摘要:
A method and system for determining specific pixel modulation states of a spatial light modulator (SLM) to print a desired pattern on a substrate are disclosed. The method includes selecting at least one super-pixel in an object plane of the desired pattern, the super-pixel being formed of at least two pixels. At least one edge of the desired pattern crosses a boundary within the super-pixel, the at least one edge being defined by specific slope and position parameters relative to the super-pixel. The method also includes (i) forming an interpolation table to tabulate pre-calculated pixel modulation states and (ii) determining the specific pixel modulation states for each of the pixels in accordance with the interpolation table. Disclosed also are a method and system for providing a spatial light modulator (SLM). The SLM includes a plurality of mirrors structured to form groups of super-pixels. Each super-pixel (i) includes two or more mirrors from the plurality of mirrors and (ii) is configured to switch only one pixel of light. Each of the two or more mirrors can be separately actuated.
摘要:
A method and system for determining specific pixel modulation states of a spatial light modulator (SLM) to print a desired pattern on a substrate are disclosed. The method includes selecting at least one super-pixel in an object plane of the desired pattern, the super-pixel being formed of at least two pixels. At least one edge of the desired pattern crosses a boundary within the super-pixel, the at least one edge being defined by specific slope and position parameters relative to the super-pixel. The method also includes (i) forming an interpolation table to tabulate pre-calculated pixel modulation states and (ii) determining the specific pixel modulation states for each of the pixels in accordance with the interpolation table. Disclosed also are a method and system for providing a spatial light modulator (SLM). The SLM includes a plurality of mirrors structured to form groups of super-pixels. Each super-pixel (i) includes two or more mirrors from the plurality of mirrors and (ii) is configured to switch only one pixel of light. Each of the two or more mirrors can be separately actuated.
摘要:
In a lithographic method, a characteristic of a projection system is measured before and after periods of heating (exposures) and cooling to provide data to calibrate a model of lens heating. The model has a part modeling the effect of cooling and a part modeling the effect of heating on the characteristic.
摘要:
A lithographic projection apparatus is disclosed for use with an immersion liquid positioned between the projection system and a substrate. Several methods and mechanism are disclosed to protect components of the projection system, substrate table and a liquid confinement system. These include providing a protective coating on a final element of the projection system as well as providing one or more sacrificial bodies upstream of the components. A two component final optical element of CaF2 is also disclosed.
摘要:
The joint between the projection system element and its support comprises an inorganic layer or a direct bond and is thus liquid tight, which can prevent deformation by an immersion liquid. The joint can be made either warm or cold. Solders, glue, and glue protection can all be used in the formation of this joint. In an embodiment, the elements and its support are made of quartz.
摘要:
An immersion lithography apparatus includes a liquid supply system configured to supply a liquid to a space through which a beam of radiation passes, the liquid having an optical property that can be tuned by a tuner. The space may be located between the projection system and the substrate. The tuner is arranged to adjust one or more properties of the liquid such as the shape, composition, refractive index and/or absorptivity as a function of space and/or time in order to change the imaging performance of the lithography apparatus.
摘要:
In a lithographic apparatus, a localized area of the substrate surface under a projection system is immersed in liquid. The height of a liquid supply system above the surface of the substrate can be varied using actuators. A control system uses feedforward or feedback control with input of the surface height of the substrate to maintain the liquid supply system at a predetermined height above the surface of the substrate.
摘要:
In an immersion lithography apparatus or device manufacturing method, the position of focus of the projected image is changed during imaging to increase focus latitude. In an embodiment, the focus may be varied using the liquid supply system of the immersion lithographic apparatus.
摘要:
A system and method are used to direct a radiation beam to illuminate non-perpendicularly a patterning array of individually controllable elements used for patterning the radiation beam. The individually controllable elements can change a telecentricity of the radiation beam. Projection of the radiation beam onto the individually controllable elements can be by a concave mirror or use a folding mirror placed in an object field of the individually controllable elements. Alternatively, the individually controllable elements can change the optical axis of the radiation beam.
摘要:
A method of lithography is disclosed that includes conditioning a radiation beam using an illumination system of a lithographic apparatus, imparting the radiation beam with a pattern in its cross-section, and projecting the patterned beam of radiation as an exposure field onto a substrate, wherein a periodic interference pattern is present in the exposure field, and relative motion is established between the substrate and a component in the illumination system, such that the periodic interference pattern is displaced in a direction which is not parallel to a direction of repetition of the periodic interference pattern.