公开(公告)号：US4414191A

公开(公告)日：1983-11-08

申请号：US290926

申请日：1981-08-07

申请人： Andrija Fuderer

发明人： Andrija Fuderer

IPC分类号： B01D53/047 ,  C01C1/04 ,  F25J3/04

CPC分类号： B01D53/047 ,  C01C1/0405 ,  F25J3/04351 ,  F25J3/04412 ,  F25J3/04539 ,  F25J3/04545 ,  F25J3/04563 ,  F25J3/04575 ,  F25J3/04587 ,  F25J3/046 ,  F25J3/04612 ,  B01D2256/10 ,  B01D2256/16 ,  B01D2257/108 ,  B01D2257/50 ,  B01D2257/7025 ,  B01D2259/4003 ,  B01D2259/40052 ,  B01D2259/40064 ,  B01D2259/40081 ,  B01D2259/4009 ,  B01D2259/4063 ,  F25J2205/60 ,  F25J2240/80 ,  Y02C20/20 ,  Y02P20/156 ,  Y02P20/52

摘要： In a pressure swing adsorption system for the purification of hydrogen to be used in an ammonia synthesis gas, nitrogen is employed as a purge gas at an elevated purge pressure. The hydrogen recovered at adsorption pressure contains about 20-25% nitrogen and is advantageous for use as said ammonia synthesis gas. The purge gas is expanded to generate power that can be used to compress air being passed to an air separation system. The nitrogen recovered therein can be employed as said purge gas, while the oxygen recovered can conveniently be employed in a hydrogen generation system used to form said hydrogen passed to the pressure swing adsorption system.

摘要翻译： 在用于氨合成气中使用的氢气净化用变压吸附系统中，在升高的净化压力下使用氮气作为净化气体。 在吸附压力下回收的氢气含有约20-25％的氮气，有利于用作所述氨合成气。 净化气体被膨胀以产生可用于压缩被传递到空气分离系统的空气的功率。 其中回收的氮气可用作所述吹扫气体，而回收的氧气可以方便地用于通过变压吸附系统形成所述氢气的氢气生成系统中。

公开(公告)号：US4374022A

公开(公告)日：1983-02-15

申请号：US189353

申请日：1980-09-30

申请人： Andrija Fuderer

发明人： Andrija Fuderer

IPC分类号： C07C7/12 ,  B01D53/04 ,  C10G25/03

CPC分类号： C10G25/03 ,  B01D53/04 ,  B01D2257/70 ,  B01D2259/40086 ,  B01D2259/403

摘要： Normal paraffins are separated from a hydrocarbon vapor feedstream having 10 to 25 carbon atoms per molecule in a constant pressure process employing a molecular sieve adsorbent and n-hexane for purging and for dilution of gas oil - containing feedstocks. A portion of the countercurrent, desorption purge effluent is employed as a hexane - containing cocurrent purge stream, thereby significantly reducing the required amount of n-hexane purge recycle material, and the size of the equipment and the energy consumed in the processing of said recycle stream. A portion of said countercurrent purge effluent can also be used to provide a source of n-hexane diluent for the gas oil - containing feedstocks, as can the cocurrent purge effluent, resulting in further reduction in required equipment and energy costs, and increasing adsorption efficiency and adsorbent utilization.

摘要翻译： 在使用分子筛吸附剂和正己烷进行清洗和稀释含含粗柴油的原料的恒压法中，每分子具有10-25个碳原子的烃蒸气进料流分离正链烷烃。 使用一部分逆流解吸清洗流出物作为含己烷的并流吹扫流，从而显着减少所需量的正己烷吹扫再循环材料，以及设备尺寸和在所述回收处理中消耗的能量 流。 所述逆流清洗流出物的一部分也可以用于为含瓦斯油的原料提供正己烷稀释剂源，以及并流清洗流出物，从而进一步减少所需设备和能量成本，并提高吸附效率 和吸附剂利用。

公开(公告)号：US4333744A

公开(公告)日：1982-06-08

申请号：US241638

申请日：1981-03-09

申请人： Andrija Fuderer

发明人： Andrija Fuderer

IPC分类号： B01D53/04 ,  B01D53/047 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B3/56

CPC分类号： C01B3/50 ,  B01D53/047 ,  C01B3/56 ,  B01D2256/16 ,  B01D2257/504 ,  B01D2259/40022 ,  B01D2259/4003 ,  B01D2259/40062 ,  B01D2259/40064 ,  B01D2259/404 ,  B01D2259/4065 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  Y02C10/08 ,  Y02P20/152

摘要： One portion comprising about 30-80% of a hydrogen-containing feed gas having a relatively high carbon dioxide content is preheated to remove a substantial portion of said carbon dioxide therefrom. The thus - preheated stream is passed to a pressure swing adsorption bed from which a purified hydrogen stream is withdrawn. Upon completion of this step, the unpretreated portion of the feed gas is passed to the feed end of the bed, with purified hydrogen continuing to be withdrawn from the bed. In cyclic pressure swing adsorption operations employing such a two-feed process, the recovery of purified hydrogen is enhanced as compared with operations in which none of the feed gas is pretreated for carbon dioxide removal or in which all of the feed gas is so treated for removal of carbon dioxide therefrom.

