公开(公告)号：US6055242A

公开(公告)日：2000-04-25

申请号：US812469

申请日：1997-03-06

申请人： Bharat Tarachand Doshi ,  Subrahmanyam Dravida ,  George John Kustka ,  Peter D. Magill ,  Curtis A. Siller ,  Kotikalapudi Sriram

发明人： Bharat Tarachand Doshi ,  Subrahmanyam Dravida ,  George John Kustka ,  Peter D. Magill ,  Curtis A. Siller ,  Kotikalapudi Sriram

IPC分类号： H04J3/16 ,  H04L12/28 ,  H04N7/173 ,  H04N21/61 ,  H04J3/24 ,  H04L12/43

CPC分类号： H04N21/6118 ,  H04J3/1694 ,  H04L12/2801 ,  H04N21/6168 ,  H04N7/17309

摘要： The specification relates to a broadband multiple access protocol for bi-directional hybrid fiber/coax (HFC) networks. The protocol supports downstream broadcast transmission from headend to cable modem, and also provides for allocation of bandwidth for cable modems to transmit back to the headend. Although the present invention is described in relation to an HFC network, it is also equally applicable to a wireless communications environment. The protocol supports different access modes such as synchronous transfer mode, asynchronous transfer mode, and variable length data. The protocol adapts to changing demands for a mix of circuit and packet mode applications and allocates upstream and downstream bandwidth in response to the a variety of bursty and isochronous traffic sources. In order to satisfy the quality of service requirements of varied applications, while maintaining high bandwidth efficiency, the protocol utilizes a frame structure with frame partitioning into regions; one region dedicated to STM payload and asynchronous, second region dedicated to ATM and VL payloads, messaging and control.

摘要翻译： 该规范涉及用于双向混合光纤/同轴（HFC）网络的宽带多址协议。 该协议支持从头端到电缆调制解调器的下行广播传输，并且还为电缆调制解调器的带宽分配提供发送回头端。 虽然本发明是关于HFC网络进行描述的，但也可应用于无线通信环境。 该协议支持不同的访问模式，如同步传输模式，异步传输模式和可变长度数据。 该协议适应于对电路和分组模式应用的混合的不断变化的需求，并且响应于各种突发和等时业务源来分配上行和下行带宽。 为了满足各种应用的服务质量要求，在保持高带宽效率的同时，协议利用帧分区的帧结构， 一个专用于STM有效载荷的区域和专用于ATM和VL有效载荷的异步，第二区域，消息和控制。

公开(公告)号：US06349138B1

公开(公告)日：2002-02-19

申请号：US08841510

申请日：1997-04-23

申请人： Bharat Tarachand Doshi ,  Subrahmanyam Dravida ,  George John Kustka ,  Peter D. Magill ,  Curtis A. Siller ,  Kotikalapudi Sriram

发明人： Bharat Tarachand Doshi ,  Subrahmanyam Dravida ,  George John Kustka ,  Peter D. Magill ,  Curtis A. Siller ,  Kotikalapudi Sriram

IPC分类号： H04N7167

CPC分类号： H04L1/0057 ,  H04L1/0071 ,  H04L1/0085 ,  H04L12/2801 ,  H04L25/03866 ,  H04N7/173

摘要： The specification relates to a method and apparatus supporting multiple access, bi-directional data and multimedia transfer described over a hybrid fiber/coax (HFC) network, though applicable to transmissions over other media as well. The protocol associated with the present invention supports downstream broadcast transmission from headend to cable modem, and also provides for allocation of bandwidth for cable modems to transmit back to the headend. The protocol supports different access modes such as STM, ATM, and VL; within each subframe of a subframe/frame/masterframe structure. The protocol is utilized over a system which provides for forward error correction (FEC) and scrambling/descrambling, while eliminating the deleterious effects on the error correcting capability of the FEC due to the bit error spreading associated with a scrambling/descrambling function. The protocol adapts to changing demands for a mix of circuit and packet mode applications and allocates upstream and downstream bandwidth in response to the a variety of bursty and isochronous traffic sources.

