摘要:
Disclosed is a method for reducing electrostatic deposition of charged particles on wetted surfaces that are exposed, periodically or substantially continuously to high velocity fluid flow within a coolant flow path in a nuclear reactor. The method includes depositing a first or base dielectric layer and a second or outer dielectric layer on a conductive surface that forms a portion of a high velocity flow path. The first dielectric layer material is selected to provide improved adhesion and insulation to the conductive surface and the second dielectric layer material is selected to provide suitable adhesion to the first dielectric layer and improved corrosion and/or mechanical resistance in the anticipated operating environment.
摘要:
An interference coating (22) for reflecting both visible light and a portion of the region of the infrared spectrum is disclosed. The coating includes a dichroic structure of a plurality of layers of a material having a low index of refraction and a plurality of layers of a material having a high index of refraction. The coating has an average spectral high reflectance of at least 80% for wavelengths in the visible light section of the electromagnetic spectrum and of at least 50% for wavelengths in a portion of the infrared section of the electromagnetic spectrum at least 150 nm wide.
摘要:
A lamp (10) includes a housing (12) with a light source (30, 32) disposed within the housing. Two or more light modulating elements (80, 82, 84, 86) are associated with different components of the lamp, such as a reflector housing (70), an envelope (36), a lens (74), and a shroud (76). Each of the light modulating elements modulates the visible light emitted by the source intermediate the source and an exterior of the housing. One of the light modulating elements modulates light in at least one region of the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum differently from another of the light modulating elements. In this way, the light emitted by the source may be tailored by using different properties of each of the light modulating elements.
摘要:
An electric lamp (12) includes a generally cylindrical lamp vessel (16) which encloses an interior space (18). A source of illumination (20) is disposed within the interior space. A reflective layer (28) is disposed on a light transmissive first end (22) of the lamp vessel. The reflective layer reflects light emitted by the source of illumination into the interior space. The lamp is suited to use in a vehicle headlamp. The reflective layer enables the lamp to have a higher efficiency than a conventional lamp with a black end coat.
摘要:
Described are various embodiments of a tapping apparatus and accessory for tapping a hole. The apparatus generally comprises a body defining a longitudinal cavity therein for longitudinal alignment with the hole. A tap assembly comprises opposed tapping and driving elements engaged within the cavity to rotate in longitudinal alignment therewith and to be longitudinally guided thereby in operation.
摘要:
Super Bainite Steel is described comprising between 90% and 50% bainite, the rest being austenite, in which excess carbon remains within the bainitic ferrite at a concentration beyond that consistent with equilibrium; there is also partial partitioning of carbon into the residual austenite. Such bainite steel has very fine bainite platelets (thickness 100 nm or less). In this specification the expression “Super Bainite Steel” is used for such steel. In particular, the impact of varying the manganese content to achieve fast transformation times, and hence low manufacturing costs without the presence of expensive alloying materials is discussed. In one embodiment of the invention a Super Bainite Steel comprises in weight percent: carbon 0.6 to 1.1%, silicon 1.5 to 2.0%, manganese 0.5 to 1.8%, nickel up to 3%, chromium 1.0 to 1.5%, molybdenum 0.2 to 0.5%, vanadium 0.1 to 0.2%, balance iron save for incidental impurities. In particular it was noted that excellent properties were obtained if the manganese content is about 1% by weight. Various processes for making the Super Bainite Steel are discussed, but a particularly useful process includes the step of cooling the steel from an austenite quickly enough to avoid transformation to pearlite and transforming the steel to bainite at a temperature in the range 190° C. to 2500° C. The patent discusses the impact of changing the transition temperature on hardness, and conclude that the invention can provide a very hard steel (>630HV) It is also noted that suitable pearlite can be produced for cutting drilling and shaping, before final transformation to Super Bainite Steel.
摘要:
A system and method for the simulation and modeling of biopharmaceutical batch process manufacturing facilities using process time lines is described herein. The system employs an eleven-field delimited string code which specifies the unit identifier code and the iteration value for each of the ten levels of nested scheduling cycles of the biopharmaceutical drug production process being modeled. The method includes generating a process time line using operational parameters, a block flow diagram, and a set of scheduling cycles for each of a sequence of unit operations. The process time line is used as a tool for batch processing and facility design.
摘要:
A ceramic arctube preferably for a high pressure discharge lamp. The ceramic arctube can have an anti-reflection interference coating on the outside or inside surface of the bulb section of the arctube. The outside and/or inside surface of the outer wall of the bulb section of the arctube can be substantially spherical to increase efficiency. The wall thickness of the outer wall of the bulb section can be shaped to lens rays from the arc toward a preselected region of a reflector optically coupled to the arctube to increase efficiency.
摘要:
Apparatus for an interactive video system comprising a transmissive projection screen (8) from which an image projected on to the rear surface is visible from the front side but not visible from the rear side, a projector (20) to project display images on to the rear surface of the screen (8); and a video camera (22) positioned to video a user (2) in front of the screen (8). The user (2) effects a writing action on the screen (8) using a dry pen (24) comprising infrared LEDs (64) which operate when the dry pen (24) is pressed against the screen (8). These emissions are detected and position decoded, and a corresponding image projected on the screen (8) so it appears as direct writing to the user (2). The videoed image of the user and the input written data may be combined and transmitted during a videoconference to corresponding apparatus used by a further user (4) who thereby sees interaction between the first user (2) and the written data.
摘要:
A system of binding organizational intelligence to a server machine EO whereby it is no longer distributed throughout both the client(s) and the server(s) but managed exclusively within the RDBMS. An RDBMS portal software tool possessing analytical and data manipulative functionalities, but by design no organizational intelligence, is installed and configured at an end user computer. A data table and stored procedure are created in the RDBMS. The table serves registry and coordination functions, while the stored procedure functions as a menu procedure. The tool is the common interface for all stored procedures and for the user. The user passes instructions to the tool, and the tool passes instructions to the RDBMS to execute stored procedures. The tool receives back from the RDBMS the data sets which results from their execution and provides them to the user. The user may manipulate the data and perform analyses using the tool.