜电极组件包括夹在两个电极之间的膜,其中至少一个电极是气体扩散电极,其中所述方法包括以单次通过铸造所述膜电极组件的步骤 。

    Method for producing biodiesel using an immobilised catalyst
    3.
    发明授权
    Method for producing biodiesel using an immobilised catalyst 有权
    使用固定化催化剂生产生物柴油的方法

    公开(公告)号:US08067624B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-11-29

    申请号:US12374644

    申请日:2007-07-20

    IPC分类号: C11B3/00

    摘要: A method produces a fatty acid alkylester by transesterification of a fat or oil and an alcohol. The reaction is catalysed by a heterogeneous catalyst immobilized in a tubular reactor at a temperature between 260 and 420° C. and at a pressure higher than 5 bar. A mixture of the fat or oil and the alcohol is led in a continuous flow through the tubular reactor. The catalyst is preferably a metal oxide or a metal carbonate including an alkaline earth metal. The reaction takes place at reduced residence times and contact times compared to the prior art.

    摘要翻译: 一种方法是通过脂肪或油和醇的酯交换产生脂肪酸烷基酯。 该反应由固体在管式反应器中的多相催化剂在260-420℃的温度和高于5巴的压力下催化。 将脂肪或油和醇的混合物连续流过管状反应器。 催化剂优选为包含碱土金属的金属氧化物或金属碳酸盐。 反应发生在与现有技术相比减少的停留时间和接触时间。

    Membrane bags with seamless membrane substance, uses thereof, filtration units therewith and manufacturing processes
    4.
    发明授权
    Membrane bags with seamless membrane substance, uses thereof, filtration units therewith and manufacturing processes 有权
    具有无缝膜物质的膜袋,其用途,过滤单元及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US08038880B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-10-18

    申请号:US12121418

    申请日:2008-05-15

    IPC分类号: C02F3/00

    摘要: Disclosed are seamless membrane bags, for example, a membrane bag comprising a spacer fabric and a volume for permeate collection, the spacer fabric comprising a first part and a second part that are spaced apart and tied together at a predefined distance by monofilament thread and the first and second parts are at least partially embedded with membrane substance and the volume for permeate collection is interposed between the first and second parts. The membrane substance embeds portions of the monofilament thread and fills the spacer fabric along the border of the membrane bag. The membrane substance completely enclosing the volume is seamless. Also disclosed are processes for producing such bags, a filtration unit comprising such a membrane bag, and their uses in the separation of fluids, vapors and particles.

    摘要翻译: 公开了无缝膜袋,例如,包括间隔织物的膜袋和用于渗透物收集的体积,间隔织物包括第一部分和第二部分,第一部分和第二部分以预定距离被单丝螺纹连接在一起,并且 第一和第二部分至少部分地嵌入膜物质,并且用于渗透物收集的体积插入在第一和第二部分之间。 膜物质嵌入单丝线的一部分并沿着膜袋的边界填充间隔织物。 完全包裹体积的膜物质是无缝的。 还公开了用于生产这种袋子的方法,包括这种膜袋的过滤单元及其在分离流体,蒸气和颗粒中的用途。

    NOVEL METHOD FOR PRODUCING BIODIESEL USING AN IMMOBILISED CATALYST
    5.
    发明申请
    NOVEL METHOD FOR PRODUCING BIODIESEL USING AN IMMOBILISED CATALYST 有权
    使用固定化催化剂生产生物体的新方法

    公开(公告)号:US20100010247A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-01-14

    申请号:US12374644

    申请日:2007-07-20

    IPC分类号: C11B3/02

    摘要: A method produces a fatty acid alkylester by transesterification of a fat or oil and an alcohol. The reaction is catalysed by a heterogeneous catalyst immobilised in a tubular reactor at a temperature between 260 and 420° C. and at a pressure higher than 5 bar. A mixture of the fat or oil and the alcohol is led in a continuous flow through the tubular reactor. The catalyst is preferably a metal oxide or a metal carbonate including an alkaline earth metal. The reaction takes place at reduced residence times and contact times compared to the prior art.

    摘要翻译: 一种方法是通过脂肪或油和醇的酯交换产生脂肪酸烷基酯。 该反应由固体在管式反应器中的多相催化剂在260-420℃的温度和高于5巴的压力下催化。 将脂肪或油和醇的混合物连续流过管状反应器。 催化剂优选为包含碱土金属的金属氧化物或金属碳酸盐。 反应发生在与现有技术相比减少的停留时间和接触时间。

    Integrated permeate channel membrane
    8.
    发明授权
    Integrated permeate channel membrane 有权
    综合渗透通道膜

    公开(公告)号:US07862718B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-01-04

    申请号:US11659906

    申请日:2005-08-10

    IPC分类号: B01D63/08 B01D63/10 B01D61/00

    摘要: A membrane has a permeate channel including a 3D spacer fabric having an upper and a lower fabric surface (2,3) spaced apart by monofilament thread (4) at a predefined distance, the permeate channel being interposed between two membrane layers (12, 13), wherein the membrane layers are linked at a multitude of points with the upper and lower fabric surfaces to form an integral structure with a high bonding strength suitable for backflush operations. A method provides an integrated permeate channel membrane, including the steps of: —Providing a 3D spacer fabric having an upper and lower surface fabric (2,3) spaced apart by monofilament thread (4) at a predefined distance; and—Applying a membrane layer to both the upper and the lower surface fabric.

    摘要翻译: 膜具有包括3D间隔织物的渗透通道,所述3D间隔织物具有以预定距离由单丝螺纹(4)隔开的上和下织物表面(2,3),所述渗透通道插入在两个膜层(12,13 ),其中膜层在上下织物表面的多个点处连接以形成具有适合于反吹操作的高粘合强度的整体结构。 一种方法提供了一种综合的渗透通道膜,包括以下步骤: - 提供具有预定距离的由单丝螺纹(4)隔开的上表面织物和下表面织物(2,3)的3D间隔织物; 和 - 向上表面和下表面织物施加膜层。