摘要翻译： 本说明书涉及一种支持通过混合光纤/同轴电缆（HFC）网络描述的多路访问，双向数据和多媒体传输的方法和装置，尽管适用于其它介质上的传输。 与本发明相关联的协议支持从头端到电缆调制解调器的下行广播传输，并且还为电缆调制解调器的带宽分配提供发送回头端。 该协议支持不同的接入方式，如STM，ATM和VL; 在子帧/帧/主帧结构的每个子帧内。 该协议通过提供前向纠错（FEC）和加扰/解扰的系统来利用，同时消除由于与加扰/解扰功能相关联的比特误差扩展对FEC的纠错能力的有害影响。 该协议适应于对电路和分组模式应用的混合的不断变化的需求，并且响应于各种突发和等时业务源来分配上行和下行带宽。

公开(公告)号：US6041051A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-21

申请号：US832255

申请日：1997-04-03

申请人： Bharat Tarachand Doshi ,  Subrahmanyam Dravida ,  George John Kustka ,  Peter D. Magill ,  Curtis A. Siller ,  Kotikalapudi Sriram

发明人： Bharat Tarachand Doshi ,  Subrahmanyam Dravida ,  George John Kustka ,  Peter D. Magill ,  Curtis A. Siller ,  Kotikalapudi Sriram

IPC分类号： H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/56 ,  H04Q11/04 ,  H04L12/66

CPC分类号： H04W28/06 ,  H04L12/2801 ,  H04Q11/0478 ,  H04L2012/5605 ,  H04L2012/5606 ,  H04L2012/561 ,  H04W72/0446 ,  H04W72/0453 ,  H04W74/00 ,  H04W88/06

摘要： The specification relates to a broadband multiple access protocol for bi-directional hybrid fiber/coax (HFC) networks. The protocol supports downstream broadcast transmission from headend to cable modem, and also provides for allocation of bandwidth for cable modems to transmit back to the headend. Although the present invention is described in relation to an HFC network, it is also equally applicable to a cellular wireless communications environment. The protocol supports different access modes such as STM, ATM, and VL; within each subframe of a subframe/frame/masterframe structure. The protocol adapts to changing demands for a mix of circuit and packet mode applications and allocates upstream and downstream bandwidth in response to the a variety of bursty and isochronous traffic sources. In order to satisfy the quality of service requirements of varied applications, while maintaining high bandwidth efficiency, the protocol utilizes a subframe structure with subframe partitioning into regions; one region dedicated to STM payload transmission, a second region dedicated to ATM cell transmission, and a third region dedicated to VL payload transmissions.

摘要翻译： 该规范涉及用于双向混合光纤/同轴（HFC）网络的宽带多址协议。 该协议支持从头端到电缆调制解调器的下行广播传输，并且还为电缆调制解调器的带宽分配提供发送回头端。 虽然关于HFC网络描述了本发明，但是它也同样适用于蜂窝式无线通信环境。 该协议支持不同的接入方式，如STM，ATM和VL; 在子帧/帧/主帧结构的每个子帧内。 该协议适应于对电路和分组模式应用的混合的不断变化的需求，并且响应于各种突发和等时业务源来分配上行和下行带宽。 为了满足各种应用的服务质量要求，在保持高带宽效率的同时，协议利用子帧结构，将子帧划分到区域中; 专用于STM有效载荷传输的一个区域，专用于ATM信元传输的第二区域和专用于VL有效载荷传输的第三区域。

