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公开(公告)号：US6070113A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-30
申请号：US878090
申请日：1997-06-18
CPC分类号： B60R21/013 , B60R21/0132 , B60R2021/01006 , B60R2021/01027
摘要： A vehicular crash discrimination system (10) incorporates first (12) and second (14) crash sensors operatively coupled to a logic AND gate (16), which activates a safety restraint system (2). The first crash sensor (12) is mounted in a location which for a preferred sensing characteristic causes susceptibility to activation by crashes which are so directed that the safety restraint system (2) should not otherwise be activated. The second crash sensor (14), having a lower detection threshold than the first crash sensor (12), is mounted at a distinct location and is responsive to crashes for which the safety restraint system (2) is preferably activated, but is not responsive to those crashes which cause false activation of the first crash sensor (12). The instant invention thus provides for a preferred sensing characteristic determined by a first crash sensor mounted in an inferior location without being subject to false activation of the safety restraint system (2). In another aspect, the first crash sensor (2) incorporates a plurality of crash sensing characteristics and the selection of the active sensing characteristic is dependent upon the operative state of the second crash sensor (14).
摘要翻译： 车辆碰撞识别系统（10）包括操作地耦合到逻辑与门（16）的第一（12）和第二（14）碰撞传感器，其激活安全约束系统（2）。 第一碰撞传感器（12）安装在一个位置，对于优选的感测特性，这种位置使得易于被崩溃引起的激活，使得安全限制系统（2）不应该被激活。 具有比第一碰撞传感器（12）更低的检测阈值的第二碰撞传感器（14）安装在不同的位置处并且响应于安全约束系统（2）优选地被激活但不响应的碰撞 涉及导致第一碰撞传感器（12）的错误启动的那些碰撞。 因此，本发明提供了由安装在下位置的第一碰撞传感器确定的优选感测特性，而不会被安全限制系统（2）的错误启动。 在另一方面，第一碰撞传感器（2）包括多个碰撞感测特性，并且主动感测特性的选择取决于第二碰撞传感器（14）的操作状态。
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公开(公告)号：US06198998B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-06
申请号：US09368251
申请日：1999-08-03
IPC分类号： G06F1700
CPC分类号： B60R21/01538 , B60N2/002 , B60N2/28 , G06K9/00201 , G06K9/00362 , G06K9/00832 , G06T7/70
摘要： A method and system (10) for detecting vehicle occupant type and position utilizes a single camera unit (12) positioned, for example at the driver or passenger side A-pillar, to generate image data of the front seating area of the vehicle. The present invention distinguishes between objects, forwardly or rearwardly facing child seats, and occupants, by periodically mapping the image taken of the interior of the vehicle into an image profile (104), and utilizing image profile matching with stored profile data (110) to determine the occupant or object type. The system and method of the present invention track occupant type and position in both parallel and perpendicular directions relative to a fixed structure such as the vehicle instrument panel to optimize both the efficiency and safety in controlling deployment of a occupant safety device, such as an air bag (28).
摘要翻译： 用于检测车辆乘员类型和位置的方法和系统（10）利用位于例如驾驶员或乘客侧A柱的单个照相机单元（12）来生成车辆前座椅区域的图像数据。 本发明通过将拍摄到车辆内部的图像周期性地映射到图像轮廓（104）中，并且利用与存储的轮廓数据（110）匹配的图像轮廓来区分通过向前或向后的儿童座椅和乘客的目标， 确定乘客或物体类型。 本发明的系统和方法相对于诸如车辆仪表板的固定结构在平行和垂直方向上跟踪乘员类型和位置，以优化在控制乘员安全装置（例如空气）的部署中的效率和安全性 包（28）。
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公开(公告)号：US6085151A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-04
申请号：US9035
申请日：1998-01-20
IPC分类号： B60R21/01 , B60R21/0134 , G01S7/493 , G01S13/02 , G01S13/34 , G01S13/72 , G01S13/93 , G01S17/93
CPC分类号： G01S7/023 , G01S13/931 , G01S17/936 , B60R21/0134 , B60T2201/022 , G01S13/34 , G01S13/726 , G01S2013/9342 , G01S2013/9346 , G01S2013/9375 , G01S2013/9382 , G01S2013/9389 , G01S2013/9392 , G01S7/493
摘要： A relatively narrow beam of either RF or optical electromagnetic radiation is scanned over a relatively wide azimuthal range. The return signal is processed to detect the range and velocity of each point of reflection. Individual targets are identified by clustering analysis and are tracked in a Cartesian coordinate system using a Kalman filter. The threat to the vehicle for a given target is assessed from estimates of the relative distance, velocity, and size of each target, and one or more vehicular devices are controlled responsive to the assessment of threat so as to enhance the safety of the vehicle occupant. In a preferred embodiment, a quantized linear frequency modulated continuous wave RF signal is transmitted from and received by a multi-beam antenna having an aziumthal range of at least +/-100 degrees and an individual beam width of approximately 10 degrees.
