公开(公告)号：US5258791A

公开(公告)日：1993-11-02

申请号：US557263

申请日：1990-07-24

申请人： Carl M. Penney ,  Robert H. Webb ,  Jerome J. Tiemann ,  Keith P. Thompson

发明人： Carl M. Penney ,  Robert H. Webb ,  Jerome J. Tiemann ,  Keith P. Thompson

IPC分类号： A61B3/103 ,  A61B3/14 ,  A61B3/10

CPC分类号： A61B3/103 ,  A61B3/14

摘要： A spatially resolved map of the eye's refractive characteristics are provided by measuring the eye's refractive characteristics on a point-by-point basis across the anterior surface of the eye. This spatially resolved refraction data may be obtained subjectively by providing a reference pattern and a measurement beam, by establishing a particular position on the cornea as the location to be measured and manipulating the orientation of the measurement beam at that measurement point to bring the measurement beam to a desired position relative to the reference image. When the patient indicates that the measurement beam is in the desired position relative to the reference pattern, the orientation of the beam is recorded as the refractive data for that measurement point and the process proceeds to another measurement point. This provides relatively rapid, physiologically accurate refractive data on a spatially resolved basis. Alternatively, this spatially resolved refraction data may be obtained objectively by independently controlling the position and orientation of a measurement beam and using a feedback null system to determine the refractive characteristics. This enables rapid, automatic non-subjective determination of the refractive characteristics of the eye and thereby provides the ability to provide improved correction of the eye. This spatially resolved refraction information enables spatially resolved correction of vision by spatially resolved shaping of the anterior surface of the eye.

摘要翻译： 通过在眼睛的前表面上逐点测量眼睛的折射特性来提供眼睛折射特性的空间分辨图。 可以通过提供参考图案和测量光束来主观地获得该空间分辨折射数据，通过在角膜上建立特定位置作为要测量的位置并操纵测量光束在该测量点处的取向以使测量光束 到相对于参考图像的期望位置。 当患者指示测量光束相对于参考图案处于期望位置时，光束的取向被记录为该测量点的折射数据，并且该过程进行到另一个测量点。 这在空间分辨的基础上提供相对快速的，生理学上准确的折射数据。 或者，可以通过独立地控制测量光束的位置和取向并使用反馈零系统来确定折射特性，从而客观地获得该空间分辨折射数据。 这使得能够快速，自动地非主观地确定眼睛的折射特性，从而提供改善眼睛矫正的能力。 这种空间分辨的折射信息能够通过眼睛前表面的空间分辨成形来进行空间分辨的视觉校正。

公开(公告)号：US5214455A

公开(公告)日：1993-05-25

申请号：US677902

申请日：1991-04-01

申请人： Carl M. Penney ,  Keith P. Thompson ,  Robert H. Webb

发明人： Carl M. Penney ,  Keith P. Thompson ,  Robert H. Webb

IPC分类号： A61B3/11 ,  A61B3/12

CPC分类号： A61B3/11 ,  A61B3/111 ,  A61B3/1225

摘要： Eye alignment is determined by producing a combined iris/retinal image by use of an imaging system. The relative position of the centroid of the pupil and various structures on the retina is indicative of the eye alignment. The eye alignment may be determined by comparing a combined iris/retinal image at the present time with a stored iris/retinal image at a past time. The imaging system may be a laser scanning ophthalmoscope.

摘要翻译： 通过使用成像系统产生组合的虹膜/视网膜图像来确定眼睛对准。 瞳孔和各种结构的质心在视网膜上的相对位置表示眼睛对准。 可以通过将当前时间的组合的虹膜/视网膜图像与过去时间的存储的虹膜/视网膜图像进行比较来确定眼睛对准。 成像系统可以是激光扫描检眼镜。

公开(公告)号：US4081215A

公开(公告)日：1978-03-28

申请号：US687558

申请日：1976-05-18

申请人： Carl M. Penney ,  Marshall Lapp

发明人： Carl M. Penney ,  Marshall Lapp

IPC分类号： G01J3/44 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G01J5/60 ,  G01N21/65 ,  G01J5/48

CPC分类号： G01J3/12

摘要： An instrument to make simultaneous accurate measurements of the intensity of light in each of two (or more) spectral channels using a single interference filter employs mirrors or prisms to break up the observed light beam into two (or more) beams, propagating in slightly different directions. The angle dependence of the filter spectral passband provides two distinct spectral channels which are focused onto separate detector elements. Advantages of this instrument are illustrated by its application for remote point Raman temperature measurements in hot gases.

