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    Optical potting of solid-state detector cells
    1.
    发明授权
    Optical potting of solid-state detector cells 失效
    固态检测器电池的光学灌封

    公开(公告)号：US4491732A

    公开(公告)日：1985-01-01

    申请号：US411419

    申请日：1982-08-25

    申请人： Dennis H. Pritzkow ,  Neil W. Loomis ,  Thomas M. Golner ,  David M. Hoffman

    发明人： Dennis H. Pritzkow ,  Neil W. Loomis ,  Thomas M. Golner ,  David M. Hoffman

    IPC分类号： G01T1/164 ,  G01T1/20

    CPC分类号： G01T1/2018 ,  G01T1/1644

    摘要： In a modular solid state detector of the type including a scintillator and diodes for converting x-ray flux to a measurable electrical signal, the diodes are mounted out of the path of incident x-radiation to minimize noise and to limit degradation. The resulting configuration reduces efficiency because the active diode area is limited and the length of the light path between the scintillator and diode is increased. In order to compensate for that reduction in efficiency, optical potting material is used to join the scintillator to the diodes in order to minimize light attenuation between those elements. In addition, the outer surface of the cured optical potting material is coated with a thin specular layer of silver to keep the light within the optical potting material and thus most efficiently reflected from the scintillator to the diode.

    摘要翻译： 在包括用于将x射线通量转换成可测量电信号的闪烁体和二极管的模块化固态检测器中，二极管被安装在入射x辐射的路径之外，以使噪声最小化并限制退化。 所产生的配置降低了效率，因为有源二极管面积是有限的，并且闪烁体和二极管之间的光路长度增加。 为了补偿效率的降低，使用光封装材料将闪烁体连接到二极管，以便使这些元件之间的光衰减最小化。 此外，固化的光封装材料的外表面涂覆有薄的镜面银层，以将光保持在光封装材料内，从而最有效地从闪烁体反射到二极管。

    Modular solid-state detector cell
    2.
    发明授权
    Modular solid-state detector cell 失效
    模块化固态检测器单元

    公开(公告)号：US4417144A

    公开(公告)日：1983-11-22

    申请号：US236738

    申请日：1981-02-23

    申请人： David M. Hoffman ,  Neil W. Loomis ,  Ralph C. Ehlert ,  Peter S. Shelley

    发明人： David M. Hoffman ,  Neil W. Loomis ,  Ralph C. Ehlert ,  Peter S. Shelley

    IPC分类号： A61B6/03 ,  G01T1/20 ,  G01T1/29 ,  G01T1/22

    CPC分类号： G01T1/2928 ,  G01T1/2018

    摘要： A modular solid-state detector cell which intimately associates a scintillator body with a pair of photoresponsive semiconductors so as to present on a single collimator plate all of the elements necessary for transforming incident X-radiation into a measurable electrical signal. The detector is provided with a precision slotted mounting arrangement for receiving the unit cells, and the cells when positioned within the detector assembly have the photoresponsive semiconductors enclosed within the light tight cell. The unit is adaptable to off-line testing of the separate cells for screening before assembly.

    摘要翻译： 模块化固态检测器单元，其将闪烁体与一对光响应半导体紧密地相关联，以便在单个准直器板上呈现将入射的X射线变换成可测量的电信号所需的所有元件。 检测器设置有用于接收单元电池的精密开槽安装装置，并且当定位在检测器组件内时的电池具有封闭在不透光单元内的光响应半导体。 该装置适用于组装前分离单元的离线测试以进行筛选。

    Removal of stratum corneum by means of light
    4.
    发明授权
    Removal of stratum corneum by means of light 有权
    通过光去除角质层

    公开(公告)号：US06245060B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-06-12

    申请号：US09472695

    申请日：1999-12-27

    申请人： Neil W. Loomis ,  Peter M. Bojan ,  Timothy P. Henning ,  Mark R. Pope ,  Andrew J. Muetterties

    发明人： Neil W. Loomis ,  Peter M. Bojan ,  Timothy P. Henning ,  Mark R. Pope ,  Andrew J. Muetterties

