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公开(公告)号：US4698203A
公开(公告)日：1987-10-06
申请号：US659877
申请日：1984-10-15
申请人： Claus Ehlers , Josef Schoening
发明人： Claus Ehlers , Josef Schoening
CPC分类号： G21C1/322 , G21C1/07 , Y02E30/36 , Y10S376/911
摘要： Gas-cooled nuclear reactors include circulation systems for cooling gas to remove the heat generated in the reactor core. An improved arrangement includes a plurality of steam generators in a horizontal plane located above the horizontal plane of the reactor core. The cooling gas circulates from the bottom of the reactor core to the top. Improved heat removal is accomplished in this manner as the heated cooling gas enters the steam generators after passage through the reactor core without undergoing further circulation in a horizontal or inverse vertical direction.
摘要翻译： 气冷核反应堆包括用于冷却气体的循环系统，以去除反应堆堆芯中产生的热量。 改进的布置包括位于反应堆芯的水平面上方的水平面中的多个蒸汽发生器。 冷却气体从反应堆堆芯的底部循环到顶部。 以这种方式实现了改进的除热，因为加热的冷却气体在通过反应堆堆芯之后进入蒸汽发生器，而不会在水平或垂直方向上进一步循环。
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公开(公告)号：US5032349A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-16
申请号：US5584
申请日：1987-01-21
申请人： Siegfried Brandes , Claus Elter , Hubert Handel , Dietrich Leithner , Hermann Schmitt , Josef Schoening
发明人： Siegfried Brandes , Claus Elter , Hubert Handel , Dietrich Leithner , Hermann Schmitt , Josef Schoening
CPC分类号： G21C7/107 , G21C5/04 , G21Y2002/206 , G21Y2002/50 , G21Y2004/30 , Y02E30/39
摘要： A process is provided for the long term shutdown of a high temperature nuclear reactor comprised of a pile of spherical fuel elements in a core by means of a neutron absorbing absorber material wherein the absorber material consisting of spherical absorber elements is introduced in the core of spherical fuel elements in the form of a column, but wherein the intermixing of the absorber material with the fuel elements is prevented. An apparatus for practicing the process is also provided comprised of a graphite side reflector concentrically surrounding a circular cylindrical core filled with a pile of spherical fuel elements of a high temperature nuclear reactor, into which at least two nose shaped projections distributed uniformly about the circumference radially project, with each of the projections comprising a vertical cavity to contain the absorber material. The vertical cavity is located in the vicinity of the core in the area of the frontal side facing the core of each projection. Pourable absorber material provided by means of a reservoir located above the core and introduced into the vertical cavity penetrates the pile of spherical fuel elements in the form of a column, thereby absorbing neutron radiation.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种方法，用于通过中子吸收吸收材料长期关闭由核心中的一堆球形燃料元件组成的高温核反应堆，其中将由球形吸收体元件组成的吸收体材料引入球形核心 燃料元件为柱形，但是其中防止了吸收体与燃料元件的混合。 还提供了一种用于实施该方法的设备，其包括石英侧反射器，其同心地围绕填充有高温核反应堆的一堆球形燃料元件的圆柱形芯，至少两个鼻形突起围绕径向均匀分布 其中每个突起包括垂直腔以容纳吸收体材料。 垂直腔位于面向每个突起的芯的正面的区域中的芯附近。 通过位于核心上方并被引入垂直腔中的储存器提供的可倾式吸收体材料以柱形式穿透一堆球形燃料元件，从而吸收中子辐射。
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公开(公告)号：US4923670A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-08
申请号：US128442
申请日：1987-12-03
摘要： A roof reflector comprising at least three individual layers of tapered layer elements combined in the form of vertical columns. Each column rests on a block column of the lateral reflector. Individual elements are secured by wedges and dowels to permit vertical column movements without constraint. The top and bottom layers comprise gas collector spaces communicating with each other by passage openings in the middle layer. In the top and bottom layers are also slot-shaped passage openings leading to an from the collector spaces. Preferably, they are radially offset relative to the passage openings in the middle layer to obtain good gas mixing as it rises through the reflector.Such a roof reflector is useful for avoiding roof reflector element damage if one element is vertically displaced relative to an adjacent element. The roof elements are carefully designed to achieve this end and maintain cover utility.
