摘要:
In a hydraulic system for an automatic transmission, a method for automatically draining fluid from an oil cooler and related hydraulic lines when power is off to prevent fluid leakage, escape and outflow when they are disconnected from the system. A control system includes a source of relatively high pressure when power is on, an oil cooler, fluid circuit lines for supplying transmission oil to the cooler, a source of low pressure for containing fluid, such as an oil sump, and a valve hydraulically connected to the circuit, high pressure source, and low pressure source, the valve having a first state at which a hydraulic connection through the valve between the circuit and the source of low pressure is closed when power is on, and a second state at which a hydraulic connection through the valve between the circuit and the low pressure source is open when power is off.
摘要:
In a hydraulic system for an automatic transmission, a method for automatically draining fluid from an oil cooler and related hydraulic lines when power is off to prevent fluid leakage, escape and outflow when they are disconnected from the system. A control system includes a source of relatively high pressure when power is on, an oil cooler, fluid circuit lines for supplying transmission oil to the cooler, a source of low pressure for containing fluid, such as an oil sump, and a valve hydraulically connected to the circuit, high pressure source, and low pressure source, the valve having a first state at which a hydraulic connection through the valve between the circuit and the source of low pressure is closed when power is on, and a second state at which a hydraulic connection through the valve between the circuit and the low pressure source is open when power is off.
摘要:
A method and apparatus are disclosed that automatically interject brain activations into video imaging activities or other activities of daily living. During a video game, for example, an interrupt causes a pause in the game and a commencement of an activity involving but not limited to bilateral portions of the body, the peripheral vision of the game-player, and a visual pursuit-type and saccadic-type action on the video screen. Alternatively, the brain activation can be merged into the content of the video game so as to be generally indistinguishable to the user. Automatic feedback from the system encourages more frequent brain activations when performance is determined to be diminished and less frequent brain activations when performance is determined to be enhanced. The combination of events in the activity is believed to engage the frontal lobes of the brain as well as other brain structures and stimulate brain health.
摘要:
In a hydraulic system for controlling the rate at which fluid flows to an oncoming clutch and for quickly disengaging the clutch, a source of pressurized fluid, a valve hydraulically connected to the fluid source including a spool for alternately opening and closing communication through the valve between the fluid source and the clutch, a seat located between the valve and the clutch, and a plate moveable by fluid flow in a first direction into contact with the seat and moveable by fluid flow in a second direction away from the seat, the plate having an orifice through which fluid enters the clutch when the plate contacts the seat, and openings through which fluid from the clutch passes when the plate is away from the seat. A tube, located between the plate and the clutch, includes a head adjacent the plate and is formed with the seat, and a shank having a passage hydraulically communicating with the clutch, the orifice being aligned with the passage when the plate contacts the seat.
摘要:
In a hydraulic system for controlling the rate at which fluid flows to an oncoming clutch and for quickly disengaging the clutch, a source of pressurized fluid, a valve hydraulically connected to the fluid source including a spool for alternately opening and closing communication through the valve between the fluid source and the clutch, a seat located between the valve and the clutch, and a plate moveable by fluid flow in a first direction into contact with the seat and moveable by fluid flow in a second direction away from the seat, the plate having an orifice through which fluid enters the clutch when the plate contacts the seat, and openings through which fluid from the clutch passes when the plate is away from the seat. A tube, located between the plate and the clutch, includes a head adjacent the plate and is formed with the seat, and a shank having a passage hydraulically communicating with the clutch, the orifice being aligned with the passage when the plate contacts the seat.
摘要:
The automatic transmission for motor vehicles includes a positive displacement pump, a sump hydraulically connected by a passage to the pump inlet, a line pressure control valve having a high pressure outlet, a passage carrying fluid from the control valve through a nozzle and an nozzle exit opening to the passage that connects the sump to the pump inlet. The high pressure passage has a cross section whose area decreases in the direction toward the pump inlet and terminates in a nozzle through which a high speed jet enters the low pressure passage through the nozzle exit opening.
摘要:
A hydraulic system for controlling the engagement and disengagement of a friction element includes a source of line pressure, a source of exhaust pressure, a manual valve having a forward state and a reverse state, connected to the exhaust pressure source and line pressure source and including a first outlet and a second outlet, for opening and closing communication between said outlets and said pressure sources in response to changes in the states, a friction element communicating with the line pressure source through the manual valve in the reverse state, and a control valve including a port communicating with the friction element, the control valve producing control pressure at the port when the manual valve is in the forward state.
摘要:
One or more automatically generated questions regarding subject matter of a body of text are presented (e.g., displayed) to a user. A user input of one or more answers to the one or more automatically generated questions is received, and the body of text is presented to the user, adapted based on a correctness of the one or more answers. The body of text is adapted to emphasize portions of the body of text that are estimated as not having been mastered by the user based on estimated probabilities of user mastery of the various portions of the body of text generated based on the correctness of the one or more answers.
摘要:
A hydraulic system for controlling the engagement and disengagement of a friction element includes a source of line pressure, a source of exhaust pressure, a manual valve having a forward state and a reverse state, connected to the exhaust pressure source and line pressure source and including a first outlet and a second outlet, for opening and closing communication between said outlets and said pressure sources in response to changes in the states, a friction element communicating with the line pressure source through the manual valve in the reverse state, and a control valve including a port communicating with the friction element, the control valve producing control pressure at the port when the manual valve is in the forward state.
摘要:
The automatic transmission for motor vehicles includes a positive displacement pump, a sump hydraulically connected by a passage to the pump inlet, a line pressure control valve having a high pressure outlet, a passage carrying fluid from the control valve through a nozzle and an nozzle exit opening to the passage that connects the sump to the pump inlet. The high pressure passage has a cross section whose area decreases in the direction toward the pump inlet and terminates in a nozzle through which a high speed jet enters the low pressure passage through the nozzle exit opening.