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1.发明授权Apparatus and method for time multiplexing a resource among a plurality of entities 失效用于在多个实体之间对资源进行时间复用的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5272697A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-21
申请号：US484153
申请日：1990-02-23
CPC分类号： H04L12/5602 , H04L2012/5679
摘要： Apparatus and methods for time multiplexing a resource among a plurality of entities at average rates and with deterministic delays between accesses to the resource by an entity. An entity accessing the resource receives a time slot on the resource; a fixed number of time slots constitute a frame. Each entity receives a fixed allocation of time slots in the frame. When an entity has work for the resource to do, it receives access to the resource for a number of slots in each frame equal to the lesser of the number of slots required to do the work and the number of slots in the allocation. A rate-controlled server is disclosed which defines a frame and allocations therein, as well as a hierarchy of servers which combines rate-controlled traffic with best effort traffic. In the hierarchy, a rate-controlled server activates a round-robin server when the entities served by the rate-controlled server do not require all the slots in a frame. A hierarchy of rate-controlled servers is further disclosed which permits access to the resource at widely-differing average rates. In that hierarchy, a number of slots in the frame for a given member of the hierarchy are reserved for the next member down of the hierarchy and the next member down is active only during those slots. Further disclosed are nodes of ISDN networks employing ATM which incorporate the servers and hierarchies thereof.
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公开(公告)号：US4787082A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-22
申请号：US890262
申请日：1986-07-24
摘要： In a local data distribution network configuration a plurality of bidirectional data distribution busses are each connected to a bus master control circuit at a terminal end of the bus. Connected to each of the data distribution busses are a plurality of passive outlets to which intelligent connectors or stations may be connected. Each station has a unique address and is utilized for individually coupling data processing devices to the bus. Grouped pluralities of the bus master control circuits are included within a bus termination hub facility. Data from any of the bus master control circuits may be transferred by the bus termination hub via a data trunk as part of a star type configuration, to a central switching circuit such as a virtual circuit switch. Direction of data flow on each of the bidirectional busses and periodic temporary synchronization of the stations is controlled in response to signals transmitted to the bus by the bus master control circuitry associated with that bus. A bus termination hub switching facility cooperates with the included group of bus master control circuits to interconnect data processing stations on the various busses with the virtual circuit switch via the trunk line and with each other.The bus termination hub facility further includes bus monitoring, status polling and maintenance facilities. A faulty bus will be disconnected if a fault is discovered during monitoring intervals. It will remain disconnected until the fault is corrected.
摘要翻译： 在本地数据分配网络配置中，多个双向数据分配总线各自连接到总线终端处的总线主控制电路。 连接到每个数据分发总线的是多个可以连接智能连接器或站的被动出口。 每个站具有唯一的地址，并用于将数据处理设备单独耦合到总线。 总线主控制电路的分组多个被包括在总线终端集线器设备内。 来自任何总线主控制电路的数据可以由总线终端集线器经由作为星型配置的一部分的数据中继线传送到诸如虚拟电路交换机的中央交换电路。 响应于与总线相关联的总线主控制电路发送到总线的信号，来控制各个双向总线上的数据流的方向和站的周期性暂时同步。 总线终端集线器交换设备与所包括的总线主控制电路组合配合，以便通过主干线和彼此将各种总线上的数据处理站与虚拟电路交换机互连。 巴士终点枢纽设施还包括巴士监控，状态查询和维护设施。 如果在监控期间发现故障，故障总线将断开。 它将保持断开，直到故障得到纠正。
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公开(公告)号：US5329589A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-12
申请号：US71950
申请日：1993-06-03
IPC分类号： H04M3/00 , G06Q20/02 , G06Q20/04 , G06Q20/20 , G06Q20/40 , G07F7/08 , H04M3/42 , H04M11/00 , H04M17/02 , H04Q3/00 , H04M11/04 , G06F15/22
CPC分类号： G07F7/08 , G06Q20/02 , G06Q20/04 , G06Q20/206 , G06Q20/40 , G06Q20/4037 , H04M15/53 , H04M15/90 , H04M17/02 , H04M3/4228 , H04Q3/0029 , H04M2215/016 , H04M2215/0172 , H04Q2213/13515 , H04Q2213/13566
摘要： Methods and apparatus for employing a communications system with actively connects communicating entities to mediate transactions. Disclosed are general methods and apparatus for mediating transactions, methods and apparatus permitting information from one transaction to be used in other transactions, and methods and apparatus for performing credit card transactions in which the vendee need not disclose his credit card to the vendor. An implementation of a system for performing credit card transactions in a stored program-controlled telephone switching network is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 用于采用通信系统的方法和装置，其主动地连接通信实体以调解事务。 公开了用于中介交易的一般方法和装置，允许来自一个交易的信息用于其他交易的方法和装置，以及用于执行信用卡交易的方法和装置，其中所述买方不需要向供应商披露其信用卡。 还公开了在存储的程序控制的电话交换网络中执行信用卡交易的系统的实现。