公开(公告)号：US5936965A

公开(公告)日：1999-08-10

申请号：US874651

申请日：1997-06-13

申请人： Bharat Tarachand Doshi ,  Subrahmanyam Dravida ,  Kotikalapudi Sriram

发明人： Bharat Tarachand Doshi ,  Subrahmanyam Dravida ,  Kotikalapudi Sriram

IPC分类号： H04J3/16 ,  H04L12/56 ,  H04Q11/04

CPC分类号： H04J3/1682 ,  H04Q11/0478 ,  H04J2203/0089 ,  H04L2012/5672

摘要： The specification relates to a system supporting the transmission of multiple protocols over a single bytestream. The multiple protocol types supported include asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) protocol data units (PDUs), synchronous transfer mode (STM) PDUs, and variable length (VL) PDUs, as well as subtypes included within the aforementioned multiple protocol types. PDUs from higher layers are processed at three intermediate protocol layers where application layer PDUs are prepared, segmented, and repacked as asynchronous block multiplexing (ABM) PDUs. ABM PDUs include a type identification field. Cyclical redundancy checks and other error detection/correction techniques are optionally supported. ABM PDUs are multiplexed within a multiple protocol bytestream. Multiple protocol bytestream support is provided between a transmitter and receiver over a plurality of mediums, including but not limited to coaxial cable, wireless, optical fiber, hybrid fiber/coax, satellite, and twisted pair. Despite the various modes, protocols, PDU lengths, and different quality of service (QOS) requirements, support is provided over a common bytestream with a common physical layer datalink in either a point-to-point or broadcast environment.

摘要翻译： 该规范涉及支持通过单个字节流传输多个协议的系统。 支持的多种协议类型包括异步传输模式（ATM）协议数据单元（PDU），同步传输模式（STM）PDU和可变长度（VL）PDU，以及包括在上述多种协议类型内的子类型。 来自较高层的PDU在三个中间协议层处理，其中应用层PDU被准备，分段和重新包装为异步块复用（ABM）PDU。 ABM PDU包括一个类型识别字段。 可选地支持循环冗余校验和其他错误检测/校正技术。 ABM PDU在多协议字节流内复用。 在多个介质上的发射机和接收机之间提供多协议字节流支持，包括但不限于同轴电缆，无线，光纤，混合光纤/同轴电缆，卫星​​和双绞线。 尽管有各种模式，协议，PDU长度以及不同的服务质量（QOS）要求，但是通过一个公共的字节流与点对点或广播环境中的通用物理层数据链路提供支持。

公开(公告)号：US06219339B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-17

申请号：US09026830

申请日：1998-02-20

申请人： Bharat Tarachand Doshi ,  Kotikalapudi Sriram ,  Yung-Terng Wang

发明人： Bharat Tarachand Doshi ,  Kotikalapudi Sriram ,  Yung-Terng Wang

IPC分类号： H04L1228

CPC分类号： H04L12/5602 ,  H04L47/32

摘要： In a packet voice system, discarding of a packet is performed as a function of previously discarded packets. In one embodiment, a packet voice system includes an ATM Adaptation Layer Type 2 (AAL2) and Service Specific Convergence Sublayer (SSCS) System. In this system, a transmission buffer stores AAL2 voice packets for transmission, each AAL2 voice packet comprising a sequence number, the values of which range from 0 to n−1, and a source identifier, k. When traffic congestion is detected, the transmitter portion of the SSCS System selectively discards one packet from a source k at the output of the transmission buffer if no packet from source k was dropped in either the last n−1 packets or over a predefined prior interval of time. Another embodiment of the invention discards packets at the input of the transmission buffer.

摘要翻译： 在分组语音系统中，根据先前丢弃的分组，执行丢弃分组。 在一个实施例中，分组语音系统包括ATM适配层类型2（AAL2）和业务特定会聚子层（SSCS）系统。 在该系统中，发送缓冲器存储用于发送的AAL2语音分组，每个AAL2语音分组包括序列号，其值范围从0到n-1，源标识符k。 当检测到交通拥堵时，如果在最后的n-1个分组中没有丢弃来自源k的分组，或者超过预定的先前间隔，则SSCS系统的发射机部分选择性地丢弃来自发射缓冲器输出端的源k的一个分组 的时间。 本发明的另一实施例在发送缓冲器的输入处丢弃分组。

公开(公告)号：US06674744B1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-06

申请号：US09158693

申请日：1998-09-22

申请人： Bharat Tarachand Doshi ,  Enrique Hernandez-Valencia ,  Kotikalapudi Sriram ,  Yung-Terng Wang ,  On-Ching Yue

发明人： Bharat Tarachand Doshi ,  Enrique Hernandez-Valencia ,  Kotikalapudi Sriram ,  Yung-Terng Wang ,  On-Ching Yue