摘要翻译： 使用单个干涉滤光片同时精确测量两个（或多个）光谱通道中的每一个中的光强度的仪器使用反射镜或棱镜将观察到的光束分解成两个（或多个）光束，以稍微不同的方式传播 方向。 滤波器光谱通带的角度依赖性提供了两个截然不同的光谱通道，它们聚焦在分离的检测器元件上。 该仪器的优点通过其在热气体中的远程点拉曼温度测量的应用来说明。

公开(公告)号：US4996693A

公开(公告)日：1991-02-26

申请号：US376096

申请日：1989-07-06

申请人： Allen W. Case, Jr. ,  Carl M. Penney

发明人： Allen W. Case, Jr. ,  Carl M. Penney

IPC分类号： H01S3/05 ,  H01S3/06 ,  H01S3/083 ,  H01S3/092

CPC分类号： H01S3/0602

摘要： An input/output port for a lasing medium to minimize wavefront distortion of a coherent light beam is described. The input/output port includes an end surface integral the medium and a first port surface integral the end surface. The first port surface is substantially perpendicular to a plane normal to the longitudinal axis extending through the medium so that each ray of a beam of coherent electromagnetic radiation lying in a plane of a thickness of the beam may impinge on the port surface at a substantially equal angle with respect to reference planes normal to the port surface at the points of impingement.

公开(公告)号：US4777769A

公开(公告)日：1988-10-18

申请号：US37663

申请日：1987-04-13

申请人： Michael H. McLaughlin ,  Carl M. Penney

发明人： Michael H. McLaughlin ,  Carl M. Penney

IPC分类号： B24B49/12 ,  B24B49/00

CPC分类号： B24B49/12

摘要： Automated grinding is performed using a tracking means having a sufficient field of view to locate edges to be processed and using a high resolution profiler in order to provide grinding information for calculation of the amount of material which should be removed from the workpiece. Those sections of the workpiece not requiring additional grinding may be traversed at a high speed in order to improve productivity. A process control computer receives grinding information from the tracking means and high resolution profiler and uses it to control a manipulator to adjust the travel speed of the grinder, force with which a grinder is applied, position of the grinder, and/or speed of rotation of the grinder in order to remove the correct amount of material from a workpiece. The technique is especially advantageous in removing excess material, burrs, nicks, chips and other minor irregularities in workpieces. A second profiler may be used to check that the grinder has properly ground portions of the workpiece. The tracking means and the profilers are flying spot laser profilers. The technique can accommodate either force-control or position-control grinding.

摘要翻译： 使用具有足够视野的跟踪装置来定位自动磨削，以定位要处理的边缘并使用高分辨率轮廓仪，以便提供用于计算应从工件移除的材料量的磨削信息。 可以高速地穿过不需要额外磨削的工件的那些部分，以提高生产率。 过程控制计算机从跟踪装置和高分辨率轮廓仪接收研磨信息，并使用它来控制操纵器来调节研磨机的行进速度，施加磨床的力，研磨机的位置和/或旋转速度 的研磨机，以便从工件中去除正确数量的材料。 该技术在去除工件中的多余材料，毛刺，切口，切屑和其它小的不规则性方面特别有利。 可以使用第二轮廓仪来检查研磨机是否具有适当的工件接地部分。 跟踪装置和分析仪是飞点激光分析仪。 该技术可以适应力控制或位置控制磨削。