摘要翻译： 包含约30-80％含二氧化碳含量较高的含氢原料气的一部分被预热以从其中除去大部分的二氧化碳。 将如此预热的料流送入变压吸附床，从其中抽出纯化的氢气流。 在完成该步骤后，未经处理的进料气体部分被送入床的进料端，纯化氢继续从床中取出。 在采用这种双重进料的循环变压吸附操作中，与没有将进料气体预处理进行二氧化碳去除或其中所有进料气体如此处理的操作相比，纯化氢的回收率增强 从中除去二氧化碳。

公开(公告)号：US4755361A

公开(公告)日：1988-07-05

申请号：US818703

申请日：1986-01-14

申请人： Andrija Fuderer

发明人： Andrija Fuderer

IPC分类号： C01B3/02 ,  C01C1/00

CPC分类号： C01B3/025

摘要： An apparatus for the production of ammonia synthesis gas comprises a hydrocarbon convertor for converting a hydrocarbon feed to an effluent containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide by reaction with air which hydrocarbon convertor includes means to provide air in excess of the stoichiometric amount of nitrogen required for ammonia synthesis. The effluent from the hydrocarbon convertor is in communication with a water gas shift convertor for converting the carbon monoxide in the effluent to carbon dioxide. The water gas shift convertor is in communication with a pressure-swing adsorption system capable of selectively adsorbing carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane and other impurities from hydrogen and a portion of the nitrogen fed in the gas mixture to the pressure swing adsorption system. The pressure swing adsorption system is provided with a conduit for discharging a partially purified ammonia synthesis gas mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen and a conduit for discharging purge gas.

摘要翻译： 用于生产氨合成气的装置包括烃转化器，用于通过与空气反应将烃进料转化为含有氢气和一氧化碳的流出物，该烃转化器包括提供超过氨合成所需的化学计量量的空气的装置 。 来自烃转化器的流出物与用于将流出物中的一氧化碳转化为二氧化碳的水煤气变换转换器连通。 水煤气变换变换器与能够从氢气和氮气供给的氮气的一部分二氧化碳，一氧化碳，甲烷等杂质选择性地吸附到变压吸附系统的变压吸附系统连通。 变压吸附系统设置有用于排出部分纯化的氢和氮的氨合成气混合物的导管和用于排出吹扫气体的导管。

公开(公告)号：US4553981A

公开(公告)日：1985-11-19

申请号：US577802

申请日：1984-02-07

申请人： Andrija Fuderer

发明人： Andrija Fuderer

IPC分类号： C01B3/12 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01C1/04

CPC分类号： C01B3/50 ,  C01B3/12 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/048 ,  C01B2203/0485

摘要： Effluent gas streams for steam reforming, partial oxidation or coal gasification operations are advantageously treated in shift conversion, scrubbing and pressure swing adsorption units for recovery of a purified, hydrogen-containing product gas stream. By recycling a portion of the waste gas removed from the pressure swing adsorption system to the shift conversion unit and/or to the effluent gas generation operation, enhanced product recovery is achieved without the necessity for employing low temperature shift or for achieving essentially complete removal of the carbon dioxide content of the gas being treated prior to its passage to said pressure swing adsorption system.

摘要翻译： 用于蒸汽重整，部分氧化或煤气化操作的流出气流有利地在用于回收纯化的含氢产物气流的换档转换，洗涤和变压吸附单元中进行处理。 通过将从变压吸附系统中除去的废气的一部分再循环到变换转换单元和/或废气生成操作，实现增强的产品回收，而不需要采用低温漂移或实现基本上完全去除 正在处理的气体在通过所述变压吸附系统之前的二氧化碳含量。

公开(公告)号：US4499208A

公开(公告)日：1985-02-12

申请号：US494547

申请日：1983-05-13

申请人： Andrija Fuderer

发明人： Andrija Fuderer

IPC分类号： C01B3/56 ,  B01D53/04 ,  B01J20/20 ,  B01J20/08 ,  B01J31/08

CPC分类号： B01J20/20 ,  B01J20/2803

摘要： The heat capacity of activated carbon adsorbent pellets is enhanced by the mixing of activated carbon powder with a higher heat capacity, inert inorganic material, such as dense alumina, prior to pelletizing. The resulting doped adsorbent enhances the operation of adiabatic pressure swing adsorption processes by decreasing the cyclic temperature change in the adsorbent bed during each processing cycle of the process.

