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公开(公告)号：US5854710A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-29
申请号：US709994
申请日：1996-09-09
申请人： Devulapalli V. G. L. N. Rao , Francisco J. Aranda , Joby Joseph , Joseph A. Akkara , Masato Nakashima
发明人： Devulapalli V. G. L. N. Rao , Francisco J. Aranda , Joby Joseph , Joseph A. Akkara , Masato Nakashima
摘要： The invention relates to systems and methods for optical Fourier processing and logic operations based on the discovery that the photoinduced anisotropy of photochromic materials such as bacteriorhodopsin, organic fulgides, azo and fluorescent dyes, phycobiliproteins, rhodopsins, and their analogs, is dependent on the intensity of a polarized actinic beam that illuminates the material and the intensity profile of one or more input beams. This intensity dependence can be used to implement a simple, real-time, self-adaptive optical processing, i.e., spatial filtering, system for Fourier processing of optical input images. This optical processing system can be used to process a wide variety of optical input images, from projected still images to live motion picture images.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于光学傅立叶处理和逻辑运算的系统和方法，其基于以下发现：光致变色材料如细菌视紫红质，有机游离基，偶氮和荧光染料，藻胆蛋白，视紫红质及其类似物的光致各向异性取决于强度 的一个偏振光束，其照亮一个或多个输入光束的材料和强度分布。 该强度依赖性可以用于实现简单的实时自适应光学处理，即用于光输入图像的傅立叶处理的空间滤波系统。 该光学处理系统可以用于处理从投影的静止图像到活动电影图像的各种各样的光学输入图像。
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公开(公告)号：US5757525A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-26
申请号：US658536
申请日：1996-06-05
申请人： Devulapalli V. G. L. N. Rao , Francisco J. Aranda , Desai Narayana Rao , Joseph A. Akkara , Joseph F. Roach , Zhongping Chen
发明人： Devulapalli V. G. L. N. Rao , Francisco J. Aranda , Desai Narayana Rao , Joseph A. Akkara , Joseph F. Roach , Zhongping Chen
CPC分类号： G02F1/0126 , G02F3/00
摘要： All-optical devices, e.g., optical switches and modulators, and logic gates such as optical AND and OR gates, that include photochromic materials having first and second stable states, such as bacteriorhodopsin, organic fulgides, azo and fluorescent dyes, phycobiliproteins, rhodopsins, and their analogs, irradiated in a four-wave mixing geometry, are described. These devices can be used in a wide variety of systems, such as, e.g., optical signal processors and optical computers.
摘要翻译： 全光学装置，例如光学开关和调制器，以及诸如光学AND和OR门的逻辑门，其包括具有第一和第二稳定状态的光致变色材料，例如细菌视紫红质，有机游离基，偶氮和荧光染料，藻胆蛋白，视紫红质， 并描述其在四波混合几何中照射的类似物。 这些装置可用于各种系统，例如光信号处理器和光学计算机。
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公开(公告)号：US06210936B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-03
申请号：US09165043
申请日：1998-10-01
IPC分类号： C12P762
CPC分类号： C12P7/625
摘要： Protease enzyme from Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus sp. Catalyzes the acylation of organic solvent-insoluble macromolecules in isooctane solution containing vinyl esters of fatty acids, lactones or lactides as acyl donors. The reaction occurs only when the enzyme is solubilized via ion-pairing with the anionic surfactant dioctylsulfosuccinate, sodium salt (AOT). Enzyme based acylation was demonstrated in macromolecules such as silk proteins. These macromolecules are reactive either as cryogenically milled powder suspended in the organic solvent or as a thin film deposited onto ZnSe slides. This selective acylation approach represents the first attempt at using enzymes to modify organic-insoluble macromolecules in nonaqueous media.
摘要翻译： 来自枯草芽孢杆菌和芽孢杆菌的蛋白酶 催化有机溶剂不溶性大分子在含有脂肪酸，内酯或丙交酯的乙烯基酯作为酰基供体的异辛烷溶液中的酰化反应。 仅当酶通过与阴离子表面活性剂二辛基磺基琥珀酸盐钠盐（AOT）的离子配对溶解时才发生反应。 在大分子如丝蛋白中证明了酶的酰化作用。 这些大分子作为悬浮在有机溶剂中的低温研磨粉末或沉积在ZnSe载片上的薄膜是反应性的。 这种选择性酰化方法代表了在非水介质中使用酶来修饰有机不溶性大分子的第一次尝试。
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公开(公告)号：US06448050B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-10
申请号：US09639412
申请日：2000-08-14
IPC分类号： C12P762
CPC分类号： C12P7/625
摘要： Protease enzyme from Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus sp. Catalyzes the acylation of organic solvent-insoluble macromolecules in isooctane solution containing vinyl esters of fatty acids, lactones or lactides as acyl donors. The reaction occurs only when the enzyme is solubilized via ion-pairing with the anionic surfactant dioctylsulfosuccinate, sodium salt (AOT). Enzyme based acylation was demonstrated in macromolecules such as silk proteins. These macromolecules are reactive either as cryogenically milled powder suspended in the organic solvent or as a thin film deposited onto ZnSe slides. This selective acylation approach represents the first attempt at using enzymes to modify organic-insoluble macromolecules in nonaqueous media.