IPC分类号： H04L1266

CPC分类号： H04L45/302 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/50 ,  H04L47/10 ,  H04L47/16 ,  H04L47/193 ,  H04L47/2416 ,  H04L69/16 ,  H04L69/161 ,  H04L69/164 ,  H04L69/22

摘要： The specification relates to a device and method utilized for packaging voice data (and other delay critical ‘connection’ or ‘flow’ type application data) for point-to-point transport from one Packet Circuit Gateway (PCG) to a second PCG over Label Switching Routers (LSRs) within an Internet Protocol (IP) network; the beneficial aspects of the packaging format being: (i) a reduced overhead requirement when compared to conventional IP telephony due to inclusion of a switching label in lieu of an appended IP header, thereby increasing network bandwidth efficiency, and (ii) the increased transport speed associated with layer two label switching when compared to layer three forwarding.

摘要翻译： 本说明书涉及一种用于将语音数据（和其他延迟关键的“连接”或“流”类型的应用数据）从一个分组电路网关（PCG）到标签上的第二个PCG的点对点传输打包的设备和方法 互联网协议（IP）网络中的交换路由器（LSR）; 封装格式的有益方面是：（i）与常规IP电话相比，由于包含交换标签代替附加的IP报头，从而降低了网络带宽效率，并且（ii）增加的传输 与第三层转发相比，与第二层标签交换相关联的速度。

公开(公告)号：US06529499B1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-04

申请号：US09158694

申请日：1998-09-22

申请人： Bharat Tarachand Doshi ,  Enrique Hernandez-Valencia ,  Kotikalapudi Sriram ,  Yung-Terng Wang ,  On-Ching Yue

发明人： Bharat Tarachand Doshi ,  Enrique Hernandez-Valencia ,  Kotikalapudi Sriram ,  Yung-Terng Wang ,  On-Ching Yue

IPC分类号： H04L1266

CPC分类号： H04L65/1043 ,  H04L12/4641 ,  H04L29/06027 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/502 ,  H04L47/15 ,  H04L47/2416 ,  H04L47/70 ,  H04L47/781 ,  H04L47/801 ,  H04L47/805 ,  H04L47/822 ,  H04L47/825 ,  H04L65/80 ,  H04M7/006 ,  H04Q3/0025 ,  H04Q3/0066 ,  H04Q2213/13166 ,  H04Q2213/13176 ,  H04Q2213/13196 ,  H04Q2213/13204 ,  H04Q2213/1325 ,  H04Q2213/13332 ,  H04Q2213/13337 ,  H04Q2213/13349 ,  H04Q2213/13352 ,  H04Q2213/13384 ,  H04Q2213/13389 ,  H04Q2213/13399

摘要： A quality of service guarantee for voice and other delay sensitive transmissions within an Internet Protocol (IP) network is provided by identifying the IP network path utilized for IP packet transmission between source and destination edge devices and virtually provisioning IP network path bandwidth for priority voice traffic. Priority for voice packets and admission control of new voice calls (and other delay sensitive traffic) based on the remaining available capacity over the IP network path guarantees that high priority voice (and other delay sensitive traffic) meet stringent delay requirements. A Virtual Provisioning Server is utilized to maintain bandwidth capacity data for each path segment within the IP network and to forward the bandwidth capacity data to a Signaling Gateway. The Signaling Gateway determines whether to accept or reject an additional delay sensitive traffic component based upon available bandwidth capacity for an IP network path. The Signaling Gateway then signals the originating source edge device as to its determination to accept or reject. Quality of Service guarantees concerning acceptable delay and jitter characteristics for real-time transmission over an IP network are therefore provided without the need to directly signal the individual IP routers over which an IP network path is established.