摘要翻译： 在造粒之前，活性炭吸附剂颗粒的热容量通过将活性炭粉末与较高热容混合，惰性无机材料如致密氧化铝来增强。 所得到的掺杂吸附剂通过在该方法的每个处理循环期间减小吸附床中的循环温度变化来增强绝热变压吸附过程的操作。

公开(公告)号：US4381189A

公开(公告)日：1983-04-26

申请号：US315418

申请日：1981-10-27

申请人： Andrija Fuderer

发明人： Andrija Fuderer

IPC分类号： B01D53/047 ,  B01D53/04

CPC分类号： B01D53/047 ,  B01D2256/16 ,  B01D2259/40001 ,  B01D2259/40015 ,  B01D2259/4003 ,  B01D2259/40037 ,  B01D2259/40041 ,  B01D2259/40052 ,  B01D2259/40056 ,  B01D2259/40066 ,  B01D2259/40073 ,  B01D2259/402 ,  B01D2259/403 ,  B01D2259/404 ,  B01D2259/4068

摘要： Bed utilization and product recovery are enhanced in pressure swing adsorption operations, especially for high pressure applications, by terminating cocurrent depressurization at a relatively high intermediate pressure level. Additional void space gas is released from each main adsorption bed by partial countercurrent depressurization prior to conventional countercurrent blowdown. Such additional gas is passed to a satellite bed adapted for simultaneous release of gas from its discharge end, thereby cocurrently depressurizing said satellite bed from said intermediate pressure level, with the thus-released gas being passed to the discharge end of another satellite bed or beds and/or another main bed or beds for pressure equalization and/or purging purposes. The satellite bed is one of a satellite group of adsorption beds containing a lesser number and smaller beds than in said main bed system, the satellite beds not being operated above said intermediate pressure level.

摘要翻译： 通过在较高的中间压力水平下终止并流减压，变压吸附操作，特别是对于高压应用，床的利用率和产品回收率得到提高。 在常规逆流排污之前，通过部分逆流减压从每个主吸附床释放另外的空隙空间气体。 这样的附加气体被传递到适于同时从其排出端释放气体的卫星床，从而使所述卫星床从所述中间压力水平并流地减压，这样释放的气体被传递到另一个卫星床或床的排放端 和/或用于压力平衡和/或清洗目的的另一主床或床。 卫星床是卫星组的吸附床之一，其床数少于所述主床系统，床数不比所述中压水平高。

公开(公告)号：US4337170A

公开(公告)日：1982-06-29

申请号：US114566

申请日：1980-01-23

申请人： Andrija Fuderer

发明人： Andrija Fuderer

IPC分类号： B01J8/06 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B5/02 ,  C10G11/20 ,  C01B3/48

CPC分类号： C01B3/384 ,  B01J8/062 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0816 ,  C01B2203/0844 ,  C01B2203/0866 ,  C01B2203/0883 ,  C01B2203/0894 ,  C01B2203/1011 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1052 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1247 ,  C01B2203/127 ,  C01B2203/1294 ,  C01B2203/141 ,  Y02P20/129

摘要： The hot effluent from the catalytic steam reforming of a major portion of a fluid hydrocarbon feed stream in the reformer tubes of a primary reformer, or said effluent after secondary reforming thereof, is mixed with the hot effluent from the catalytic steam reforming of the remaining portion of the feed discharged from the reformer tubes of a primary reformer-exchanger. The combined gas steam is passed on the shell side of the reformer-exchanger countercurrently to the passage of feed in the reformer tubes thereof, thus supplying the heat for the reforming of the portion of the feed passed through the reformer tubes of the reformer-exchanger. At least about 2/3 of the hydrocarbon feed stream is passed to the reformer tubes of said primary reformer, heated by radiant heat transfer and/or by contact with combustion gases, at a steam/hydrocarbon mole ratio of about 2-4/1. The remainder of said feed stream is passed to the reformer tubes of said reformer-exchanger at a steam/hydrocarbon mole ratio of about 3-6/1. The reformer shell of the reformer-exchanger is internally insulated by a refractory lining or by use of a double shell with passage of water or a portion of the feed material between the inner and outer shells. There is no significant difference between the pressure inside and outside of the reformer tubes of said primary reformer-exchanger.

