公开(公告)号：US5515377A

公开(公告)日：1996-05-07

申请号：US113788

申请日：1993-09-02

申请人： Caspar Horne ,  Amy R. Reibman

发明人： Caspar Horne ,  Amy R. Reibman

IPC分类号： H04L12/801 ,  H04L12/911 ,  H04N1/41 ,  H04N1/413 ,  H04N7/60 ,  H04N19/50 ,  H04N19/89 ,  H04N21/236 ,  H04N21/434 ,  H04Q11/04 ,  H04J3/16

CPC分类号： H04N21/236 ,  H04N19/107 ,  H04N19/152 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/187 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/89 ,  H04N21/434 ,  H04Q11/0478 ,  H04L2012/5616 ,  H04N19/146 ,  H04N19/30

摘要： The quality of video images received at the remote end of an ATM network capable of transmitting data at high and low priorities is greatly improved at high cell loss levels by employing a two-layered video encoding technique that adapts the method for encoding information transmitted in the low-priority bit-stream to the rate of cell loss on the network so that compression efficiency and image quality are high when the network load is low and resiliency to cell loss is high when the network load is high. The encoder adapts its encoding method in response to a cell loss information signal generated by the remote decoder by selecting the prediction mode used to encode the low-priority bit-stream, and by changing the frequency at which slice-start synchronization codes are placed within the low-priority bit-stream.

摘要翻译： 通过采用双层视频编码技术，在高信元丢失水平的情况下，在能够以高优先级和低优先级发送数据的ATM网络的远端接收的视频图像的质量大大提高，该双层视频编码技术适用于在 低优先级比特流到网络上的信元丢失率，使得当网络负载低时，压缩效率和图像质量很高，并且当网络负载高时，信元丢失的弹性高。 编码器通过选择用于对低优先级比特流进行编码的预测模式，并通过改变在其中放置切片开始同步码的频率，来适应其编码方法以响应由远程解码器产生的信元丢失信息信号 低优先级位流。

公开(公告)号：US5852473A

公开(公告)日：1998-12-22

申请号：US603302

申请日：1996-02-20

申请人： Caspar Horne ,  Ali Tabatabai

发明人： Caspar Horne ,  Ali Tabatabai

IPC分类号： H04N7/01 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N5/46

CPC分类号： H04N7/0112 ,  H04N19/139 ,  H04N19/142 ,  H04N19/179 ,  H04N19/87 ,  Y10S348/911

摘要： A 3-2 pulldown detector for a video compression encoder initially converts each frame of an input video signal that includes converted film material as well as original video material into top and bottom fields. Consecutive fields from the top and bottom fields are then input to respective sum of absolute difference circuits, the outputs of which are subtracted from each other to produce a difference signal. The difference signal is processed to remove spikes that represent scene changes and to generate a flag signal during the periods of the input video signal when the converted film material is present. The flag signal is then used by a frame rate reduction circuit to eliminate the repeated fields in the converted film material prior to input to a video encoder that outputs a compressed video signal.

摘要翻译： 用于视频压缩编码器的3-2下拉检测器首先将包括转换的胶片材料以及原始视频材料的输入视频信号的每一帧转换成顶部和底部场。 然后将来自顶部和底部场的连续场输入到相应的绝对差分电路之和，并将其输出相互相减以产生差分信号。 处理差分信号以去除表示场景变化的尖峰，并且当转换的胶片材料存在时在输入视频信号的周期期间产生标志信号。 然后，标记信号由帧速率降低电路使用，以在输入到输出压缩视频信号的视频编码器之前消除转换的胶片材料中的重复场。

公开(公告)号：US5949490A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-07

申请号：US889561

申请日：1997-07-08

申请人： Peter A. Borgwardt ,  Caspar Horne

发明人： Peter A. Borgwardt ,  Caspar Horne

IPC分类号： H04N7/50

CPC分类号： H04N19/436 ,  H04N19/124 ,  H04N19/132 ,  H04N19/14 ,  H04N19/142 ,  H04N19/149 ,  H04N19/159 ,  H04N19/172 ,  H04N19/174 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/177 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/146 ,  H04N19/152

摘要： An algorithm for distributing video buffer rate control over a parallel compression architecture uses parallel processors to first compute complexity measures for each macroblock of a current picture. Based upon the complexity measures a master controller determines target rates for each slice of the current picture. A set of slices are then encoded in parallel by the parallel processors acting as microrate controllers, each slice being encoded based solely upon its own target rate. After the set of slices are encoded, the target rates are adjusted for the remaining slices based upon the actual rates from the encoded slices, and the next set of slices is encoded in parallel based upon the updated target rates. After each macroblock within a slice is encoded, a VBV fullness check is made to detect if VBV overflow or underflow is likely to occur. In such an event emergency action is taken to prevent such overflow or underflow. In this manner message passing overhead between the master controller and parallel processors is minimized while retaining the benefits of parallel processing.