摘要翻译： 通过识别用于源和目的地边缘设备之间的IP分组传输的IP网络路径，并为优先级语音流量虚拟地提供IP网络路径带宽，来提供因特网协议（IP）网络中的语音和其他延迟敏感传输的服务质量保证 。 基于IP网络路径上的剩余可用容量，语音分组和新语音呼叫（以及其他延迟敏感业务）的优先级保证高优先级语音（和其他延迟敏感业务）满足严格的延迟要求。 虚拟配置服务器用于维护IP网络内每个路径段的带宽容量数据，并将带宽容量数据转发到信令网关。 信令网关基于IP网络路径的可用带宽容量来确定是接受还是拒绝附加的延迟敏感的业务组件。 然后，信令网关就发信源边缘设备向其接受或拒绝的确定信号。 因此，提供了关于通过IP网络进行实时传输的可接受延迟和抖动特性的服务质量保证，而不需要直接通知建立IP网络路径的各个IP路由器。

公开(公告)号：US5570355A

公开(公告)日：1996-10-29

申请号：US340927

申请日：1994-11-17

申请人： James E. Dail ,  Chia-Chang Li ,  Peter D. Magill ,  Kotikalapudi Sriram ,  Norman A. Whitaker, Jr.

发明人： James E. Dail ,  Chia-Chang Li ,  Peter D. Magill ,  Kotikalapudi Sriram ,  Norman A. Whitaker, Jr.

IPC分类号： H04J3/16 ,  H04J3/00 ,  H04J3/17 ,  H04L12/56 ,  H04L12/64 ,  H04Q11/04

CPC分类号： H04Q11/0478 ,  H04L12/6418 ,  H04J2203/0069 ,  H04J2203/0089 ,  H04L2012/5632 ,  H04L2012/5672 ,  H04L2012/6421 ,  H04L2012/6427 ,  H04L2012/644 ,  H04L2012/6448 ,  H04L2012/6462 ,  H04L2012/6486

摘要： STM traffic, e.g. voice and video telephony (VT), as well as packet mode (e.g. ATM) traffic, e.g. broadcast digital video, interactive television, and data, are transmitted via a multiple access broadband fiber/coaxial cable network. Customer premises equipment (CPE) at stations, and a bandwidth controller, which may be at a head end or central office, with which all stations communicate, work together to adapt to the changing demands of the traffic mix, and efficiently allocate bandwidth to a variety of bursty and isochronous traffic sources. The bandwidth allocation defines two types of time slots, STM and ATM, and divides each frame into two corresponding STM and ATM regions. The boundary between the regions can be changed dynamically. A contention access signaling channel is provided in the STM region, for call control and set-up requests. Within the STM region, the time slots can be of variable length and be allocated on a per call basis; the length of the time slots is proportional to the bandwidth requirement of STM calls. Within the ATM region, the time slots are of fixed length, each capable of accommodating one ATM cell. Further, the fixed length ATM time slots may be reserved for a particular user for the duration of a call, or may be shared through a contention process. At least one contention ATM time slot is always made available for signaling messages related to ATM call control and set-up requests. The downstream time frame is structured in a similar manner, but includes an additional MAP field to transmit to the stations ATM time slot allocation and status information for time slots in the upstream channel.

摘要翻译： STM业务，例如 语音和视频电话（VT），以及分组模式（例如ATM）业务，例如。 广播数字视频，交互式电视和数据通过多址宽带光纤/同轴电缆网络传输。 站点的客户端设备（CPE）以及可能位于所有站点通信的前端或中心局的带宽控制器，一起工作以适应流量混合的不断变化的需求，并且有效地将带宽分配给 各种突发和同步流量来源。 带宽分配定义了两种类型的时隙STM和ATM，并将每个帧划分为两个对应的STM和ATM区域。 区域之间的边界可以动态变化。 在STM区域中提供争用接入信令信道，用于呼叫控制和建立请求。 在STM区域内，时隙可以是可变长度，并且按每个呼叫分配; 时隙的长度与STM呼叫的带宽要求成比例。 在ATM区域内，时隙是固定长度的，每个时隙可容纳一个ATM信元。 此外，固定长度的ATM时隙可以在呼叫期间为特定用户保留，或者可以通过争用过程共享。 总是使至少一个争用ATM时隙可用于与ATM呼叫控制和建立请求有关的信令消息。 下游时间帧以类似的方式构成，但是包括附加的MAP字段，用于向站中的ATM时隙分配和上行信道中的时隙的状态信息进行发送。