公开(公告)号：US5399866A

公开(公告)日：1995-03-21

申请号：US36573

申请日：1993-03-24

申请人： Sandra F. Feldman ,  Carl M. Penney

发明人： Sandra F. Feldman ,  Carl M. Penney

IPC分类号： G01N21/64

CPC分类号： G01N21/648 ,  G01N2021/6484

摘要： An imaging system responsive to focused laser light includes a focusing lens for focusing the laser light and a mirror having a reflective side, a non-reflective side, and a hole for passing a predetermined portion of the laser light from the focusing lens through the non-reflective side. A fiber probe excites and couples fluorescence from an analyte. The fiber probe has a fiber front face for receiving laser light through the hole and for directing the fluorescence to the reflective side of the mirror. Optical devices for imaging the portion of the fluorescence reflected by the mirror to form an image of the fiber front face are provided, as well as an optical stop having an aperture in the image plane of the imaging means for reducing undesired light from the imaging means before reaching a detector. The mirror is angled for directing substantially all fluorescence from the the fiber probe into the imaging means rather than back toward the fiber probe.

摘要翻译： 响应于聚焦激光的成像系统包括用于聚焦激光的聚焦透镜和具有反射侧的反射镜，非反射侧和用于使来自聚焦透镜的激光的预定部分通过非反射侧的孔， 反光面。 纤维探针激发并耦合分析物的荧光。 光纤探头具有光纤正面，用于通过孔接收激光，并将荧光引导到反射镜的反射侧。 提供了用于对由反射镜反射以形成光纤正面的图像的部分荧光进行成像的光学装置，以及具有在成像装置的图像平面中具有孔径的光学停止件，用于减少来自成像装置的不期望的光 在到达检测器之前。 反射镜成角度，用于将基本上所有的荧光从光纤探针引导到成像装置中，而不是返回到光纤探针。

公开(公告)号：US5127364A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-07

申请号：US627120

申请日：1990-12-13

申请人： Sudhir D. Savkar ,  Carl M. Penney

发明人： Sudhir D. Savkar ,  Carl M. Penney

IPC分类号： H01L39/24

CPC分类号： H01L39/2409 ,  Y10S148/093

摘要： An apparatus for producing a tape superconductor of a compound superconductor type wherein the apparatus includes a first wire constructed of the superconducting compound material which is melted to form a bead. The bead is then wiped on a tape substrate to form a layer as the substrate is fed by the bead. Finally, the layer is cooled and a tape superconductor is formed.

摘要翻译： 一种用于生产复合超导体类型的带超导体的设备，其中所述设备包括由超导化合物材料构成的第一线，其被熔化以形成珠粒。 然后将该珠擦拭在带基材上以形成一层，因为该基材由该珠进料。 最后，将层冷却并形成带状超导体。

公开(公告)号：US4864777A

公开(公告)日：1989-09-12

申请号：US226508

申请日：1988-08-01

申请人： Michael H. McLaughlin ,  Carl M. Penney

发明人： Michael H. McLaughlin ,  Carl M. Penney

IPC分类号： B24B49/12

CPC分类号： B24B49/12

摘要： Automated grinding is performed using a tracking means having a sufficient field of view to locate edges to be processed and using a high resolution profiler in order to provide grinding information for calculation of the amount of material which should be removed from the workpiece. Those sections of the workpiece not requiring additional grinding may be traversed at a high speed in order to improve productivity. A process control computer receives grinding information from the tracking means and high resolution profiler and uses it to control a manipulator to adjust the travel speed of the grinder, force with which a grinder is applied, position of the grinder, and/or speed of rotation of the grinder in order to remove the correct amount of material from a workpiece. The technique is especially advantageous in removing excess material, burrs, nicks, chips and other minor irregularities in workpieces. A second profiler may be used to check that the grinder has properly ground portions of the workpiece. The tracking means and the profilers are flying spot laser profilers. The technique can accommodate either force-control or position-control grinding.