摘要翻译： 来自初级重整器的重整器管中的流体烃进料流的主要部分的催化蒸汽重整或其二次重整之后的所述流出物的热流出物与来自剩余部分的催化蒸汽重整的热流出物混合 的从一次重整器交换器的重整管排出的进料。 合并后的气体蒸汽在重整器交换器的外壳侧通过与重整器管中的进料通道逆流，从而为通过重整器交换器的重整器管的进料部分的重整提供热量 。 至少约2/3的烃进料流通过辐射热传递和/或通过与燃烧气体的接触而被加热到所述初级重整器的重整器管，其蒸汽/烃摩尔比约为2-4 / 1 。 所述进料流的剩余部分以约3-6 / 1的蒸汽/烃摩尔比通入所述重整器 - 交换器的重整器管。 重整器 - 交换器的重整器外壳由耐火衬里内部绝缘或通过使用具有水通过的双壳或者在内壳和外壳之间的进料的一部分进行内部绝缘。 所述一次重整器 - 交换器的重整器管内外的压力无显着差异。

公开(公告)号：US5958109A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-28

申请号：US79940

申请日：1998-05-15

申请人： Andrija Fuderer

发明人： Andrija Fuderer

IPC分类号： B01D53/04

CPC分类号： B01D53/0462 ,  B01D2253/102 ,  B01D2253/108 ,  B01D2253/304 ,  B01D2257/70 ,  B01D2257/704 ,  B01D2259/40045 ,  B01D2259/40052 ,  B01D2259/40056 ,  B01D2259/4009 ,  B01D2259/403 ,  B01D2259/4061

摘要： Organic solvents are removed from air by adsorption on fixed beds of activated carbon. Each carbon bed is periodically regenerated by heating it in two distinct steps and then by cooling it in two steps with a circulated inert gas stream. During the first step of heating a portion of the water is removed from the inert gas by molecular sieves or preferably by chilling the inert gas to below 10.degree. C. In a second step of heating the essentially water-free liquid solvent is recovered by chilling the inert gas. The first step of cooling of a bed is overlapping with the first step of heating of another bed. The hot gas leaving the cooled bed is used to heat the other bed. Between the two stages of heating the bed is put on "hold" till the final cooling step of another bed is completed.

摘要翻译： 有机溶剂通过吸附在活性炭固定床上而从空气中除去。 通过在两个不同的步骤中加热每个碳床，然后通过循环的惰性气流两步冷却来定期再生碳床。 在加热的第一步骤中，通过分子筛将惰性气体的一部分水分除去，或优选将惰性气体冷却至低于10℃。在第二步骤中，加热基本上不含水的液体溶剂通过冷却来回收 惰性气体。 床的冷却的第一步骤与加热另一床的​​第一步重叠。 离开冷却床的热气用于加热另一个床。 在加热的两个阶段之间，将床保持在“保持”状态，直到另一床的最后冷却步骤完成。

公开(公告)号：US4822521A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-18

申请号：US931121

申请日：1986-11-17

申请人： Andrija Fuderer

发明人： Andrija Fuderer

IPC分类号： B01J8/06 ,  B01J12/00 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B1/13

CPC分类号： B01J12/005 ,  B01J8/067 ,  C01B3/382 ,  B01J2208/00088 ,  B01J2208/00274 ,  B01J2208/00309 ,  B01J2208/00495 ,  B01J2208/0053 ,  B01J2219/00777 ,  Y02P20/125 ,  Y02P20/129

摘要： Integrated primary-secondary reforming operations are carried out with the partly reformed product effluent from the reformer tubes of the primary reforming zone passing to a catalyst-free reaction space at the feed end of a catalyst bed in the secondary reforming zone. The exothermic heat of reaction generated in said reaction space supplies the necessary heat for the endothermic reforming reaction that occurs in the catalyst bed of the secondary reforming zone, and the still hot secondary product effluent leaving the secondary reforming zone is passed in the shell side of the primary reformer zone to supply the endothermic heat of reaction required in said primary reforming zone. Essentially autothermal operating conditions are thereby achieved so as to essentially eliminate the necessity for employing an external fuel-fired primary reformer and/or for consuming a portion of the hyrocarbon feed material for fuel purposes.

摘要翻译： 集成的一次 - 二次重整操作是通过一次重整区的重整器管的部分重整产物流出物在二次重整区的催化剂床的进料端通过无催化剂的反应空间来进行的。 在所述反应空间中产生的反应的放热量为在二次重整区的催化剂床中发生的吸热重整反应提供必要的热量，并且离开二次重整区的仍然热的二次产物流出物在壳侧 所述一次重整器区域用于提供所述初级重整区域中所需的反应吸热热。 从而基本上实现了自热操作条件，从而基本上消除了使用外部燃料燃烧的初级重整器和/或用于消耗用于燃料目的的一部分碳氢化合物进料的必要性。