公开(公告)号：US4948489A

公开(公告)日：1990-08-14

申请号：US340604

申请日：1989-04-19

申请人： Bernard Greenberg

发明人： Bernard Greenberg

IPC分类号： C02F1/463 ,  C02F1/467 ,  C02F9/00 ,  C25D21/22

CPC分类号： C02F9/00 ,  C02F1/4672 ,  C25D21/22 ,  C02F1/463 ,  C02F2101/20

摘要： An electrolytic treatment method and a unit in which such a method is practiced are provided wherein heavy metal hydrous oxides are precipitated and recovered from a dilute waste stream to render the waste stream suitable for discharge. The waste stream is passed into the cathode chamber of an anion exchange membrane delineated electrolytic cell and subjected to high current density electrolysis to promote the formation of regular, noncompressible metal hydrous oxide crystals. Fluoride ion is added to the precipitate-containing waste stream, the precipitate is filtered and the clarified liquid waste stream is split so that a portion is discharged and a portion is recycled into the metal ion-containing waste stream for further treatment.

摘要翻译： 提供电解处理方法和实施这种方法的单元，其中将重金属含水氧化物从稀释废物流中沉淀回收，以使废物流适合排放。 将废物流进入阴离子交换膜描绘的电解池的阴极室，并进行高电流密度电解，以促进形成规则的，不可压缩的金属水合氧化物晶体。 将氟离子加入到含沉淀物的废物流中，将沉淀物过滤并将澄清的废液流分开，使得一部分被排出，并将一部分再循环到含金属离子的废物流中用于进一步处理。

公开(公告)号：US5188703A

公开(公告)日：1993-02-23

申请号：US826132

申请日：1992-01-27

申请人： Bernard Greenberg

发明人： Bernard Greenberg

IPC分类号： C22B15/00 ,  C23F1/46

CPC分类号： C22B15/0084 ,  C23F1/46 ,  Y02P10/236

摘要： The present invention is a method and apparatus for recovering copper (Cu) and regenerating ammoniacal etchant from spent ammoniacal etchant for the process of milling printed circuit boards. The basic steps of the present invention include (a) adding an adequate amount of hydrochloric acid (HCl) into a spent ammoniacal etchant containing copper ions (Cu.sup.2+), ammonium ions (NH.sub.4.sup.+) and chloride ions (Cl.sup.-) to produce an acidified spent ammoniacal etchant having a pH value in the range of between approximately 3 and approximately 6 and having increased concentrations of the ammonium ions (NH.sub.4.sup.+) and the chloride ions (Cl.sup.-) substantially stoichiometrically equivalent to that of the copper ions (Cu.sup.2+), so that all copper (Cu) contained in the acidified spent ammoniacal etchant is substantially precipitated as double salt copper ammonium chloride [(NH.sub.4).sub.2 CuCl.sub.4(S) ]; (b) separating the double salt copper ammonium chloride [(NH.sub.4).sub.2 CuCl.sub.4(s) ] from the acidified spent ammoniacal etchant; (c) recovering copper (Cu) from the separated double salt copper ammonium chloride [(NH.sub.4).sub.2 CuCl.sub.4(s) ] ; and (d) regenerating ammoniacal etchant from the separated spent ammoniacal etchant.

摘要翻译： 本发明是一种回收铜（Cu）并从废氨蚀刻剂中再生氨蚀刻剂的方法和装置，用于研磨印刷电路板。 本发明的基本步骤包括（a）在含有铜离子（Cu 2+），铵离子（NH 4 +）和氯离子（Cl - ）的废氨蚀刻剂中加入足量的盐酸（HCl）以产生酸化的废料 氨化蚀刻剂的pH值在约3和约6之间，并且具有与铜离子（Cu 2+）基本上化学计量等同的铵离子（NH 4 +）和氯离子（Cl-）的浓度增加，使得 酸化的废氨水蚀刻剂中所含的全部铜（Cu）基本上沉淀为双盐氯化铜铵[（NH 4）2 CuCl 4（S）]; （b）从酸化的废氨水腐蚀剂中分离双盐氯化铜[（NH 4）2 CuCl 4） （c）从分离的双盐氯化铜铵[（NH4）2CuCl4（s）]中回收铜（Cu）; 和（d）从分离的废氨蚀刻剂中再生氨质蚀刻剂。

公开(公告)号：US06471873B1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-29

申请号：US09491623

申请日：2000-01-26

申请人： Bernard Greenberg ,  Andrew Sulner

发明人： Bernard Greenberg ,  Andrew Sulner

IPC分类号： C02F146

CPC分类号： C02F1/46109 ,  C02F1/001 ,  C02F1/463 ,  C02F1/4674 ,  C02F2001/46133 ,  C02F2001/46152 ,  C02F2101/105 ,  C02F2101/16 ,  C02F2201/4611 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F2201/46145 ,  C02F2209/06 ,  C02F2301/022 ,  C02F2303/04 ,  Y10S210/903 ,  Y10S210/906

