摘要:
Error bursts are randomized by an interleaver which makes use of “set leaders” to generate permutation indices. The permutation indices are used to route bits from initial positions in an input bit stream to re-arranged or randomized positions in an output bit stream. When the output bit stream is then transmitted and subsequently received by a de-interleaver which returns the received bits to their initial, pre-randomized positions, the resulting received signal has an acceptable bit error rate.
摘要:
Error bursts are randomized by an interleaver which makes use of “set leaders” to generate permutation indices. The permutation indices are used to route bits from initial positions in an input bit stream to re-arranged or randomized positions in an output bit stream. When the output bit stream is then transmitted and subsequently received by a de-interleaver which returns the received bits to their initial, pre-randomized positions, the resulting received signal has an acceptable bit error rate.
摘要:
“Reliability-related” values are assigned to received signal samples containing noise and distortion. The samples are then sent to a Viterbi decoder in order to regenerate originally transmitted messages.
摘要:
Error bursts are randomized by an interleaver which makes use of “set leaders” to generate permutation indices. The permutation indices are used to route bits from initial positions in an input bit stream to re-arranged or randomized positions in an output bit stream. When the output bit stream is then transmitted and subsequently received by a de-interleaver which returns the received bits to their initial, pre-randomized positions, the resulting received signal has an acceptable bit error rate.
摘要:
Error bursts are randomized by an interleaver which makes use of “set leaders” to generate permutation indices. The permutation indices are used to route bits from initial positions in an input bit stream to re-arranged or randomized positions in an output bit stream. When the output bit stream is then transmitted and subsequently received by a de-interleaver which returns the received bits to their initial, pre-randomized positions, the resulting received signal has an acceptable bit error rate.
摘要:
“Reliability-related” values are assigned to received signal samples containing noise and distortion. The samples are then sent to a Viterbi decoder in order to regenerate originally transmitted messages.
摘要:
Frame synchronization of a received OFDM signal (such as that used in a hybrid FM DAB system) is provided by filtering out significant outer frequency portions of the digital channels, and then using cyclic extension and correlation of the cyclically extended bits (or samples). The received OFDM signal is passed through a bandpass filter to remove outer digital subcarriers (i.e., those farthest from a center frequency) from a received OFDM signal before correlating to locate the OFDM frame boundaries. By filtering out digital subcarriers within each of the digital channels, particularly those closest to adjacent channels and thus most likely to be interfered with by an adjacent first channel OFDM (or FM) signal, correlation between cyclically extended bit (or sample) patterns and thus frame synchronization of OFDM signals can be improved significantly.
摘要:
A connection admission control mechanism for packet, circuit, or hybrid packet and circuit networks whereby the signaling message (i.e., “query”) delay in a control channel of a network switch is maintained (i.e., “locked”) in a timed control interval at a desired level using feedback parameters relating to an estimated current amount of delay in the packet network switch during one or more previous timed control intervals, to guarantee or closely achieve a desired signaling message or query delay performance. The processing delay of the network is bound or “locked” at a desired delay performance level based on substantially real-time estimation or measurement of the current signaling message delays of queries or call control packet streams during one or more previous control intervals. Thus, connection processing is robust against variations in traffic intensity and/or processing capabilities of the switch, and a single QoS measure or specification can be applied to the network switch. Because of the resemblance to a phase locked loop (PLL) in hardware timing acquisition techniques, the technique is referred to herein as Delay-Locked Admission Control (DLAC). The control intervals may be adjusted based on the particular application. During each control interval, a predetermined maximum number of new queries are allowed into the processing fabric of the switch. In one embodiment, the maximum number of allowed during any one control interval is initialized at start-up to a desired value, e.g., to 1, to a randomly chosen integer, or chosen according to queuing theory estimates for the particular application and/or based on current conditions.
摘要:
Technology to adaptively sectorize a spatial region for parallel multi-user transmissions is disclosed. In an example, a node (e.g., evolved Node B (eNB)) can include computer circuitry configured to: Generate a set of precoding matrices for a set of beam cones in the spatial region; and generate a beam cone for multi-user beamforming transmissions using system information for the beam cone. A precoding matrix in the set of precoding matrices can be used for each beam cone, and each beam cone can cover a beam cone spatial region that differs from another beam cone spatial region of another beam cone in the spatial region. Each beam cone can include system information that differs from the system information of the other beam cones in the spatial region.
摘要:
Film bulk acoustic resonators (FBARS) have resonant frequencies that vary with manufacturing variations, but tend to be matched when in proximity on an integrated circuit die. FBAR resonant frequency is determined using a fractional-N synthesizer and comparing phase/frequency of an output signal from the fractional-N synthesizer to a reference. The reference may be derived from a low frequency crystal oscillator, an external signal source, or a communications signal.