摘要:
Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and multi-drug resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus are becoming increasingly prevalent in both human and veterinary clinics. S. aureus-causing bovine mastitis yields high annual losses to the dairy industry. Treatment of mastitis by broad range antibiotics is often not successful and may contribute to development of antibiotic resistance. Bacteriophage endolysins are a promising new source of antimicrobials. The endolysin of prophage φSH2 of Staphylococcus haemolyticus strain JCSC1435 (φSH2 lysin) shows lytic activity against live staphylococcal cells. Deletion constructs were tested in zymograms and turbidity reduction assays to evaluate the contribution of each functional module to lysis. The CHAP domain exhibited three-fold higher activity than the full length protein. Activity was further enhanced in the presence of bivalent calcium ions. The full length enzyme and the CHAP domain showed activity against multiple staphylococcal strains, including MRSA strains, mastitis isolates, and coagulase negative staphylococcal (CoNS) strains.
摘要:
Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and multi-drug resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus are becoming increasingly prevalent in both human and veterinary clinics. S. aureus-causing bovine mastitis yields high annual losses to the dairy industry. Treatment of mastitis by broad range antibiotics is often not successful and may contribute to development of antibiotic resistance. Bacteriophage endolysins are a promising new source of antimicrobials. The endolysin of prophage φSH2 of Staphylococcus haemolyticus strain JCSC1435 (φSH2 lysin) shows lytic activity against live staphylococcal cells. Deletion constructs were tested in zymograms and turbidity reduction assays to evaluate the contribution of each functional module to lysis. The CHAP domain exhibited three-fold higher activity than the full length protein. Activity was further enhanced in the presence of bivalent calcium ions. The full length enzyme and the CHAP domain showed activity against multiple staphylococcal strains, including MRSA strains, mastitis isolates, and coagulase negative staphylococcal (CoNS) strains.
摘要:
Staphylococcus aureus is notorious for developing resistance to virtually all antibiotics to which it is exposed. Staphylococcal phage 2638A endolysin is a peptidoglycan hydrolase that is lytic for S. aureus when exposed externally, making it a new antimicrobial candidate. It shares a common protein organization with over 40 other staphylococcal peptidoglycan hydrolases: a CHAP endopeptidase domain, a mid-protein amidase 2 domain and a C-terminal SH3b cell wall binding domain. It is the first phage endolysin reported with a cryptic translational start site between the CHAP and amidase domains. Deletion analysis indicates that the amidase domain confers most of the lytic activity and requires the full SH3b domain for maximal activity. It is common for one domain to demonstrate dominant activity over another; however, the phage 2638A endolysin is the first to show high amidase domain activity dominant over the N-terminal CHAP domain, an important finding for targeting novel peptidoglycan bonds.
摘要:
Staphylococcus aureus is notorious for developing resistance to virtually all antibiotics to which it is exposed. Staphylococcal phage 2638A endolysin is a peptidoglycan hydrolase that is lytic for S. aureus when exposed externally, making it a new antimicrobial candidate. It shares a common protein organization with over 40 other staphylococcal peptidoglycan hydrolases: a CHAP endopeptidase domain, a mid-protein amidase 2 domain and a C-terminal SH3b cell wall binding domain. It is the first phage endolysin reported with a cryptic translational start site between the CHAP and amidase domains. Deletion analysis indicates that the amidase domain confers most of the lytic activity and requires the full SH3b domain for maximal activity. It is common for one domain to demonstrate dominant activity over another; however, the phage 2638A endolysin is the first to show high amidase domain activity dominant over the N-terminal CHAP domain, an important finding for targeting novel peptidoglycan bonds.
摘要:
Peptidoglycan hydrolases are an effective new source of antimicrobials. A chimeric fusion protein of the Ply187 endopeptidase domain and LysK SH3b cell wall binding domain is a potent agent against Staphylococcus aureus in three functional assays.
摘要:
The routine use of antibiotics to battle Streptococcal pathogens has produced a new class of superbug—multi-drug resistant streptococci resulting in a need for new antimicrobials. The LambdaSa2 prophage endolysin gene harbors an amidase-5 (endopeptidase), an amidase-4 (glycosidase) domain and two Cpl-7 cell wall-binding domains. This endolysin can digest the cell walls of Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. Turbidity reduction and plate lysis assays indicate that this peptidoglycan hydrolase also shows strong lytic activity toward Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus equi, GES, and GGS. Deletion analysis on the His-tagged version of this gene further indicates that the N-terminal endopeptidase domain is minimally active in the absence of a Cpl-7 domain when lysing cells from without; however, with both Cpl-7 domains, it achieves a higher specific activity than the full length protein (on some strains) and shows weak activity against two Coagulase Negative Staphylococci, Staphylococcus hyicus and Staphylococcus xyloses.
摘要:
The Staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage phi11 endolysin has two peptidoglycan hydrolase domains (endopeptidase and amidase) and a SH3b cell wall-binding domain. In turbidity reduction assays, the purified protein can lyse untreated staphylococcal mastitis-causing pathogens, S. aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci (S. chronogenes, S. epidermis, S. hyicus, S. simulans, S. warneri, and S. xylocus), making it a strong antimicrobial protein and an effective candidate for treating multidrug-resistant staphylococci. Lytic activity is maintained at the pH (6.7) and the ‘free’ calcium concentration (3 mM) of milk. Truncated endolysin-derived proteins, containing just the endopeptidase domain, also lyse staphylococci, in the absence of the SH3b-binding domain.
摘要:
The Staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage phi11 endolysin has two peptidoglycan hydrolase domains (endopeptidase and amidase) and a SH3b cell wall-binding domain. In turbidity reduction assays, the purified protein can lyse untreated staphylococcal mastitis-causing pathogens, S. aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci (S. chronogenes, S. epidermis, S. hyicus, S. simulans, S. warneri, and S. xylocus), making it a strong antimicrobial protein and an effective candidate for treating multidrug-resistant staphylococci. Lytic activity is maintained at the pH (6.7) and the ‘free’ calcium concentration (3 mM) of milk. Truncated endolysin-derived proteins, containing just the endopeptidase domain, also lyse staphylococci, in the absence of the SH3b-binding domain.
摘要:
The invention concerns a nucleic acid encoding a recombinant bifunctional fusion peptidoglycan hydrolase protein formed from a nucleic acid encoding a peptidoglycan hydrolase module and a nucleic acid encoding a second peptidoglycan hydrolase module. The fusion, dual (or multiples thereof) peptidoglycan hydrolase modules can be used to treat disease caused by the bacteria for which the individual modules of the fusion protein are specific.
摘要:
The present invention relates to isolated Clostridium perfringens bacteriophage lytic enzymes from baccteriophages CP26F and CP39O, and uses in controlling Clostridium perfringens.