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    Context Sensitive Dynamic Authentication in A Cryptographic System
    1.
    发明申请
    Context Sensitive Dynamic Authentication in A Cryptographic System 有权
    加密系统中的上下文敏感动态认证

    公开(公告)号：US20110004933A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-01-06

    申请号：US12878317

    申请日：2010-09-09

    申请人： Alexander G. Dickinson ,  Brian Berger ,  Robert T. Dobson, JR.

    发明人： Alexander G. Dickinson ,  Brian Berger ,  Robert T. Dobson, JR.

    IPC分类号： G06F21/00

    CPC分类号： H04L63/08 ,  G06Q20/4014 ,  G06Q20/4016 ,  H04L9/3226 ,  H04L9/3297 ,  H04L63/0428 ,  H04L63/10 ,  H04L2209/56 ,  H04L2209/805 ,  H04L2463/082

    摘要： A system for performing authentication of a first user to a second user includes the ability for the first user to submit multiple instances of authentication data which are evaluated and then used to generate an overall level of confidence in the claimed identity of the first user. The individual authentication instances are evaluated based upon: the degree of match between the user provided by the first user during the authentication and the data provided by the first user during his enrollment; the inherent reliability of the authentication technique being used; the circumstances surrounding the generation of the authentication data by the first user; and the circumstances surrounding the generation of the enrollment data by the first user. This confidence level is compared with a required trust level which is based at least in part upon the requirements of the second user, and the authentication result is based upon this comparison.

    摘要翻译： 用于向第二用户执行第一用户的认证的系统包括第一用户提交认证数据的多个实例的能力，所述多个认证数据实例被评估，然后用于在所要求保护的第一用户的身份中产生整体的置信水平。 基于以下方式来评估各个认证实例：第一用户在认证期间提供的用户与第一用户在注册过程中提供的数据之间的匹配程度; 使用认证技术的固有可靠性; 围绕由第一用户生成认证数据的环境; 以及由第一用户生成注册数据的情况。 该置信水平与至少部分地基于第二用户的要求的所需信任级别进行比较，并且认证结果基于该比较。

    Relief object sensor adaptor
    2.
    发明授权
    Relief object sensor adaptor 失效
    救生物体传感器适配器

    公开(公告)号：US06804382B1

    公开(公告)日：2004-10-12

    申请号：US10463085

    申请日：2003-06-16

    申请人： Alexander G. Dickinson ,  Brian Berger ,  Andrew Cole

    发明人： Alexander G. Dickinson ,  Brian Berger ,  Andrew Cole

    IPC分类号： G06K900

    CPC分类号： G06K9/0004 ,  G06F21/32 ,  G06K9/00013 ,  G06K19/0718 ,  G06K19/077

    摘要： An interface card includes a housing sized for reception by a host system, for example, a laptop computer. A sensor is movably connected to the housing and has a first position in which the sensor receives a relief object and generates an electronic representation of the relief object, and a second position in which the sensor is inactive. An interface module is coupled to the sensor and configured to provide for communications between the interface card and the host system.

    摘要翻译： 接口卡包括尺寸适于由主机系统（例如膝上型计算机）接收的外壳。 传感器可移动地连接到壳体并且具有第一位置，传感器接收浮雕物体并产生浮雕物体的电子表示，第二位置中传感器处于非活动状态。 接口模块耦合到传感器并且被配置为提供接口卡和主机系统之间的通信。

    Method and system for computer access and cursor control using a relief object image generator
    3.
    发明授权
    Method and system for computer access and cursor control using a relief object image generator 失效
    使用浮雕物体图像发生器的计算机访问和光标控制的方法和系统

    公开(公告)号：US06501846B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-12-31

    申请号：US09066625

    申请日：1998-04-24

    申请人： Alexander G. Dickinson ,  Andrew Cole ,  John A. McMorris, III ,  Shahin Hadjiabadi ,  Fredric F. Derwitsch ,  Paul F. Vachris ,  Steven J. Marteney ,  Ronald S. Smith ,  Gregory A. Mullins

    发明人： Alexander G. Dickinson ,  Andrew Cole ,  John A. McMorris, III ,  Shahin Hadjiabadi ,  Fredric F. Derwitsch ,  Paul F. Vachris ,  Steven J. Marteney ,  Ronald S. Smith ,  Gregory A. Mullins

