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1.发明授权Calixarene crown ether solvent composition and use thereof for extraction of cesium from alkaline waste solutions 失效杯芳烃冠醚溶剂组合物及其用于从碱性废溶液中萃取铯的用途公开(公告)号：US06174503B1
公开(公告)日：2001-01-16
申请号：US09146800
申请日：1998-09-03
IPC分类号： C22B2610
CPC分类号： C22B3/002 , C22B26/10 , Y02P10/234
摘要： A solvent composition and corresponding method for extracting cesium (Cs) from aqueous neutral and alkaline solutions containing Cs and perhaps other competing metal ions is described. The method entails contacting an aqueous Cs-containing solution with a solvent consisting of a specific class of lipophilic calix[4]arene-crown ether extractants dissolved in a hydrocarbon-based diluent containing a specific class of alkyl-aromatic ether alcohols as modifiers. The cesium values are subsequently recovered from the extractant, and the solvent subsequently recycled, by contacting the Cs-containing organic solution with an aqueous stripping solution. This combined extraction and stripping method is especially useful as a process for removal of the radionuclide cesium-137 from highly alkaline waste solutions which are also very concentrated in sodium and potassium. No pre-treatment of the waste solution is necessary, and the cesium can be recovered using a safe and inexpensive stripping process using water, dilute (millimolar) acid solutions, or dilute (millimolar) salt solutions. An important application for this invention would be treatment of alkaline nuclear tank wastes. Alternatively, the invention could be applied to decontamination of acidic reprocessing wastes containing cesium-137.
摘要翻译： 描述了从含有Cs和可能的其它竞争性金属离子的中性和碱性溶液中提取铯（Cs）的溶剂组成和相应方法。 该方法需要使含水的含Cs溶液与溶解在含有特定类别的烷基 - 芳族醚醇作为改性剂的烃基稀释剂中的特定类别的亲油性杯[4]芳烃 - 冠醚萃取剂组成的溶剂接触。 随后从萃取剂中回收铯值，然后通过使含Cs的有机溶液与水性剥离溶液接触，随后再循环溶剂。 这种组合萃取和汽提方法特别适用于从高碱性废液中去除铯-137的方法，该方法也非常浓缩在钠和钾中。 不需要对废溶液进行预处理，并且可以使用水，稀（毫摩尔）酸溶液或稀（毫摩尔）盐溶液，使用安全且廉价的汽提方法回收铯。 本发明的重要应用是碱性核罐废物的处理。 或者，本发明可以应用于含有铯-137的酸性再处理废物的去污。
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公开(公告)号：US5443731A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-22
申请号：US278211
申请日：1994-07-21
CPC分类号： C01G99/003 , C22B3/002 , C22B61/00 , G21C19/46 , Y02P10/234 , Y02W30/883
摘要： A process for extracting technetium values from an aqueous alkaline solution containing at least one alkali metal hydroxide and at least one alkali metal nitrate, the at least one alkali metal nitrate having a concentration of from about 0.1 to 6 molar. The solution is contacted with a solvent consisting of a crown ether in a diluent for a period of time sufficient to selectively extract the technetium values from the aqueous alkaline solution. The solvent containing the technetium values is separated from the aqueous alkaline solution and the technetium values are stripped from the solvent.