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公开(公告)号：US06970475B1
公开(公告)日：2005-11-29
申请号：US09639935
申请日：2000-08-17
摘要： A flow in a network is identified and handled by using a virtual host address. A packet is received at a switch with a first virtual host address as its destination address. If the packet is the first packet of a flow received by the switch, then a second virtual host address is determined by the switch. The first virtual host address is stored in a packet forwarding table correlated with the second virtual host address. A subsequently received packet of the same flow has the same first virtual host address as its destination address, and is forwarded to the second virtual host address in accordance with the packet forwarding table.
摘要翻译： 通过使用虚拟主机地址来识别和处理网络中的流。 在具有第一虚拟主机地址作为其目的地址的交换机处接收分组。 如果分组是由交换机接收的流的第一分组，则第二虚拟主机地址由交换机确定。 第一虚拟主机地址存储在与第二虚拟主机地址相关的分组转发表中。 相同流的后续接收到的分组具有与其目的地地址相同的第一虚拟主机地址，并且根据分组转发表被转发到第二虚拟主机地址。
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公开(公告)号：US4852127A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-25
申请号：US714834
申请日：1985-03-22
CPC分类号： H04L1/0091 , H04L1/0083 , H04L49/90 , H04L49/9052 , H04L1/1835
摘要： A universal protocol data receiver is disclosed which is capable of receiving data streams in character mode and block mode, providing flow control and error detection and correction. The receiver is divided into two stages separated by a first-in, first-out buffer register. The first stage handles flow control and error processing as well as initialization. The second stage handles interfacing with the data utilizing mechanism and flow control acknowledgements. The FIFO buffer is divided into two parts by a movable barrier which limits the access of the second stage. The barrier permits error processing by hiding incoming blocks of data behind the barrier until processing is complete. Both a hardware and a software implementation of the receiver are disclosed.
摘要翻译： 公开了能够以字符模式和块模式接收数据流的通用协议数据接收器，提供流量控制和错误检测和校正。 接收机分为两级，分为先进先出缓冲寄存器。 第一阶段处理流量控制和错误处理以及初始化。 第二级处理与数据利用机制和流量控制确认的接口。 FIFO缓冲器由可移动屏障分为两部分，限制了第二级的访问。 屏障允许通过在屏障之后隐藏传入的数据块来进行错误处理，直到处理完成。 公开了接收机的硬件和软件实现。
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公开(公告)号：US4821258A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-11
申请号：US893602
申请日：1986-08-06
申请人： Alexander G. Fraser
发明人： Alexander G. Fraser
CPC分类号： H04L49/101 , H04L49/201 , H04L49/205 , H04L49/3018 , H04L49/40
摘要： An electronics space-division packet switch is disclosed in which each switch crosspoint includes digital logic capable of resolving simultaneous contentions for the source output buss medium. In particular, a bit-by-bit comparison of priority codes disconnects all switches but the one with the highest priority from the output buss.This extremely simple crosspoint switch structure makes possible extremely large space-division packet switches in very compact physical form, using large scale integration techniques.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种电子空分包开关，其中每个开关交叉点包括能够解析源输出总线介质的同时争用的数字逻辑。 特别地，优先级码的逐位比较将所有交换机断开连接，但是从输出总线开始具有最高优先级的交换机。 这种非常简单的交叉点开关结构使得使用大规模集成技术非常紧凑的物理形式的极大空间分组交换机成为可能。
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7.发明授权Control circuit for modifying contents of packet switch random access memory 失效用于修改分组交换机随机存取存储器内容的控制电路
公开(公告)号：US4218756A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-19
申请号：US916705
申请日：1978-06-19
申请人： Alexander G. Fraser
发明人： Alexander G. Fraser
CPC分类号： H04L12/56
摘要： The information in the header portion of a data packet, which header includes the old module and channel numbers, is used to access locations in a random access memory which contain new module and channel numbers or words that identify the packet routing. To convert the "virtual" address defined by the old module and channel numbers to a physical address, the module number accesses a memory word which is combined with the channel number to produce a single physical address number. When the information stored in the memory is to be changed, the header has special module and channel numbers and the following data includes a "write" command word, address data and information data. The special header words access a memory word which enables the writing of the information data into memory locations selected by the address data. A "read" command word in the packet inserts the word accessed by the address data into the packet.