摘要： An electrolytic process and apparatus purifies contaminated bulk aqueous solutions and remediates soil. The apparatus is an electrolytic treatment or remediation unit consisting of one or more electrolytic cells having a cathode chamber separated from at least one anode chamber by a separation membrane. The cathode chamber has cathode plates positioned at an angle to the perpendicular or vertical axis of the cell made of valve metals with an irreducible oxide coating. Non-turbulent flow of the solution in an interfacial zone adjacent to the cathode is controlled by the evolution of hydrogen during electrolysis, resulting in a steady state flow of colloidal particles and cations in the cathode-solution interface sufficient to collapse the Gouy-Chapman layer, thereby causing total and irreversible agglomeration of all colloidal particles. A separation membrane separates cathode and anode chambers and allows conductivity driven ionic transfers, and prevents electro-osmotic reflux of the anolyte. A maximum pH difference between the cathode and anode chambers, yielding a cathode chamber maximum pH of 9.8 and an anode chamber minimum pH of 3.2, ensures that the transient pH in the interfacial zone rises to levels in excess of 12.0, thereby enabling the precipitation of phosphates as alkaline earth phosphates and the hydrolysis of urea resulting in the oxidation of ammonia to form an oxidant for dissolved organic materials. The contaminated aqueous solution is subjected to high current density electrolysis, after which it is passed to a holding chamber, a filter chamber, and thereafter to at least one anode chamber.

摘要翻译： 电解过程和设备净化污染的大量水溶液并补救土壤。 该装置是由具有阴极室的一个或多个电解池组成的电解处理或修复单元，阴极室通过分离膜与至少一个阳极室分离。 阴极室具有阴极板，阴极板与阀金属的电池的垂直或垂直轴线成角度，具有不可约氧化物涂层。 溶液在与阴极相邻的界面区域中的非湍流通过电解过程中氢的释放来控制，导致阴极 - 溶液界面中的胶体颗粒和阳离子的稳态流动足以使Gouy-Chapman层 ，从而引起所有胶体颗粒的总的和不可逆的团聚。 分离膜分离阴极室和阳极室，并允许电导率驱动的离子转移，并防止阳极电解液的电渗透反应。 阴极室和阳极室之间的最大pH差异，产生阴极室最大pH为9.8，阳极室最小pH为3.2，确保界面区域中的瞬态pH升高到超过12.0的水平，从而使 磷酸盐作为碱土金属磷酸盐，并且尿素的水解导致氨的氧化以形成用于溶解的有机材料的氧化剂。 污染的水溶液经受高电流密度电解，然后将其通入保持室，过滤室，之后进入至少一个阳极室。

公开(公告)号：US5362459A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-08

申请号：US61461

申请日：1993-05-17

申请人： Bernard Greenberg

发明人： Bernard Greenberg

IPC分类号： C01F17/00

CPC分类号： C01F17/0062

摘要： The present invention is a method of recovering neodymium (Nd) from waste by-products of rare earth magnet manufacture. Two main waste by-products, NdFeB swarf and NdFeB slag, are treated by two respective chemical schemes as described above. However, the only major consumption of chemical compound in both schemes is hydrofluoric acid (HF). The present invention scheme for NdFeB swarf recovery is characterized by using acetic acid (HC.sub.2 H.sub.3 O.sub.2) having a pK value of approximately 4.7. The present invention scheme for NdFeB slag recovery is characterized by using sulfamic acid electrolyte bath having a pH value of approximately 2.7. The moist neodymium trifluoride (NdF.sub.3) produced by both schemes can be dried by using the same microwave radiation technique to produce dry neodymium trifluoride (NdF.sub.3) which contains less than 3% moisture.

摘要翻译： 本发明是从稀土磁体制造废弃副产物中回收钕（Nd）的方法。 两种主要的废弃副产品，钕铁硼切屑和钕铁硼矿渣，按照上述两种相应的化学方案进行处理。 然而，两种方案中化学化合物的主要消费量是氢氟酸（HF）。 NdFeB切屑回收的本发明方案的特征在于使用pK值为约4.7的乙酸（HC2H3O2）。 NdFeB渣回收的本发明方案的特征在于使用pH值为约2.7的氨基磺酸电解液浴。 通过使用相同的微波辐射技术，可以通过两种方案产生的湿的三氟化钕（NdF 3）干燥以产生含有小于3％水分的干式三氟化钕（NdF 3）。

公开(公告)号：US20080177204A1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-24

申请号：US11657321

申请日：2007-01-24

申请人： Bernard Greenberg

发明人： Bernard Greenberg

IPC分类号： A61B5/107

CPC分类号： A61B5/412 ,  A61B5/1076 ,  A61B5/435

摘要： An instrument for measuring a dilatation of cervix uteri during the first stage of labor. The instrument has two elongated legs pivotally connected to each other. Each leg has a proximal end and a distal end; the top end has an attaching device that can be attached to an inner surface of the cervix. The lower end of one leg is secured to a scale and the lower end of the other leg can move along this scale as the cervix dilates.