摘要翻译： 一种从含有至少一种碱金属氢氧化物和至少一种碱金属硝酸盐的碱性水溶液提取锝值的方法，所述至少一种碱金属硝酸盐的浓度为约0.1至6摩尔。 将溶液与由稀释剂中的冠醚组成的溶剂接触足以从碱性水溶液中选择性提取锝值的时间。 将含有锝值的溶剂与碱性水溶液分离，并将锝值从溶剂中汽提。
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公开(公告)号：US06566561B1
公开(公告)日：2003-05-20
申请号：US09703899
申请日：2000-11-02
IPC分类号： C07C3138
CPC分类号： C22B3/002 , C22B26/10 , Y02P10/234
摘要： The invention relates to a class of phenoxy fluoro-alcohols, their preparation, and their use as phase modifiers and solvating agents in a solvent composition for the extraction of cesium from alkaline solutions. These phenoxy fluoro-alcohols comply with the formula: in which n=2 to 4; X represents a hydrogen or a fluorine atom, and R2-R6 are hydrogen or alkyl substituents. These phenoxy fluoro-alcohol phase modifiers are a necessary component to a robust solvent composition and process useful for the removal of radioactive cesium from alkaline nuclear waste streams. The fluoro-alcohols can also be used in solvents designed to extract other cesium from acidic or neutral solutions.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一类苯氧基氟代醇，其制备方法，以及它们在用于从碱性溶液中萃取铯的溶剂组合物中作为相改性剂和溶剂化剂的用途。 这些苯氧基氟醇符合以下通式：其中n = 2至4; X表示氢或氟原子，R2-R6是氢或烷基取代基。 这些苯氧基氟 - 醇相改性剂是用于从碱性核废料流中除去放射性铯的强大的溶剂组成和方法的必要组分。 氟醇也可以用于从酸性或中性溶液中萃取其他铯的溶剂中。
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公开(公告)号：US6086769A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-11
申请号：US929078
申请日：1997-09-15
CPC分类号： B01D61/246 , B01D61/38 , B01D63/04 , G21C19/46 , G21F9/12 , Y02W30/883
摘要： The present invention comprises a supported liquid membrane carrier liquid with a dielectric constant between approximately 20 and 32, more particularly between 22 and 28, and preferably about 24, and the use of that carrier liquid in a supported liquid membrane device to extract one or more chemical species from a feed liquid. The invention further comprises such a device where a temperature gradient is maintained between any of the feed, carrier, or strip liquids. In another embodiment of the invention, any of the feed, carrier, or strip liquids are conditioned, for example, by passing the liquids through a purifier, or replacing lost carrier liquid. In another embodiment of the invention, two or more devices are connected in series or parallel.
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公开(公告)号：US06322702B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-27
申请号：US09404104
申请日：1999-09-23
IPC分类号： B01D1100
CPC分类号： B01D11/0492 , C22B3/0009 , C22B26/10 , Y02P10/234
摘要： Hydroxide values and associated alkali metal may be recovered from alkaline aqueous solutions using classes of fluorinated alcohols in a water immiscible solvent. The alcohols are characterized by fluorine substituents which are proximal to the acidic alcohol protons and are located to adjust the acidity of the extractant and the solubility of the extractant in the solvent. A method for stripping the extractant and solvent to regenerate the extractant and purified aqueous hydroxide solution is described.
摘要翻译： 氢氧化物值和相关的碱金属可以使用在水不混溶溶剂中的氟化醇类从碱性水溶液中回收。 醇的特征在于氟取代基，其邻近酸性醇质子并且位于调节萃取剂的酸度和萃取剂在溶剂中的溶解度。 描述了用于汽提萃取剂和溶剂以再生萃取剂和纯化的氢氧化水溶液的方法。
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6.发明授权Bifunctional anion-exchange resins with improved selectivity and exchange kinetics 失效双功能阴离子交换树脂，具有改进的选择性和交换动力学
公开(公告)号：US6059975A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-09
申请号：US922198
申请日：1997-09-02
CPC分类号： C02F1/42 , B01J41/043 , B01J41/14 , C08F8/32 , C08F8/44 , C08F2810/20
摘要： Disclosed herein are a class of anion exchange resins containing two different exchange sites with improved selectivity and sorptive capability for chemical species in solution, such as heptavalent technetium (as pertechnetate anion, TcO.sub.4.sup.-). The resins are prepared by first reacting haloalkylated crosslinked copolymer beads with a large tertiary amine in a solvent in which the resin beads can swell, followed by reaction with a second, smaller, tertiary amine to more fully complete the functionalization of the resin. The resins have enhanced selectivity, capacity, and exchange kinetics.