    IPC分类号： A61B1818

    CPC分类号： A61B18/20 ,  A61B5/14514 ,  A61B5/150022 ,  A61B5/15136 ,  A61B2017/00765 ,  A61B2018/00636 ,  A61B2018/1807 ,  A61M2037/0007

    摘要： A method for increasing the permeability of the stratum corneum by means of a source of light, preferably a laser, more preferably a pulsed laser. By increasing the permeability of the stratum corneum, access to the interstitial fluid is achieved, thereby enabling measurement of analytes in the interstitial fluid. In one aspect, the method comprises the steps of: (a) providing a source of light having a wavelength of from about 930 nm to about 1040 nm; and (b) exposing a region of the stratum corneum of the patient to said source of light for a period of time sufficient to form an opening in the stratum corneum. Preferably, exposure of the region of the stratum corneum to the source of light is ceased when an amount of interstitial fluid fills the opening in the stratum corneum, which amount is sufficient to cause the scatter intensity of the light reflected from the surface of the interstitial fluid occupying the opening in the stratum corneum to differ from the scatter intensity of the light reflected from a region of the stratum corneum that is substantially free of interstitial fluid. The invention also involves an apparatus for carrying out the foregoing method.

    摘要翻译： 通过光源，优选激光，更优选脉冲激光来提高角质层的透过性的方法。 通过增加角质层的渗透性，实现对间质液的接近，从而能够测量间质液中的分析物。 一方面，该方法包括以下步骤：（a）提供波长为约930nm至约1040nm的光源; 和（b）将患者的角质层的区域暴露于所述光源的时间足以在角质层中形成开口。优选地，将角质层的区域暴露于光源是 当一定量的间质液填充角质层中的开口时，该量足以使从占据角质层中的开口的间质液的表面反射的光的散射强度不同于 从基本上不含间质液的角质层区域反射的光。 本发明还涉及一种用于执行上述方法的装置。

    Removal of stratum corneum by means of light
    6.
    发明授权
    Removal of stratum corneum by means of light 失效
    通过光去除角质层

    公开(公告)号：US6027496A

    公开(公告)日：2000-02-22

    申请号：US823940

    申请日：1997-03-25

    申请人： Neil W. Loomis ,  Peter M. Bojan ,  Timothy P. Henning ,  Mark R. Pope ,  Andrew J. Muetterties

    发明人： Neil W. Loomis ,  Peter M. Bojan ,  Timothy P. Henning ,  Mark R. Pope ,  Andrew J. Muetterties

    IPC分类号： A61F9/007 ,  A61B17/00 ,  A61B18/18 ,  A61B18/20 ,  A61B17/36

    CPC分类号： A61B18/20 ,  A61B5/14514 ,  A61B5/150022 ,  A61B5/15136 ,  A61B2017/00765 ,  A61B2018/00636 ,  A61B2018/1807 ,  A61M2037/0007

    摘要： A method for increasing the permeability of the stratum corneum by means of a source of light, preferably a laser, more preferably a pulsed laser. By increasing the permeability of the stratum corneum, access to the interstitial fluid is achieved, thereby enabling measurement of analytes in the interstitial fluid. In one aspect, the method comprises the steps of:(a) providing a source of light having a wavelength of from about 930 nm to about 1040 nm; and(b) exposing a region of the stratum corneum of the patient to said source of light for a period of time sufficient to form an opening in the stratum corneum.Preferably, exposure of the region of the stratum corneum to the source of light is ceased when an amount of interstitial fluid fills the opening in the stratum corneum, which amount is sufficient to cause the scatter intensity of the light reflected from the surface of the interstitial fluid occupying the opening in the stratum corneum to differ from the scatter intensity of the light reflected from a region of the stratum corneum that is substantially free of interstitial fluid. The invention also involves an apparatus for carrying out the foregoing method.