摘要翻译： 在第一阶段测量宫颈子宫扩张的手段。 仪器有两个细长的腿相互枢纽连接。 每个腿具有近端和远端; 顶端具有可附接到子宫颈内表面的附接装置。 一条腿的下端被固定到一个标尺上，而另一条腿的下端可以随着子宫颈扩大而沿着此刻度移动。

公开(公告)号：US5158602A

公开(公告)日：1992-10-27

申请号：US836416

申请日：1992-02-18

申请人： Bernard Greenberg

发明人： Bernard Greenberg

IPC分类号： C22B7/00 ,  C22B34/32

CPC分类号： C22B34/325 ,  C22B7/009 ,  Y02P10/214 ,  Y02P10/23

摘要： The present invention is a method for separating copper (II) from chromite in a material containing both copper (II) and chromite. The present invention separation method essentially comprises the steps of: (a) extracting the material with a combined hot vapor-liquid phase of volatile carboxylic acid to dissolve the copper (II) as cupric carboxylate, thereby removing the copper (II) from the material; and (b) crystallizing the cupric carboxylate. The present invention method may further comprise the step of reducing the chromite in the remaining material to chromium metal by reduction with hydrogen at about 1500.degree. C. Preferably, the substantially volatile carboxylic acid is acetic acid. The present invention method and apparatus is useful for treatment of exhausted catalyst pellets containing copper (II) and chromite and recovering both copper and chromium in a useful form from the pellets.

摘要翻译： 本发明是在含有铜（II）和铬铁矿的材料中从亚铬酸盐中分离铜（II）的方法。 本发明的分离方法基本上包括以下步骤：（a）用挥发性羧酸的热汽 - 液相组合提取该材料，以将铜（II）溶解为羧酸铜，从而从该材料中除去铜（II） ; 和（b）使羧酸铜结晶。 本发明方法还可以包括通过在约1500℃下用氢还原，将剩余材料中的铬铁矿还原为铬金属的步骤。优选地，基本上挥发性的羧酸是乙酸。 本发明的方法和装置可用于处理含有铜（II）和铬铁矿的排出的催化剂颗粒，并从颗粒中回收有用形式的铜和铬。

公开(公告)号：US5047126A

公开(公告)日：1991-09-10

申请号：US530933

申请日：1990-05-23

申请人： Bernard Greenberg

发明人： Bernard Greenberg

IPC分类号： C02F1/463 ,  C02F1/467 ,  C02F9/00 ,  C25D21/22

CPC分类号： C02F9/00 ,  C25D21/22 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C02F1/463 ,  C02F1/4672 ,  C02F2101/20 ,  C02F2201/003 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F2201/46185 ,  C02F2303/16

摘要： An electrolytic treatment method and a unit in which such a method is practiced are provided wherein heavy metal hydrous oxides are precipitated and recovered from a dilute waste stream to render the waste stream suitable for discharge. The waste stream is passed into the cathode chamber of an anion exchange membrane delineated electrolytic cell and subjected to high current density electrolysis to promote the formation of regular, noncompressible metal hydrous oxide crystals. Fluoride ion is added to the precipitate-containing waste stream, the precipitate is filtered and the clarified liquid waste stream is split so that a portion is discharged and a portion is recycled into the metal ion-containing waste stream for further treatment.

摘要翻译： 提供电解处理方法和实施这种方法的单元，其中将重金属含水氧化物从稀释废物流中沉淀回收，以使废物流适合排放。 将废物流进入阴离子交换膜描绘的电解池的阴极室，并进行高电流密度电解，以促进形成规则的，不可压缩的金属水合氧化物晶体。 将氟离子加入到含沉淀物的废物流中，将沉淀物过滤并将澄清的废液流分开，使得一部分被排出，并将一部分再循环到含金属离子的废物流中用于进一步处理。

公开(公告)号：US20100153396A1

公开(公告)日：2010-06-17

申请号：US12528618

申请日：2008-02-26

申请人： Benson Margulies ,  David Murgatroyd ,  Bernard Greenberg ,  Zhaohui Li

发明人： Benson Margulies ,  David Murgatroyd ,  Bernard Greenberg ,  Zhaohui Li

IPC分类号： G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F17/278 ,  G06F17/2863

摘要： Methods, systems and computer software program code products enabling the matching of a large number of names across any of a range of different languages comprise: receiving incoming names in any of a set of languages or scripts; generating high-recall keys based on the received incoming names; executing a full-text index process based on the generated high-recall keys; and looking up candidates for matching.