摘要翻译： 本文公开了一类含有两个不同交换位点的阴离子交换树脂，其具有改进的溶液中化学物质的选择性和吸附能力，例如七价锝（如高锝酸盐阴离子，TcO4-）。 树脂通过首先使卤代烷基化交联共聚物珠与大叔胺在其中树脂珠可以溶胀的溶剂中反应，然后与第二个较小的叔胺反应以更充分地完成树脂的官能化来制备。 树脂具有增强的选择性，容量和交换动力学。
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7.发明授权Extractant compositions for co-extracting cesium and strontium, a method of separating cesium and strontium from an aqueous feed, and calixarene compounds 失效共萃取铯和锶的萃取剂组合物，从含水原料中分离铯和锶的方法和杯芳烃化合物公开(公告)号：US08158088B2
公开(公告)日：2012-04-17
申请号：US12268189
申请日：2008-11-10
申请人： Dean R. Peterman , David H. Meikrantz , Jack D. Law , Catherine L. Riddle , Terry A. Todd , Mitchell R. Greenhalgh , Richard D. Tillotson , Richard A. Bartsch , Bruce A. Moyer , Laetitia H. Delmau , Peter V. Bonnesen
发明人： Dean R. Peterman , David H. Meikrantz , Jack D. Law , Catherine L. Riddle , Terry A. Todd , Mitchell R. Greenhalgh , Richard D. Tillotson , Richard A. Bartsch , Bruce A. Moyer , Laetitia H. Delmau , Peter V. Bonnesen
IPC分类号： B01D11/00
CPC分类号： C07D323/00 , C07C43/23
摘要： A mixed extractant solvent that includes at least one dialkyloxycalix[4]arenebenzocrown-6 compound, 4′,4′,(5′)-di-(t-butyldicyclohexano)-18-crown-6, at least one modifier, and, optionally, a diluent. The dialkyloxycalix[4]arenebenzocrown-6 compound is 1,3-alternate-25,27-di(octyloxy)calix[4]arenebenzocrown-6, 1,3-alternate-25,27-di(decyloxy)calix[4]arenebenzocrown-6, 1,3-alternate-25,27-di(dodecyloxy)calix[4]arenebenzocrown-6, 1,3-alternate-25,27-di(2-ethylhexyl-1-oxy)calix[4]arenebenzocrown-6, 1,3-alternate-25,27-di(3,7-dimethyloctyl-1-oxy)calix[4]arenebenzocrown-6, 1,3-alternate-25,27-di(4-butyloctyl-1-oxy)calix[4]arenebenzocrown-6, or combinations thereof. The modifier is a primary alcohol. A method of separating cesium and strontium from an aqueous feed is also disclosed, as are dialkyloxycalix[4]arenebenzocrown-6 compounds and an alcohol modifier.
摘要翻译： 包含至少一种二烷氧基钙[4]芳基苯并呋喃-6化合物，4'，4'，（5'） - 二 - （叔丁基二环己基）-18-冠-6的混合萃取剂溶剂，至少一种改性剂， 任选地，稀释剂。 二烷氧基钙[4]芳烃基苯并呋喃-6化合物是1,3-交替的25,27-二（辛氧基）杯[4]芳烃基苯并噻唑-6，1,3-交替的25,27-二（癸氧基）杯[4] 芳族苯并茂-6，1,3-交替的25,27-二（十二烷氧基）杯[4]芳烃基苯并茂-6，1,3-交替的25,27-二（2-乙基己基-1-氧）杯[4] （3,7-二甲基辛基-1-氧基）杯[4]芳烃基苯并呋喃-6,1,3交替的25,27-二（4-丁基辛基 - 1-氧基）杯[4]芳烃基苯并呋喃-6或其组合。 改性剂是伯醇。 还公开了一种从含水原料中分离铯和锶的方法，二烷基氧基钙[4]芳烃基苯并呋喃-6化合物和醇改性剂也是如此。
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8.发明授权Regeneration of strong-base anion-exchange resins by sequential chemical displacement 有权通过连续化学位移再生强碱阴离子交换树脂公开(公告)号：US06448299B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-10
申请号：US09491242
申请日：2000-01-25
申请人： Gilbert M. Brown , Baohua Gu , Bruce A. Moyer , Peter V. Bonnesen
发明人： Gilbert M. Brown , Baohua Gu , Bruce A. Moyer , Peter V. Bonnesen
IPC分类号： B01J4900
CPC分类号： B01J49/57
摘要： A method for regenerating strong-base anion exchange resins utilizing a sequential chemical displacement technique with new regenerant formulation. The new first regenerant solution is composed of a mixture of ferric chloride, a water-miscible organic solvent, hydrochloric acid, and water in which tetrachloroferrate anion is formed and used to displace the target anions on the resin. The second regenerant is composed of a dilute hydrochloric acid and is used to decompose tetrachloroferrate and elute ferric ions, thereby regenerating the resin. Alternative chemical displacement methods include: (1) displacement of target anions with fluoroborate followed by nitrate or salicylate and (2) displacement of target anions with salicylate followed by dilute hydrochloric acid. The methodology offers an improved regeneration efficiency, recovery, and waste minimization over the conventional displacement technique using sodium chloride (or a brine) or alkali metal hydroxide.