    摘要翻译： 通过光源，优选激光，更优选脉冲激光来提高角质层的透过性的方法。 通过增加角质层的渗透性，实现对间质液的接近，从而能够测量间质液中的分析物。 一方面，该方法包括以下步骤：（a）提供波长为约930nm至约1040nm的光源; 和（b）将患者的角质层的区域暴露于所述光源一段足以在角质层中形成开口的时间段。 优选地，当间质液体的量填充角质层中的开口时，角质层的区域暴露于光源将被停止，该量足以引起从间隙的表面反射的光的散射强度 占据角质层中的开口的流体不同于从基本上不含间质液的角质层区域反射的光的散射强度。 本发明还涉及一种用于执行上述方法的装置。

    Fluid collection and monitoring device
    7.
    发明授权
    Fluid collection and monitoring device 有权
    流体收集和监测装置

    公开(公告)号：US06679841B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-01-20

    申请号：US09880948

    申请日：2001-06-15

    申请人： Peter M. Bojan ,  Timothy P. Henning ,  Neil W. Loomis ,  Mark R. Pope ,  Jonathan A. Eppstein

    发明人： Peter M. Bojan ,  Timothy P. Henning ,  Neil W. Loomis ,  Mark R. Pope ,  Jonathan A. Eppstein

    IPC分类号： A61B500

    CPC分类号： A61B5/14865 ,  A61B5/14514 ,  A61B5/1486 ,  A61B5/150022 ,  A61B5/150343 ,  A61B5/150358 ,  A61B5/150755 ,  A61B5/157 ,  A61B5/441 ,  A61B10/0045 ,  A61B18/20 ,  A61B2010/008 ,  A61B2017/00765 ,  A61B2018/1807 ,  A61B2562/0295 ,  Y10T436/2575

    摘要： An article capable of both collecting interstitial fluid and detecting an analyte in that fluid and a method for use of that article. Preferably, the article is also capable of measuring the amount of analyte in the interstitial fluid. The article can be used in conjunction with a meter that contains an appropriate detection element for determining the amount of analyte in the interstitial fluid. In one preferred embodiment, the article is a multiple-layer element comprising: (1) a layer that is capable of being placed in contact with the skin of a patient; (2) a layer that is coated over the skin-contacting layer; (3) a layer, substantially coplanar with the overcoat layer, that is capable of transporting interstitial fluid by means of chemically aided wicking; (4) a layer, overlying the interstitial fluid transporting layer, that is capable of being placed in contact with a meter, said layer having an opening therein through which light can be transmitted; (5) a layer, disposed on the surface of the meter-contacting layer that faces the skin-contyacting layer, that is capable of detecting the presence of analyte or measuring the amount of analyte in the fluid. In order to use the multiple-layer element, light from a source of light is transmitted through the opening in the multiple-layer material to be absorbed at a light-absorbing target on the skin-contacting layer. This light transfers energy to the target, and this transferred energy causes an opening to form in the skin-contacting layer and an opening to form in the stratum corneum. Interstitial fluid exudes from the opening in the stratum corneum and contacts the interstitial fluid transporting layer. The interstitial fluid then moves along or through the interstitial fluid transporting layer to the detecting layer.

    摘要翻译： 能够收集间质液并检测该液体中的分析物的物品以及该物品的使用方法。 优选地，制品还能够测量间质液中的分析物的量。 该制品可以与包含用于确定间质液中分析物的量的适当检测元件的仪表结合使用。 在一个优选实施例中，制品是多层元件，包括：（1）能够与患者皮肤接触的层;（2）涂覆在皮肤接触层上的层; （3）与外涂层基本上共面的层，其能够通过化学辅助芯吸输送组织液;（4）层叠在间质流体输送层上的层，其能够被置于与 所述层具有开口，通过所述开口可以传输光;（5）设置在所述仪表接触层的面向所述皮肤对接层的表面上的层，其能够检测分析物的存在或测量 流体中的分析物的量。为了使用多层元件，来自光源的光透过多层材料中的开口，以在皮肤接触层上的吸光目标处被吸收 。 这种光将能量转移到目标物上，并且这种转移的能量导致在皮肤接触层中形成开口并在角质层中形成开口。 间质液从角质层中的开口渗出并与组织液输送层接触。 间隙液然后沿着或穿过间隙液输送层移动到检测层。