公开(公告)号：US06282196B1

公开(公告)日：2001-08-28

申请号：US08900000

申请日：1997-07-24

申请人： Terry Gregory Lyons ,  Kotikalapudi Sriram ,  Yung-Terng Wang

发明人： Terry Gregory Lyons ,  Kotikalapudi Sriram ,  Yung-Terng Wang

IPC分类号： H04L1256

CPC分类号： H04Q11/0478 ,  H04L2012/5656 ,  H04L2012/5671 ,  H04L2012/5681

摘要： In a packet voice system, a dynamic build-out delay approach in a receiver during the duration of a call. In particular, the build-out delay is applied at least twice during the duration of the call. In one embodiment, a packet voice system includes an ATM Adaptation Layer Type 2 (AAL-2) and Service Specific Convergence Sublayer (SSCS) System. The receiver portion of the SSCS System recovers AAL-2 packets and plays back the compressed audio to a voice decoding element. In providing playback, the receiver applies the build-out delay at the start of each talk-spurt. The voice decoding element provides an uncompressed audio stream. In another embodiment, the receiver portion of the SSCS System applies the build-out delay at the start of the each talk-spurt as a function of the length of the previous silence interval.

摘要翻译： 在分组语音系统中，在呼叫期间在接收机中的动态建立延迟方法。 特别地，在呼叫期间，建立延迟至少应用两次。 在一个实施例中，分组语音系统包括ATM适配层类型2（AAL-2）和服务特定会聚子层（SSCS）系统。 SSCS系统的接收器部分恢复AAL-2数据包，并将压缩音频回放到语音解码元素。 在提供播放时，接收机将在每次通话突发开始时应用建立延迟。 语音解码元件提供未压缩音频流。 在另一个实施例中，SSCS系统的接收机部分根据先前的静默间隔的长度，在每个通话突发的开始处施加建立延迟。

公开(公告)号：US20130302033A1

公开(公告)日：2013-11-14

申请号：US13944401

申请日：2013-07-17

申请人： Kotikalapudi Sriram ,  Mukul Katiyar ,  Jonathan Titchener ,  Rajender Rao Nednur ,  Anthony Vernon Walker Smith

发明人： Kotikalapudi Sriram ,  Mukul Katiyar ,  Jonathan Titchener ,  Rajender Rao Nednur ,  Anthony Vernon Walker Smith

IPC分类号： H04Q11/00

CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 ,  H04J14/0221 ,  H04J14/0246 ,  H04J14/0257 ,  H04J14/0267 ,  H04J14/0269 ,  H04J14/0283 ,  H04J14/0284

摘要： In an automatically switched optical network, the wavelengths are assigned to optical path based on their intrinsic physical performance and on the current network operating parameters. The wavelength performance information is organized in binning tables, based primarily on the wavelength reach capabilities. A network topology database provides the distance between the nodes of the network, which is used to determine the length of the optical path. Other network operating parameters needed for wavelength selection are also available in this database. Once a bin corresponding to the path length is identified in the binning table, the wavelength for that path is selected based on length only, or based on the length and one or more additional parameters. The optical path performance is estimated for the selected wavelength, and the search continues if the estimated path performance is not satisfactory. Several available wavelengths are searched and of those, the wavelength that is most used along the optical path in consideration or alternatively network-wide is selected and assigned. This method helps minimize wavelength fragmentation. The binning tables may have various granularities, and may be organized by reach, or by reach, wavelength spacing, the load on the respective optical path, the fiber type, etc.

摘要翻译： 在自动切换光网络中，根据其固有物理性能和当前网络运行参数将波长分配给光路。 波长性能信息主要基于波长到达能力组织在合并表中。 网络拓扑数据库提供网络节点之间的距离，用于确定光路长度。 波长选择所需的其他网络运行参数也可在此数据库中使用。 一旦在分箱表中识别出对应于路径长度的仓，则该路径的波长仅基于长度，或者基于长度和一个或多个附加参数来选择。 对于所选择的波长估计光路性能，如果估计的路径性能不令人满意，则搜索继续。 搜索几种可用的波长，并且选择和分配在考虑中或最广泛的光路中最常使用的波长。 该方法有助于最小化波长碎片。 分箱表可以具有各种粒度，并且可以通过到达或到达波长间隔，各个光路上的负载，光纤类型等来组织。