    IPC分类号： G06K900

    CPC分类号： G06F3/042 ,  G06F3/021 ,  G06F3/0213 ,  G06F3/03547 ,  G06F3/0425 ,  G06F21/32 ,  G06F2203/04109 ,  G06K9/0004

    摘要： A system and method for using a relief object image generator for cursor control, computer access control, and operational parameter control is disclosed. The system includes a relief object image generator, a sensor array, an image processor, and a memory. The relief object image generator generates images of relief objects, such as fingerprints, brought in proximity of the exposed surface of the image generator. The image processor receives the image from the sensor array, processes the image, and compares the resulting descriptive information to stored information corresponding to authorized users. If a match is found, the user is granted access to the computer. The image processor may also process the image to determine image movement or the image's presence or absence. Detected movement is used to generate directional signals while the presence and abserice of the image is used to generate highlight and select signals. These signals conform to those generated by known mouse devices so the system of the present invention can replace a position variable device in the keyboard of a laptop or other portable computer without sacrificing functionality for the system. Other uses of the system disclosed herein include control of operational parameters for a device such as brightness and contrast for a monitor and the transmission of relief object images to remote sites for authentication of a user.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于使用浮雕物体图像发生器进行光标控制，计算机访问控制和操作参数控制的系统和方法。 该系统包括浮雕物体图像发生器，传感器阵列，图像处理器和存储器。 浮雕物体图像发生器产生诸如指纹的浮雕物体的图像，其被附接到图像发生器的暴露表面附近。 图像处理器从传感器阵列接收图像，处理图像，并将生成的描述信息与对应于授权用户的存储信息进行比较。 如果找到匹配，则授予用户访问计算机的权限。 图像处理器还可以处理图像以确定图像移动或图像的存在或不存在。 检测到的移动用于生成方向信号，同时使用图像的存在和映射来生成高光和选择信号。 这些信号符合已知的鼠标装置产生的信号，所以本发明的系统可以替代笔记本电脑或其他便携式计算机的键盘中的位置可变装置，而不牺牲系统的功能。 本文公开的系统的其他用途包括控制诸如监视器的亮度和对比度的装置的操作参数，以及将浮雕对象图像传输到用于认证用户的远程站点。

    Active pixel sensor and imaging system having differential mode
    4.
    发明授权
    Active pixel sensor and imaging system having differential mode 失效
    有源像素传感器和具有差分模式的成像系统

    公开(公告)号：US5631704A

    公开(公告)日：1997-05-20

    申请号：US323203

    申请日：1994-10-14

    申请人： Alexander G. Dickinson ,  El-Sayed I. Eid ,  David A. Inglis

    发明人： Alexander G. Dickinson ,  El-Sayed I. Eid ,  David A. Inglis

    IPC分类号： H01L27/148 ,  H04N5/335

    CPC分类号： H04N3/155

    摘要： An active pixel imaging system and method to generate an differential output signal consisting of the differences in a viewed image between adjacent detected flames. A buffered electrical charge storage capacity of the active pixel sensor is utilized to provide a system with reduced complexity and hardware requirements. In the imaging system, when a particular active pixel sensor is activated it generates a voltage signal corresponding to a previous frame's detect light intensity before the pixel is reset to generate a voltage signal corresponding to a present frame's detected light intensity. A differential output circuit is used to generate a differential output signal based on these two generated voltage signals.

    摘要翻译： 一种有源像素成像系统和方法，用于产生由相邻检测到的火焰之间的观看图像中的差异组成的差分输出信号。 利用有源像素传感器的缓冲电荷存储容量来提供具有降低的复杂度和硬件要求的系统。 在成像系统中，当特定有源像素传感器被激活时，其在像素被复位之前产生对应于先前帧的检测光强度的电压信号，以产生对应于当前帧的检测到的光强度的电压信号。 差分输出电路用于基于这两个产生的电压信号产生差分输出信号。

    Adiabatic logic
    5.
    发明授权
    Adiabatic logic 失效
    绝热逻辑

    公开(公告)号：US5521538A

    公开(公告)日：1996-05-28

    申请号：US413658

    申请日：1995-03-30

    申请人： Alexander G. Dickinson

    发明人： Alexander G. Dickinson

    IPC分类号： H03K19/20 ,  H03K19/00 ,  H03K19/096

    CPC分类号： H03K19/0019

    摘要： Clocked low power logic circuitry with static inputs and outputs is adiabatically operated. A variety of logical functions is achieved without complex circuitry or unusually configured devices. This logic circuitry can be configured to perform a variety of logical and storage functions.

    摘要翻译： 具有静态输入和输出的时钟低功耗逻辑电路绝热操作。 在没有复杂电路或异常配置的设备的情况下，实现了各种逻辑功能。 该逻辑电路可以被配置为执行各种逻辑和存储功能。

    Adiabatic dynamic logic
    6.
    发明授权
    Adiabatic dynamic logic 失效
    绝热动态逻辑

    公开(公告)号：US5473269A

    公开(公告)日：1995-12-05

    申请号：US334296

    申请日：1994-11-04

    申请人： Alexander G. Dickinson

    发明人： Alexander G. Dickinson

    IPC分类号： H03K19/00 ,  H03K19/096

    CPC分类号： H03K19/0019 ,  H03K19/096

    摘要： A novel family of adiabatic dynamic logic gates can have power*delay products at least an order of magnitude or more below that which was possible in previous families of logic gates. No complex circuitry or unusually configured devices are needed to implement this logic family. In particular, this logic family requires fewer devices and less area per logic gate as compared with ordinary CMOS logic circuitry. This is unlike previous reversible logic proposals which required large numbers of transistors per gate. This logic circuitry can operate from very low supply voltages and need not be optimized for a particular voltage. This logic does not suffer from crowbar currents usually found in prior circuitry such as CMOS logic. Logic levels are regenerated at nearly every stage unlike some previous schemes which reduce energy dissipation only by sacrificing logic levels. At each stage in a calculation, this logic recovers a substantial amount of the energy used to perform the calculation and returns it to the power supply.