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5.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06444450B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-03
申请号：US09014522
申请日：1998-01-28
IPC分类号： C12P1322
摘要： A process for large-scale, low cost, batch or continuous production of polyphenols using enzyme-mediated reactions and methods for recycling non-consumed reactants.
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公开(公告)号：US6096859A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-01
申请号：US598737
申请日：1996-01-16
CPC分类号： C08G61/10
摘要： A process of controlling the molecular weight and dispersity of poly(p-ethylphenol) and poly(m-cresol) synthesized enzymatically by varying the composition of the reaction medium. Polymers with low dispersities and molecular weights from 1000 to 3000 are synthesized in reversed micelles and biphasic systems. In comparison, reactions in bulk solvents resulted in a narrow range of molecular weights (281 to 675 with poly(p-ethylphenol) in a DMF/water system and 1,400 to 25,000 with poly(m-cresol) in an ethanol/water system). Poly(p-ethylphenol) was functionalized at hydroxyl positions with palmitoyl, cinnamoyl, and biotin groups.
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公开(公告)号：US5981240A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-09
申请号：US173607
申请日：1998-10-02
CPC分类号： C12P7/625
摘要： A method is described for a simple, fast and efficient synthesis of homopolymers and copolymers by the enzymatic ring opening polymerization of lactones and lactides. The enzyme used is an ion paired protease. The advantage of this enzymatic system is in using small amount of enzyme per monomer and lower reaction time. Homopolymers and copolymers are synthesized with molecular weights between 1000 and 4600 daltons, and dispersity as low as 1.1. The monomer conversion after 4 days, for reactions catalyzed by protease S, has reached 100%. Different initiators are used to control the rate and degree of polymerization. Synthesis of block copolymers with defined block size and crystallinity are described in this invention. These biodegradable and bioerodable polyesters and copolyesters with controlled molecular weight, dispersity and crystallinity have applications in medical, drug, cosmetic and food industries.
摘要翻译： 描述了通过内酯和丙交酯的酶开环聚合简单，快速和有效地合成均聚物和共聚物的方法。 使用的酶是离子配对蛋白酶。 该酶系统的优点在于每单体使用少量酶，反应时间较短。 合成均聚物和共聚物的分子量为1000至4600道尔顿，分散度低至1.1。 4天后，由蛋白酶S催化反应的单体转化率达到100％。 不同的引发剂用于控制聚合速率和聚合度。 本发明描述了具有确定的嵌段大小和结晶度的嵌段共聚物的合成。 这些具有可控分子量，分散性和结晶度的可生物降解和生物侵蚀性聚酯和共聚酯可用于医疗，药物，化妆品和食品工业。
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8.发明授权Chemiluminescence-based method for rapid and sensitive in-situ detection of organophosphorus compounds and metal ions 失效基于化学发光的方法，用于快速和灵敏地原位检测有机磷化合物和金属离子
公开(公告)号：US5846753A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-08
申请号：US445565
申请日：1995-05-30
申请人： Joseph A. Akkara , David L. Kaplan , Madhu S. R. Ayyagari , Kenneth A. Marx , Sanjay Kamtekar , Rajiv Pande , Sukant K. Tripathy , Jayant Kumar
发明人： Joseph A. Akkara , David L. Kaplan , Madhu S. R. Ayyagari , Kenneth A. Marx , Sanjay Kamtekar , Rajiv Pande , Sukant K. Tripathy , Jayant Kumar
IPC分类号： C12Q1/42 , C07D305/14 , C12Q1/44
CPC分类号： C12Q1/42 , C12Q2334/00
摘要： A method of detecting the presence of a substance being monitored in a medium, selected from the group of substances including organophosphorus compounds and the metal ions Zn, Be and Bi, including the steps of: providing a 1,2-dioxetane phenyl phosphate compound; providing a phosphatase that catalytically degrades the 1,2-dioxetane phenyl phosphate compound to produce light, the catalytic activity of the phosphatase toward 1,2-dioxetane phenyl phosphate compound being altered by the substance being monitored; exposing the 1,2-dioxetane phenyl phosphate compound and the phosphatase together to a medium which may contain the substance being monitored; detecting light produced after the exposing step; and determining, from the detected light, the presence and concentration in the medium of the substance being monitored.