摘要翻译： 一种屋顶反射器，包括以垂直柱的形式组合的至少三个锥形层元件的单独层。 每列搁置在横向反射器的块列上。 单个元件通过楔形和榫钉固定，以允许垂直柱移动而不受约束。 顶层和底层包括通过中间层中的通道开口彼此连通的气体收集器空间。 顶层和底层也是从收集空间通向的槽形通道开口。 优选地，它们相对于中间层中的通道开口径向偏移，以在通过反射器上升时获得良好的气体混合。 如果一个元件相对于相邻元件垂直移位，这种屋顶反射器可用于避免屋顶反射器元件损坏。 屋顶元件经过精心设计，以达到此目的，并保持盖板效用。
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公开(公告)号：US4830818A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-16
申请号：US5585
申请日：1987-01-21
CPC分类号： G21C5/04 , G21C11/06 , G21C7/107 , G21Y2002/206 , G21Y2004/10 , G21Y2004/30 , Y02E30/33 , Y02E30/39 , Y10S376/904
摘要： A gas-cooled high temperature reactor having a core filled with spherical fuel elements is provided comprising a graphite side reflector including at least one nose-like projection comprised of a plurality of graphite nose stones stacked one upon the other, said nose stones each including at least one vertically disposed continuous cavity aligned with at least one vertically disposed continuous cavity in adjacent nose stones, said cavity adapted to receive discrete absorber material elements introduced into the reactor core, said nose stones further including at least one vertically aligned continuous gap which extends into said nose stones from a front portion thereof and is aligned with a corresponding continuous gap in adjacent nose stones, communication between said continuous gap and said cavity being prevented, said nose stones also comprising in top and bottom surfaces thereof sealing means which enable adjacent nose stones to be stacked in a manner sufficient to seal said at least one cavity in a gas-tight manner, thus preventing communication between said cavity and said core.
摘要翻译： 提供一种具有填充有球形燃料元件的芯的气体冷却式高温反应器，其包括石墨侧反射器，该石墨侧反射器包括至少一个鼻状突起，所述至少一个鼻状突起包括彼此堆叠的多个石墨鼻石块， 至少一个垂直设置的连续空腔与相邻鼻梁中的至少一个垂直设置的连续空腔对准，所述腔适于接收引入到反应堆芯中的不连续的吸收体材料元件，所述鼻结石还包括至少一个垂直排列的连续间隙， 所述鼻梁从其前部分并与相邻鼻梁中的相应的连续间隙对准，防止所述连续间隙和所述空腔之间的连通，所述鼻石头还包括其顶表面和底表面，其密封装置使得相邻的鼻石头 以足以密封所述室的方式堆叠 以一个气密的方式延伸一个空腔，从而防止所述空腔和所述芯之间的连通。
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公开(公告)号：US4789519A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-06
申请号：US914536
申请日：1986-10-01
申请人： Josef Schoening , Hubert Handel
发明人： Josef Schoening , Hubert Handel
摘要： In a nuclear reactor installation with a small high temperature reactor (26) all of the components of the primary loop, together with the control and shutdown installations (82, 92, 114, 116; 194, 198, 200) are located inside a steel pressure vessel (16) and may be installed and dismantled from above. This makes an economical subterranean construction possible.
摘要翻译： 在具有小型高温反应堆（26）的核反应堆装置中，主回路的所有部件与控制和关闭装置（82,92,114,116; 194,198,200）位于钢内 压力容器（16），并可以从上面安装和拆除。 这使得经济的地下构造成为可能。
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公开(公告)号：US4657732A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-14
申请号：US687963
申请日：1984-12-31
申请人： Josef Schoening , Claus Elter
发明人： Josef Schoening , Claus Elter
IPC分类号： G21C1/24 , G21C1/07 , G21C13/02 , G21C13/073 , G21C13/093 , G21C13/10
CPC分类号： G21C13/093 , G21C13/022 , G21C13/073 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A barrier system for a high temperature reactor. The reactor utilizes spherical fuel elements consisting of coated particles of a fissionable material embedded in a graphite matrix, the coating forming a first safety barrier against the release of fissionable material, and the graphite matrix a second such safety barrier. The reactor is surrounded by a prestressed concrete pressure vessel clad on the inside with a metal liner. The metal liner acts as a third safety barrier, while the concrete body of the prestressed concrete pressure vessel forms the fourth, and outermost safety barrier. A plurality of passages are located in the pressure vessel which are closed off by closure means. The closure means provide sealment between the third and fourth barriers in the area of the passages. By utilizing the concrete pressure vessel as a safety barrier in this manner, the need for a separate protective reactor housing is eliminated.
摘要翻译： 高温反应堆的屏障系统。 反应器使用由嵌入在石墨基质中的可裂变材料的涂覆颗粒组成的球形燃料元件，涂层形成抵抗可裂变材料释放的第一安全屏障，石墨基质是第二个这样的安全屏障。 反应器被包裹在内部的金属衬里的预应力混凝土压力容器包围。 金属衬套作为第三安全屏障，而预应力混凝土压力容器的混凝土体形成第四个和最外面的安全栅。 多个通道位于通过关闭装置封闭的压力容器中。 封闭装置提供通道区域中的第三和第四屏障之间的密封。 通过以这种方式利用混凝土压力容器作为安全屏障，消除了对单独的保护性反应器壳体的需要。
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公开(公告)号：US4405055A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-20
申请号：US217815
申请日：1980-12-18
IPC分类号： F22B37/22 , G21C11/08 , G21C13/036 , G21C13/073 , B65D6/10
CPC分类号： F22B37/225 , G21C11/08 , G21C13/036 , G21C13/073 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A vaulted cover for an opening in a pressure vessel comprising a vaulted center piece and an annular rim surrounding thermal insulation material of a cover flange. The rim is assembled of two coaxially arranged cylindrical sections. Expansion gaps and sealing disks are provided about pipe fittings in said vaulted cover in a manner that permits release of pressure through gaps formed by said sealing disks.