摘要翻译： 用于在并行压缩架构上分配视频缓冲器速率控制的算法使用并行处理器来首先计算当前图像的每个宏块的复杂性度量。 基于复杂度测量，主控制器确定当前图像的每个切片的目标速率。 然后由作为微控制器的并行处理器并行地编码一组片，每个片基于其自己的目标速率进行编码。 在对该组片段进行编码之后，基于来自编码片段的实际速率对剩余片段调整目标速率，并且基于更新的目标速率并行编码下一组片段。 在片内的每个宏块被编码之后，进行VBV饱和度检查以检测是否可能发生VBV溢出或下溢。 在这种情况下，采取紧急措施来防止这种溢出或下溢。 以这种方式，在主控制器和并行处理器之间的消息传递开销最小化，同时保留并行处理的优点。

公开(公告)号：US5473379A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-05

申请号：US147802

申请日：1993-11-04

申请人： Caspar Horne

发明人： Caspar Horne

IPC分类号： H04N7/32 ,  G06T9/00 ,  H03M7/36 ,  H04N7/26

CPC分类号： H04N19/527 ,  H04N19/51 ,  H04N19/56

摘要： A novel method and apparatus for use in digital video compression provides improved block-based motion compensation using the global motion of a video frame. A video frame comprising a plurality of blocks may be compressed for transmission using block motion vectors. Motion vectors are generated by block matching a block to be coded with a block within a reference frame and determining the displacement therebetween. To effect block matching, motion compensation techniques define a search window within one or more reference frames within which a displaced block will be found. According to the present invention, the location of the search window within a reference frame is defined using the global motion of the frame.

摘要翻译： 用于数字视频压缩的新型方法和装置使用视频帧的全局运动提供改进的基于块的运动补偿。 可以使用块运动矢量来压缩包括多个块的视频帧以进行传输。 运动矢量通过块匹配待编码的块与参考帧内的块一起产生，并确定它们之间的位移。 为了实现块匹配，运动补偿技术在一个或多个参考帧内定义搜索窗口，在该帧内将找到移位的块。 根据本发明，使用帧的全局运动来定义搜索窗口在参考帧内的位置。

公开(公告)号：US06696945B1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-24

申请号：US09972039

申请日：2001-10-09

申请人： Peter L. Venetianer ,  Mark C. Allmen ,  Paul C. Brewer ,  Andrew J. Chosak ,  John I. W. Clark ,  Matthew F. Frazier ,  Niels Haering ,  Tasuki Hirata ,  Caspar Horne ,  Alan J. Lipton ,  William E. Severson ,  James S. Sfekas ,  Thomas E. Slowe ,  Thomas M. Strat ,  John F. Tilki ,  Zhong Zhang

发明人： Peter L. Venetianer ,  Mark C. Allmen ,  Paul C. Brewer ,  Andrew J. Chosak ,  John I. W. Clark ,  Matthew F. Frazier ,  Niels Haering ,  Tasuki Hirata ,  Caspar Horne ,  Alan J. Lipton ,  William E. Severson ,  James S. Sfekas ,  Thomas E. Slowe ,  Thomas M. Strat ,  John F. Tilki ,  Zhong Zhang

IPC分类号： G08B1300

CPC分类号： G06T7/20 ,  G06K9/00778 ,  G08B13/19608 ,  G08B13/19652 ,  G08B13/19673 ,  G08B13/1968

摘要： A method for implementing a video tripwire includes steps of calibrating a sensing device to determine sensing device parameters for use by the system; initializing the system, including entering at least one virtual tripwire; obtaining data from the sensing device; analyzing the data obtained from the sensing device to determine if the at least one virtual tripwire has been crossed; and triggering a response to a virtual tripwire crossing.