摘要翻译： 一种检测在包括有机磷化合物和金属离子Zn，Be和Bi的物质组中的介质中被监测物质的存在的方法，包括以下步骤：提供1,2-二氧环乙烷苯基磷酸酯化合物; 提供催化降解1,2-二氧杂环丁烷苯基磷酸酯化合物以产生光的磷酸酶，磷酸酯对正在监测的物质的1,2-二氧环乙烷苯基磷酸酯化合物的催化活性改变; 将1,2-二氧环乙烷苯基磷酸酯化合物和磷酸酶一起暴露于可能含有被监测物质的介质中; 检测曝光步骤后产生的光; 并且从检测到的光中确定被监测物质的介质中的存在和浓度。
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公开(公告)号：US5143828A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-01
申请号：US815213
申请日：1991-12-31
申请人： Joseph A. Akkara , David L. Kaplan , Lynne A. Samuelson , Braja K. Mandal , Sukant K. Tripathy , Ferdinando F. Bruno , Kenneth A. Marx
发明人： Joseph A. Akkara , David L. Kaplan , Lynne A. Samuelson , Braja K. Mandal , Sukant K. Tripathy , Ferdinando F. Bruno , Kenneth A. Marx
CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 , B05D1/204 , B82Y40/00 , C08G61/10 , C08G73/0266 , C12P13/001 , C12P7/22
摘要： A method for synthesizing enzyme-catalyzed polymers using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique. In one embodiment, the process comprises spreading one or more enzyme-polymerizable monomers on a water-miscible solvent. The monomers are sufficiently surface active that they align themselves on the air-solvent interface. Next, pressure is applied to the interface to form a monolayer made up of the monomers. An enzyme is then introduced into the solvent, causing polymerization of the monomers in the monolayer. The polymeric monolayers produced by the present method are easier to process and have reduced cross-linking and branching as compared to similar polymers produced in bulk by enzyme-catalyzed reactions.
摘要翻译： 使用Langmuir-Blodgett技术合成酶催化聚合物的方法。 在一个实施方案中，该方法包括将一种或多种可酶聚合的单体铺在水混溶性溶剂上。 单体具有足够的表面活性，使得它们自己在空气 - 溶剂界面上对准。 接下来，向界面施加压力以形成由单体组成的单层。 然后将酶引入溶剂中，引起单体在单层中的聚合。 通过本发明方法制备的聚合物单层与通过酶催化反应在本体产生的类似聚合物相比更容易加工并且具有减少的交联和支化。
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公开(公告)号：US06455285B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-24
申请号：US09639411
申请日：2000-08-14
IPC分类号： C12P762
CPC分类号： C12P7/625
摘要： Protease enzyme from Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus sp. Catalyzes the acylation of organic solvent-insoluble macromolecules in isooctane solution containing vinyl esters of fatty acids, lactones or lactides as acyl donors. The reaction occurs only when the enzyme is solubilized via ion-pairing with the anionic surfactant dioctylsulfosuccinate, sodium salt (AOT). Enzyme based acylation was demonstrated in macromolecules such as silk proteins. These macromolecules are reactive either as cryogenically milled powder suspended in the organic solvent or as a thin film deposited onto ZnSe slides. This selective acylation approach represents the first attempt at using enzymes to modify organic-insoluble macromolecules in nonaqueous media.
摘要翻译： 来自枯草芽孢杆菌和芽孢杆菌的蛋白酶 催化有机溶剂不溶性大分子在含有脂肪酸，内酯或丙交酯的乙烯基酯作为酰基供体的异辛烷溶液中的酰化反应。 仅当酶通过与阴离子表面活性剂二辛基磺基琥珀酸盐钠盐（AOT）的离子配对溶解时才发生反应。 在大分子如丝蛋白中证明了酶的酰化作用。 这些大分子作为悬浮在有机溶剂中的低温研磨粉末或沉积在ZnSe载片上的薄膜是反应性的。 这种选择性酰化方法代表了在非水介质中使用酶来修饰有机不溶性大分子的第一次尝试。
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