摘要翻译： 允许在一系列不同语言中匹配大量名称的方法，系统和计算机软件程序代码产品包括：以任何一组语言或脚本接收传入的名称; 基于接收到的名字生成高回调键; 基于生成的高回调键执行全文索引处理; 并查找候选人进行匹配。

公开(公告)号：US5429724A

公开(公告)日：1995-07-04

申请号：US333417

申请日：1994-11-01

申请人： Bernard Greenberg

发明人： Bernard Greenberg

IPC分类号： C01F17/00 ,  C25C1/00

CPC分类号： C01F17/0062

摘要： The present invention is a method of recovering neodymium (Nd) from waste by-products of rare earth magnet manufacture. Two main waste by-products, NdFeB swarf and NdFeB slag, are treated by two respective chemical schemes as described above. However, the only major consumption of chemical compound in both schemes is hydrofluoric acid (HF). The present invention scheme for NdFeB swarf recovery is characterized by using acetic acid (HC.sub.2 H.sub.3 O.sub.2) having a pK value of approximately 4.7. The present invention scheme for NdFeB slag recovery is characterized by using sulfamic acid electrolyte bath having a pH value of approximately 2.7. The moist neodymium trifluoride (NdF.sub.3) produced by both schemes can be dried by using the same microwave radiation technique to produce dry neodymium trifluoride (NdF.sub.3) which contains less than 3% moisture.

摘要翻译： 本发明是从稀土磁体制造废弃副产物中回收钕（Nd）的方法。 两种主要的废弃副产品，钕铁硼切屑和钕铁硼矿渣，按照上述两种相应的化学方案进行处理。 然而，两种方案中化学化合物的主要消费量是氢氟酸（HF）。 NdFeB切屑回收的本发明方案的特征在于使用pK值为约4.7的乙酸（HC2H3O2）。 NdFeB渣回收的本发明方案的特征在于使用pH值为约2.7的氨基磺酸电解液浴。 通过使用相同的微波辐射技术，可以通过两种方案产生的湿的三氟化钕（NdF 3）干燥以产生含有小于3％水分的干式三氟化钕（NdF 3）。

公开(公告)号：US4954265A

公开(公告)日：1990-09-04

申请号：US305246

申请日：1989-02-01

申请人： Bernard Greenberg ,  Andrew Sulner

发明人： Bernard Greenberg ,  Andrew Sulner

IPC分类号： B01D21/01 ,  C02F1/54 ,  C02F9/00 ,  C22B15/00

CPC分类号： C02F9/00 ,  C02F1/54 ,  C22B15/0089 ,  C22B23/0461 ,  C02F2101/20 ,  Y02P10/236 ,  Y10S210/912

摘要： A method of processing an aqueous feed liquid to precipitate at least one metal (e.g., copper, nickel or a combination thereof) in a form to make the metal subsequently removable from the feed liquid by filtration, comprises the initial step of mixing (i) an aqueous feed liquid containing a soluble salt of the metal to be removed, (ii) oxalic acid in excess of that required to react with metal, and (iii) a pH-adjusting liquid in a quantity sufficient to lower the pH of the feed liquid to a point between that at which the feed liquid becomes slightly supersaturated with respect to the oxalate of the metal and that at which precipitation of the metal oxalate is initiated. The mixture is then allowed to stand (either at room temperature or heated to elevated temperatures) for a period of time sufficient to form metal oxalate, and finally the formed metal oxalate is separated from the feed liquid to leave an aqueous liquid suitable for discharge to a sewer line.

摘要翻译： 一种处理含水进料液体以使形式的至少一种金属（例如铜，镍或其组合）沉淀以使随后通过过滤从进料液体中除去的金属的方法包括混合的初始步骤（i） 含有待除去金属的可溶性盐的含水进料液，（ii）超过与金属反应所需的量的草酸，和（iii）足以降低进料pH值的pH调节液体 液体到达进料液体相对于金属的草酸盐稍微过饱和和金属草酸盐沉淀开始的点之间的点。 然后将混合物静置（室温或加热至升高的温度）足以形成草酸金属的时间，最后将形成的草酸金属从进料液体中分离出来，以便将适合排放的水溶液 一条下水道。