摘要翻译： 包含旧模块和信道号的数据分组的报头部分中的信息用于访问随机存取存储器中的位置，该随机存取存储器包含识别分组路由的新模块和信道号或字。 要将由旧模块和通道号定义的“虚拟”地址转换为物理地址，模块编号访问与通道号组合的存储器字，以产生单个物理地址号。 当存储在存储器中的信息被改变时，标题具有特殊的模块和通道号，并且以下数据包括“写入”命令字，地址数据和信息数据。 特殊标题字访问使得能够将信息数据写入由地址数据选择的存储器位置的存储器字。 分组中的“读取”命令字将由地址数据访问的单词插入到分组中。
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公开(公告)号：US20090262744A1
公开(公告)日：2009-10-22
申请号：US12419545
申请日：2009-04-07
申请人： Alexander G. Fraser
发明人： Alexander G. Fraser
IPC分类号： H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L45/30 , H04L45/24 , H04L49/1507 , H04L49/1515 , H04L49/3027
摘要： A large high capacity switch is provided for a communication network which is constructed from a network of smaller switches. Data is fragmented into fixed sized cells and the cells of a traffic flow are aggregated by grouping cells to form larger yet uniform units of information transfer. The groups are transmitted synchronously and in parallel to increase the effective bandwidth of information transfer.
摘要翻译： 为由小型交换机的网络构成的通信网络提供了大容量的交换机。 数据被分段成固定大小的小区，并且通过分组小区来聚合业务流的小区以形成更大而统一的信息传送单元。 这些组同步并行传输，以增加信息传输的有效带宽。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4513411A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-23
申请号：US413606
申请日：1982-09-01
申请人： Alexander G. Fraser
发明人： Alexander G. Fraser
CPC分类号： H04L43/00 , H04L12/2602 , H04L43/0811 , H04L43/10
摘要： A status report of equipment in a telecommunications network is transmitted automatically from the equipment to the network maintenance center. The status report includes information such as the serial number of the equipment and its location. Based on such a status report, the network maintenance center can keep up-to-date records of where equipment is located, how the equipment is interconnected with other components, and whether that equipment is functioning correctly. Furthermore, a portable test device can be used by a maintenance person to read the status report transmitted on the line and thereby determine the end points of any transmission line.
摘要翻译： 电信网络设备状态报告自动从设备传输到网络维护中心。 状态报告包括设备序列号及其位置等信息。 基于这样的状态报告，网络维护中心可以保持设备所在位置的最新记录，设备如何与其他组件互连，以及设备是否正常工作。 此外，维护人员可以使用便携式测试装置来读取在线上发送的状态报告，从而确定任何传输线的终点。
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公开(公告)号：USRE31319E
公开(公告)日：1983-07-19
申请号：US123970
申请日：1980-02-25
申请人： Alexander G. Fraser
发明人： Alexander G. Fraser
CPC分类号： H04L12/4637 , H04L12/56 , H04L5/02
摘要： A digital data transmission system comprising a plurality of interconnected switching units, each such unit having connected thereto at least one transmission loop, and each such loop having at least one digital device attached thereto. The system provides controllable buffering of digital data thereby allowing digital devices having different data transfer speeds and storage capabilities to communicate asynchronously. The system allocates communication resources upon request but only creates actual communication paths when the requesting device is transmitting data. Thus system resources need not remain committed between bursts of data.
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