摘要翻译： RF或光电磁辐射的相对窄的光束在相对宽的方位范围内扫描。 处理返回信号以检测每个反射点的范围和速度。 通过聚类分析识别各个目标，并使用卡尔曼滤波器在笛卡尔坐标系中进行跟踪。 对于给定目标的车辆的威胁是根据每个目标的相对距离，速度和大小的估计来评估的，并且响应于威胁评估来控制一个或多个车辆装置，以增强车辆乘客的安全性 。 在优选实施例中，量化的线性频率调制的连续波RF信号从具有至少+/- 100度的aziumthal范围和约10度的单个波束宽度的多波束天线发射并接收。
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公开(公告)号：US6056079A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-02
申请号：US3672
申请日：1998-01-07
IPC分类号： B60N2/00 , B60R21/01 , B60R21/015 , G01G19/414 , B60N2/24
CPC分类号： B60R21/01516 , B60N2/002 , B60R21/01522 , G01G19/4142
摘要： A plurality of hydrostatic weight sensors, each incorporating a fluid and a pressure sensor for sensing the pressure thereof, are incorporated in a vehicle seat to sense occupant weight, position, and stature. In one aspect, a hydrostatic weight sensor is located in the seat back and a separate hydrostatic weight sensor is located in the seat bottom. In another aspect, a plurality of laterally or longitudinally proximate hydrostatic weight sensors, or a single bladder with a plurality of chambers, is incorporated in the seat bottom to sense occupant position. In another aspect, a hydrostatic seat weight sensor is provided by forming a fluid filled cavity within a seat cushion and sensing the pressure of the fluid therein. A signal processor calculates the occupant weight, position, and stature from the respective pressure sensor output signals and controls a safety restraint system responsive thereto.
摘要翻译： 多个流体静力重量传感器（每个都包含流体和用于感测其压力的压力传感器）结合在车辆座椅中以感测乘员的重量，位置和身高。 在一个方面，静液重量传感器位于座椅靠背中，并且单独的静液重量传感器位于座椅底部。 在另一方面，多个横向或纵向邻近的流体静力重量传感器或具有多个室的单个气囊被并入座椅底部以感测乘员位置。 在另一方面，通过在座垫内形成流体填充空腔并感测其中的流体的压力来提供静液压座椅重量传感器。 信号处理器从相应的压力传感器输出信号计算乘员的重量，位置和身高，并响应于此来控制安全限制系统。
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公开(公告)号：US6005958A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-21
申请号：US841521
申请日：1997-04-23
CPC分类号： B60R21/01538 , B60N2/002 , B60N2/28 , G06K9/00201 , G06K9/00362 , G06K9/00832 , G06T7/004
摘要： A method and system (10) for detecting vehicle occupant type and position utilizes a single camera unit (12) positioned, for example at the driver or passenger side A-pillar, to generate image data of the front seating area of the vehicle. The present invention distinguishes between objects, forwardly or rearwardly facing child seats, and occupants, by periodically mapping the image taken of the interior of the vehicle into an image profile (104), and utilizing image profile matching with stored profile data (110) to determine the occupant or object type. The system and method of the present invention track occupant type and position in both parallel and perpendicular directions relative to a fixed structure such as the vehicle instrument panel to optimize both the efficiency and safety in controlling deployment of a occupant safety device, such as an air bag (28).
摘要翻译： 用于检测车辆乘员类型和位置的方法和系统（10）利用位于例如驾驶员或乘客侧A柱的单个照相机单元（12）来生成车辆前座椅区域的图像数据。 本发明通过将拍摄到车辆内部的图像周期性地映射到图像轮廓（104）中，并且利用与存储的轮廓数据（110）匹配的图像轮廓来区分通过向前或向后的儿童座椅和乘客的目标， 确定乘客或物体类型。 本发明的系统和方法相对于诸如车辆仪表板的固定结构在平行和垂直方向上跟踪乘员类型和位置，以优化在控制乘员安全装置（例如空气）的部署中的效率和安全性 包（28）。
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公开(公告)号：US5979586A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-09
申请号：US18256
申请日：1998-02-04
摘要： A vehicle collision warning system converts collision threat messages from a predictive collision sensor into intuitive sounds which are perceived by the occupant to be directed from the direction of the potential collision. The type and volume of the sounds are dependent upon the estimated likelihood, severity, and commencement time of the collision. The types of sound are chosen to evoke the proper corrective action by the driver as necessary to avoid the collision or mitigate the effects thereof. Examples of the sounds include a horn, screeching tires, a siren, sounds of various types of vehicles and object, and voice commands. The sounds are stored monaurally and are converted to directional sounds using known techniques.
摘要翻译： 车辆碰撞警告系统将来自预测碰撞传感器的碰撞威胁消息转换成由乘客从潜在碰撞的方向引导的直觉声音。 声音的类型和音量取决于碰撞的估计可能性，严重性和开始时间。 选择声音的类型以唤醒驾驶员适当的纠正措施，以避免碰撞或减轻其影响。 声音的例子包括喇叭，尖叫轮胎，警笛声，各种车辆和物体的声音以及语音命令。 声音被单声道存储，并使用已知技术转换为定向声音。
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