摘要翻译： 用于实现视频绊线的方法包括校准感测装置以确定由系统使用的感测装置参数的步骤; 初始化系统，包括进入至少一个虚拟绊线; 从感测装置获取数据; 分析从感测装置获得的数据，以确定是否已经交叉了至少一个虚拟绊线; 并触发对虚拟绊线穿越的响应。

公开(公告)号：US5822005A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-13

申请号：US584494

申请日：1996-01-11

申请人： Caspar Horne

发明人： Caspar Horne

IPC分类号： H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/30 ,  H04N7/50 ,  H04N7/12 ,  H04N9/64 ,  H04N11/02 ,  H04N11/04

CPC分类号： H04N19/45 ,  H04N19/126 ,  H04N19/60 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/124

摘要： Pre-oddification of quantized discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients representing video data reduces high frequency noise that accumulates over multiple stages of encoding/decoding due to oddification in the decoders. The quantized DCT coefficients are inverse quantized, and the resulting inverse quantized coefficients are summed. If the sum is even, then the last quantized coefficient �7,7! is adjusted to reduce high frequency energy accumulation at that coefficient. The last quantized coefficient may be set to zero, or may be incremented/decremented by "1" in the opposite manner than oddification occurs in the decoders. Further the values of a quantization matrix may be set, either manually or automatically as a function of the complexity of the video data, to assure that it is possible for the sum of the inverse quantized coefficients to be odd.

摘要翻译： 代表视频数据的量化离散余弦变换（DCT）系数的预奇偶校验减少了由于解码器中的奇偶校验而在多个编码/解码阶段累积的高频噪声。 对量化的DCT系数进行逆量化，并将所得到的逆量化系数相加。 如果总和为偶数，则调整最后一个量化系数[7,7]，以减少该系数下的高频能量积累。 最后的量化系数可以设置为零，或者可以以与解码器中发生的奇怪相反的方式递增/递减“1”。 此外，量化矩阵的值可以手动地或自动地被设置为视频数据的复杂度的函数，以确保逆量化系数的和可能是奇数的。

公开(公告)号：US5608458A

公开(公告)日：1997-03-04

申请号：US322893

申请日：1994-10-13

申请人： Homer H. Chen ,  Touradj Ebrahimi ,  Barin G. Haskell ,  Caspar Horne

发明人： Homer H. Chen ,  Touradj Ebrahimi ,  Barin G. Haskell ,  Caspar Horne

IPC分类号： G06T9/00 ,  H03M7/36 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/30 ,  H04N7/32 ,  H04N7/36 ,  H04N7/50

CPC分类号： H04N19/649 ,  H04N19/107 ,  H04N19/51 ,  H04N19/537 ,  H04N19/543 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/20

摘要： An encoder segments frames in a sequence of digital images into multiple regions of arbitrary shape each of which has a corresponding motion vector relative to a previous decoded frame. A hierarchical multi-resolution motion estimation and segmentation technique, which segments the frame into multiple blocks and which assigns a best motion vector to each block is used. Blocks having the same or similar motion vector are then merged to form the arbitrarily-shaped regions. The shape of each region is coded, and a decision is made to code additional image data of each region in one of three modes. In a first inter-frame mode, a motion vector associated with a region is encoded. In a second inter-frame mode, a prediction error for the region is also encoded. In an intra-frame mode, the intensity of each picture element in the region is encoded. A region interior coder with frequency domain region-zeroing and space domain region-enforcing operations is employed for effectively coding the interior image data of the arbitrarily-shaped regions. The region interior coder uses an iterative technique based on the theory of successive projection onto convex sets (POCS) to find the best values for a group of selected transform coefficients. The coded information, including the shape of the region, the choice of the mode, and the motion vector and/or the region's interior image data, may then be transmitted to a decoder where the image can be reconstructed.

摘要翻译： 编码器将数字图像序列中的帧划分为任意形状的多个区域，每个区域具有相对于先前解码的帧的相应运动向量。 使用分层多分辨率运动估计和分割技术，其将帧分割成多个块并且向每个块分配最佳运动矢量。 然后将具有相同或相似运动矢量的块合并以形成任意形状的区域。 编码每个区域的形状，并且决定以三种模式之一对每个区域的附加图像数据进行编码。 在第一帧间模式中，对与区域相关联的运动矢量进行编码。 在第二帧间模式中，还对该区域的预测误差进行编码。 在帧内模式中，对该区域中的每个像素的强度进行编码。 采用具有频域区域归零和空域域执行操作的区域内部编码器来有效地编码任意形状区域的内部图像数据。 区域内部编码器使用基于连续投影到凸集（POCS）的理论的迭代技术来找到一组选定的变换系数的最佳值。 然后可以将包括区域的形状，模式的选择以及运动矢量和/或区域的内部图像数据的编码信息发送到可以重建图像的解码器。