摘要翻译： 利用具有新的再生剂配方的连续化学位移技术再生强碱阴离子交换树脂的方法。 新的第一再生剂溶液由氯化铁，水混溶性有机溶剂，盐酸和水的混合物组成，其中形成四氯铁酸盐阴离子并用于置换树脂上的目标阴离子。 第二再生剂由稀盐酸组成，用于分解四氯铁酸盐并洗脱三价铁离子，从而再生树脂。 替代化学位移方法包括：（1）用氟硼酸盐，硝酸盐或水杨酸盐置换目标阴离子，和（2）用水杨酸盐置换目标阴离子，然后用稀盐酸置换。 与使用氯化钠（或盐水）或碱金属氢氧化物的常规置换技术相比，该方法提供了改进的再生效率，回收率和废物最小化。
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公开(公告)号：US6096217A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-01
申请号：US251087
申请日：1999-02-16
CPC分类号： B01D61/246 , B01D61/38 , B01D63/04 , G21C19/46 , G21F9/12 , Y02W30/883
摘要： The present invention comprises a supported liquid membrane carrier liquid with a dielectric constant between approximately 20 and 32, more particularly between 22 and 28, and preferably about 24, and the use of that carrier liquid in a supported liquid membrane device to extract one or more chemical species from a feed liquid. The invention further comprises such a device where a temperature gradient is maintained between any of the feed, carrier, or strip liquids. In another embodiment of the invention, any of the feed, carrier, or strip liquids are conditioned, for example, by passing the liquids through a purifier, or replacing lost carrier liquid. In another embodiment of the invention, two or more devices are connected in series or parallel.
摘要翻译： 本发明包括介电常数在约20和32之间，更具体地在22和28之间，优选约24的载体液膜载体液体，并且在载体液膜装置中使用该载液提取一种或多种 来自饲料液体的化学物质。 本发明还包括这样的装置，其中在任何进料，载体或带状液体之间保持温度梯度。 在本发明的另一个实施方案中，任何进料，载体或带状液体被调节，例如通过使液体通过净化器或替换丢失的载体液体。 在本发明的另一个实施例中，两个或更多个装置串联或并联连接。
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10.发明授权公开(公告)号：US11365463B2
公开(公告)日：2022-06-21
申请号：US16781635
申请日：2020-02-04
申请人： Orlando Rios , Hunter B. Henderson , Michael S. Kesler , Bruce A. Moyer , Zachary Sims , David Weiss , Ryan Ott , Corby Anderson , Hao Cui , Scott McCall
发明人： Orlando Rios , Hunter B. Henderson , Michael S. Kesler , Bruce A. Moyer , Zachary Sims , David Weiss , Ryan Ott , Corby Anderson , Hao Cui , Scott McCall
摘要： The disclosure concerns methods for making a composition comprising a light metal and an intermetallic comprising the light metal and a light rare earth element. The composition also may include a plurality of nanoparticles comprising an oxide of the light metal. The method includes directly reducing a light rare earth element precursor compound in a melt of the light metal, thereby forming the light rare earth element and nanoparticles of the light metal oxide.
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