Abstract:
A belt unit is detachably attached to a housing. A holder changes a state of an endless belt by moving a transfer roller between a first state as an endless belt movement state and a second state as a detachment state. The first state allows the endless belt to circulate for image formation, and the second state allows the belt unit to be detached from the housing. The holder moves the transfer roller adjacent supporter independently of the transfer roller and lifts the opening in the endless belt to a prescribed position to expose it to the front side plate.
Abstract:
A method of controlling a NAND-type flash memory provided with a latch circuit in which data is temporarily stored has measuring a first consumption current of the latch circuit in a first state in which the latch circuit is caused to retain first logic; measuring a second consumption current of the latch circuit in a second state in which the latch circuit is caused to retain second logic obtained by inverting the first logic; and comparing the first consumption current and the second consumption current to cause the latch circuit to retain logic corresponding to the state corresponding to a smaller one of the first consumption current and the second consumption current.
Abstract:
A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to an embodiment includes: a memory cell array including a plurality of memory cells to store N-value data (N being an integer equal to or larger than 3); and a writing circuit configured to repeatedly execute a writing cycle on a plurality of memory cells until data writing is finished. The writing circuit divides the pulse width of the writing pulse into a plurality of sections to change the pulse height among the sections such that the respective sections provide writing voltages for writing different target threshold levels, and brings the bit line connected to the memory cell to be written with any of the target threshold levels into a selected state synchronously to the section for applying the writing voltage for writing that target threshold level.
Abstract:
An image forming apparatus includes a receiver to receive image information from an external device, a movable intermediate transfer member, a plurality of latent image bearing members on which a latent image is formed based on the image information, a plurality of developing devices, each of which disposed in proximity to the latent image baring member, to develop the latent image on the latent image bearing member with toner to form a toner image thereon, a transfer bias application mechanism to apply a transfer bias to the intermediate transfer member and halt temporarily and periodically application of the transfer bias in a continuous output mode in which a plurality of images are continuously formed on different recording media sheets based on the image information of the plurality of images received continuously by the receiver, and a secondary transfer member to transfer the superimposed toner image onto a recording medium.
Abstract:
A voltage generating circuit generates, at a time of write, a first voltage which is higher than a program voltage, and generates an erase voltage at a time of erase. A first transistor has a current path and a gate, and the first voltage generated by the voltage generating circuit is supplied to one end of the current path and the gate of the first transistor. The first transistor outputs the program voltage from the other end of the current path thereof. A driving transistor has one end of a current path thereof connected to a word line, and has a gate supplied with the first voltage. The driving transistor has the other end of the current path supplied with the program voltage. Stress applying portion applies the erase voltage to the other end of the current path of the first transistor at the time of erase.
Abstract:
A NAND nonvolatile semiconductor memory includes a plurality of series-connected memory cells each includes a charge storage layer and control gate electrode, a plurality of word lines respectively connected to control gate electrodes of the memory cells, a first selection transistor connected between one end of the memory cells and a source line, a second selection transistor connected between the other end of the memory cells and a bit line, and a driver configured to control voltages applied to the word lines. The driver applies a first voltage to a first word line connected to a selected memory cell, and applies a cutoff voltage that cuts off a channel of a memory cell to second word lines of a number not less than three arranged side by side on the source line side with respect to the first word line during a write operation.
Abstract:
A NAND flash memory in which data is erased in blocks, has a plurality of memory cell transistors provided in each of the blocks, the memory cell transistor having a floating gate which is formed via a first gate insulating film on a well formed on a semiconductor substrate and a control gate which is formed on the floating gate via a second gate insulating film, and being capable of rewriting data by controlling an amount of charge accumulated on the floating gate; and a row decoder having a plurality of n-type transfer MOS transistors having drains respectively connected to word lines respectively connected to the control gates of the plurality of memory cell transistors, the row decoder controlling gate voltages and source voltages of the transfer MOS transistors.
Abstract:
A method of controlling a NAND-type flash memory provided with a latch circuit in which data is temporarily stored has measuring a first consumption current of the latch circuit in a first state in which the latch circuit is caused to retain first logic; measuring a second consumption current of the latch circuit in a second state in which the latch circuit is caused to retain second logic obtained by inverting the first logic; and comparing the first consumption current and the second consumption current to cause the latch circuit to retain logic corresponding to the state corresponding to a smaller one of the first consumption current and the second consumption current.
Abstract:
A rotation control motor comprises a shaft, an armature having an armature core of which teeth are wound by wires to form coils, a commutator, and a field magnet. The armature core has a plurality of teeth, the commutator has a plurality of commutator segments corresponding to the number of teeth, and the coils comprise a normal coil and a brake coil. When the motor rotates faster than expected, the brake coil brakes the motor by magnetic flux, and the motor can rotate within a stable speed range.
Abstract:
A motor comprises a yoke as casing, a shaft extending along a center of the yoke, an annular stator fixed to the yoke and an armature fixed to the shaft to rotate with the shaft inside the stator. The armature comprises a plurality of teeth on the outer circumferential surface. A wire is wound on any of the teeth to form a normal coil. Another wire is wound on another of the teeth to form a brake coil that is a short circuit. When the motor rotates much faster, the brake coil produces magnetic flux which acts as load against the rotation of the motor to allow the motor to rotate slower.