摘要翻译： 一种用于压力容器中的开口的拱形盖，包括拱形中心件和围绕盖法兰的隔热材料的环形边缘。 轮辋由两个同轴布置的圆柱形部分组装。 提供了扩展间隙和密封盘关于所述拱形盖中的管件，其允许通过由所述密封盘形成的间隙释放压力。
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公开(公告)号：US4349991A
公开(公告)日：1982-09-21
申请号：US125708
申请日：1980-02-28
CPC分类号： G21C13/073 , Y02E30/40
摘要： Disclosed is a closing arrangement for large passages in a prestressed pressure vessel comprising a cover means for covering the opening of a passage in the prestressed pressure vessel, an annular structural part having an inner boundary surface surrounding the covering means at a distance and defining a space therebetween, a means for securing the annular structural part to the prestressed pressure vessel and a plurality of connecting elements disposed in the space between the annular structural part and the covering means in abutting relationship with the inner boundary surface of the annular structural part and the covering means.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于预应力压力容器中的大通道的闭合装置，包括用于覆盖预应力压力容器中的通道的开口的盖装置，环形结构部件，其具有围绕覆盖装置的内部边界表面，并且限定空间 在其间具有用于将环形结构部件固定到预应力压力容器的装置，以及设置在环形结构部件和覆盖装置之间的空间中的多个连接元件，与环形结构部件的内边界面和盖体 手段。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5019322A
公开(公告)日：1991-05-28
申请号：US233980
申请日：1988-08-19
摘要： A gas cooled nuclear reactor may have a stationary pile of spherical operating elements. The reactor may be controlled and shut down by absorber rods displaceable in channels of the side reflector. The neutron sources required for the safe start-up of such pellet pile reactors, which in the case of higher capacity pile reactors are installed in bores of the side reflector, are arranged in the stationary pile, where they are more effective and do not occupy positions in the side reflector. They may be located in one or more graphite elements having the same diameter as the operating elements. These elements may be introduced and removed into and from the core together with the operating elements and remain stationary in operation.
摘要翻译： 气体冷却的核反应堆可能具有静止的球形操作元件。 反应器可以通过在侧反射器的通道中可移位的吸收器杆来控制和关闭。 安装起来的这种堆堆堆堆反应堆安全启动所需的中子源，在较高容量的堆堆反应堆的情况下安装在侧面反射器的孔中，被安排在固定桩中，它们更有效并且不占用 侧面反射器中的位置。 它们可以位于具有与操作元件相同直径的一个或多个石墨元件中。 这些元件可以与操作元件一起被引入和移出到芯中，并且在操作中保持静止。
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公开(公告)号：US4917855A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-17
申请号：US155130
申请日：1988-02-11
CPC分类号： G21C7/08 , G21C19/28 , G21C9/027 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2004/30 , G21Y2004/304 , Y02E30/39
摘要： A shutdown system for a high temperature nuclear reactor where absorber material elements in the form of balls pass from an elevated reservoir into a vertical channel formed by aligned vertical cavities in horizontal, nose-shaped projections from the side reflector. The balls are transported back to the reservoir by way of a conveyor device. It must be insured that even in the case of accidents the absorber balls arrive in the cavities and that a rapid return of the absorber balls into the reservoir takes place. For the purpose, the reservoir is provided with an automatically-actuated and controllable device for releasing an opening between the reservoir and the vertical channel feed line. Below the channel is a removal tube terminating in a housing and arranged to form a pile of the absorber balls which seals the removal tube. To return the absorber balls, a metering gas acts on the pile and brings the absorber balls to a carrier gas. The carrier gas returns the absorber balls into the reservoir while the gaseous proporation of the carrier gas flow is returned for the reservoir into the pressure vessel.
摘要翻译： 用于高温核反应堆的关闭系统，其中球形吸收材料元件从升高的储存器通过从侧反射器的水平的鼻形突起中由对准的垂直空腔形成的垂直通道。 球通过传送装置被运送回储存器。 必须保证，即使在事故的情况下，吸收器球到达空腔，并且发生吸收器球快速返回到储存器中。 为此，储存器设置有用于释放储存器和垂直通道进料管线之间的开口的自动致动和可控制的装置。 通道下面是一个终止于外壳中的移除管，并且被布置成形成一堆密封去除管的吸收器球。 为了返回吸收器球，计量气体作用在桩上并将吸收球带入载气中。 载体气体将吸收器返回到储存器中，同时将载气流的气体排出物返回到储存器进入压力容器。
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