摘要翻译： 使用具有足够视野的跟踪装置来定位自动磨削，以定位要处理的边缘并使用高分辨率轮廓仪，以便提供用于计算应从工件移除的材料量的磨削信息。 可以高速地穿过不需要额外磨削的工件的那些部分，以提高生产率。 过程控制计算机从跟踪装置和高分辨率轮廓仪接收研磨信息，并使用它来控制操纵器来调节研磨机的行进速度，施加磨床的力，研磨机的位置和/或旋转速度 的研磨机，以便从工件中去除正确数量的材料。 该技术在去除工件中的多余材料，毛刺，切口，切屑和其它小的不规则性方面特别有利。 可以使用第二轮廓仪来检查研磨机是否具有适当的工件接地部分。 跟踪装置和分析仪是飞点激光分析仪。 该技术可以适应力控制或位置控制磨削。

公开(公告)号：US4784491A

公开(公告)日：1988-11-15

申请号：US870269

申请日：1986-06-03

申请人： Carl M. Penney ,  Richard M. Lund

发明人： Carl M. Penney ,  Richard M. Lund

IPC分类号： B23K9/32 ,  G01B11/00 ,  G01N21/15 ,  G02B27/00 ,  G01B11/24

CPC分类号： G02B27/0006 ,  B23K9/32 ,  G01B11/00 ,  G01N2021/151

摘要： An optical sensor head has deep, pitched grooves or screw threads in the walls of the gas channel, and a gas flow swirled along the grooves to protect optics against atmospheric debris and moving particles such as is generated by an industrial process. The grooves are pitched to support swirling motion of the gas. Use of swirled flow increases allowable flow velocity and diverts incoming particles toward the channel walls. The windows of an optical profiler, for instance, are protected against the smoke and weld spatter created by a metal-inert-gas welding torch.

摘要翻译： 光学传感器头部在气体通道的壁中具有深的，倾斜的凹槽或螺纹，并且沿着凹槽旋转的气流保护光学器件免受大气碎片和诸如由工业过程产生的移动的颗粒。 凹槽被倾斜以支持气体的旋转运动。 使用旋流增加允许的流速并将进入的颗粒转向通道壁。 例如，光学轮廓仪的窗口被保护免受由金属惰性气体焊枪产生的烟雾和焊接飞溅。

公开(公告)号：US4636611A

公开(公告)日：1987-01-13

申请号：US723591

申请日：1985-04-15

申请人： Carl M. Penney

发明人： Carl M. Penney

IPC分类号： B23K9/127 ,  B23K26/073 ,  G02B5/00 ,  G02B19/00 ,  B23K9/12

CPC分类号： B23K26/0734 ,  B23K26/0648 ,  B23K26/0652 ,  G02B19/0014 ,  G02B19/0047 ,  G02B5/00

摘要： The optical properties of circular prisms, which are also known as axicons, are utilized in optical systems that generate one or more quiescent, steady in time, sharply focused circular and arc-shaped patterns of light. A laser beam incident on the circular prism is deviated by the prism effect and the emerging beam focused onto a target surface by a spherical lens or zoom lens; the radius of the circle is conveniently adjusted. Systems with stationary optics are described to efficiently form two concentric, uniform circles, or two offset circular or approximately circular arcs, from input beams derived from one or two lasers. These structured light patterns are used in tracking an edge or groove, for instance to locate the workpiece joint in robotic arc welding.

摘要翻译： 圆形棱镜的光学性质也被称为axicons，被用于产生一个或多个静态，稳定的时间，尖锐聚焦的圆形和弧形图案的光学系统中。 入射在圆棱镜上的激光束被棱镜效应偏离，出射光束通过球面透镜或变焦透镜聚焦在目标表面上; 方便地调节圆的半径。 描述了具有固定光学系统的系统，以从源自一个或两个激光器的输入光束有效地形成两个同心的均匀圆，或两个偏移的圆形或近似圆弧。 这些结构化光图案用于跟踪边缘或凹槽，例如将工件接头定位在机器人电弧焊接中。