    摘要翻译： 绝热动态逻辑门的一个新家庭可以具有至少一个数量级或更多的功率*延迟乘积，低于之前的逻辑门系列中可能的。 不需要复杂的电路或异常配置的器件来实现该逻辑系列。 特别地，与普通CMOS逻辑电路相比，该逻辑系列需要更少的器件和更小的每个逻辑门的面积。 这与以前的每个门要求大量晶体管的可逆逻辑建议不同。 该逻辑电路可以从非常低的电源电压工作，并且不需要针对特定​​电压进行优化。 该逻辑不会遭受通常在诸如CMOS逻辑的现有电路中发现的撬棒电流。 逻辑电平几乎在每个阶段都被重新生成，而不像以前的方案那样，只有牺牲逻辑电平才能降低能耗。 在计算的每个阶段，该逻辑恢复用于执行计算的大量能量并将其返回给电源。

    Adiabatic dynamic logic
    7.
    发明授权
    Adiabatic dynamic logic 失效

    公开(公告)号：US5459414A

    公开(公告)日：1995-10-17

    申请号：US69926

    申请日：1993-05-28

    申请人： Alexander G. Dickinson

    发明人： Alexander G. Dickinson

    IPC分类号： H03K19/00 ,  H03K19/096 ,  H03K17/16

    CPC分类号： H03K19/0019 ,  H03K19/096

    摘要： A novel family of adiabatic dynamic logic gates can have power*delay products at least an order of magnitude or more below that which was possible in previous families of logic gates. No complex circuitry or unusually configured devices are needed to implement this logic family. In particular, this logic family requires fewer devices and less area per logic gate as compared with ordinary CMOS logic circuitry. This is unlike previous reversible logic proposals which required large numbers of transistors per gate. This logic circuitry can operate from very low supply voltages and need not be optimized for a particular voltage. This logic does not suffer from crowbar currents usually found in prior circuitry such as CMOS logic. Logic levels are regenerated at nearly every stage unlike some previous schemes which reduce energy dissipation only by sacrificing logic levels. At each stage in a calculation, this logic recovers a substantial amount of the energy used to perform the calculation and returns it to the power supply.

    Capacitive fingerprint sensor with adjustable gain
    10.
    发明授权
    Capacitive fingerprint sensor with adjustable gain 失效
    具有可调增益的电容式指纹传感器

    公开(公告)号：US06538456B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-03-25

    申请号：US09481129

    申请日：2000-01-11

    申请人： Alexander G. Dickinson ,  Ross McPherson ,  Sunetra Mendis ,  Paul C. Ross

    发明人： Alexander G. Dickinson ,  Ross McPherson ,  Sunetra Mendis ,  Paul C. Ross

    IPC分类号： G01R2726

    CPC分类号： G06F3/044 ,  G01B7/004 ,  G01B7/34 ,  G06F3/041 ,  G06K9/0002 ,  G07C9/00158

    摘要： The present invention relates to a fingerprint sensing device comprising a planar array of closely-spaced capacitive sense elements. When a finger is placed in close proximity to the sensing device, the capacitive sense elements measure a capacitance between the finger and a single capacitor plate in each sense element. This is accomplished by precharging each capacitor plate, and then using a known current source to remove a fixed amount of charge from each capacitor plate. The measured capacitance varies as a function of the distance between the capacitor plate and the finger surface. Thus, a capacitance measurement allows the distance between the capacitor plate and the finger surface to be determined. Distance measurements across the array of sense elements are combined to produce a representation of the pattern of ridges on the finger surface which comprise a fingerprint. After a fingerprint is acquired, the quality of the fingerprint is evaluated, and if necessary, a gain parameter for the sense elements is iteratively adjusted until a satisfactory fingerprint is acquired.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种指纹感测装置，其包括紧密间隔的电容式感测元件的平面阵列。 当手指放置在靠近感测装置时，电容感测元件测量手指与每个感测元件中的单个电容器板之间的电容。 这通过对每个电容器板进行预充电，然后使用已知的电流源来从每个电容器板去除固定量的电荷来实现。 所测量的电容随电容器板和手指表面之间的距离而变化。 因此，电容测量允许确定电容器板与手指表面之间的距离。 整个感测元件阵列之间的距离测量被组合以产生包括指纹的手指表面上的脊的图案的表示。 在获取指纹之后，评估指纹的质量，如果需要，迭代地调整感测元件的增益参数，直到获取令人满意的指纹。