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公开(公告)号：US06424099B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-23
申请号：US09776698
申请日：2001-02-06
申请人： Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , Gary K. Bass , Jesse F. Copsey , William E. Garber, Jr. , Vincent H. Kwong , Izrail Levin , Donald A. MacLennan , Robert J. Roy , Paul E. Steiner , Peter Tsai , Brian P. Turner
发明人： Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , Gary K. Bass , Jesse F. Copsey , William E. Garber, Jr. , Vincent H. Kwong , Izrail Levin , Donald A. MacLennan , Robert J. Roy , Paul E. Steiner , Peter Tsai , Brian P. Turner
IPC分类号： H05B4116
CPC分类号： H05B41/24 , H01J61/025 , H01J61/52 , H01J65/044 , H01J65/048 , Y02B20/22
摘要： An ultra bright, low wattage inductively coupled electrodeless aperture lamp is powered by a solid state RF source in the range of several tens to several hundreds of watts at various frequencies in the range of 400 to 900 MHz. Numerous novel lamp circuits and components are disclosed including a wedding ring shaped coil having one axial and one radial lead, a high accuracy capacitor stack, a high thermal conductivity aperture cup and various other aperture bulb configurations, a coaxial capacitor arrangement, and an integrated coil and capacitor assembly. Numerous novel RF circuits are also disclosed including a high power oscillator circuit with reduced complexity resonant pole configuration, parallel RF power FET transistors with soft gate switching, a continuously variable frequency tuning circuit, a six port directional coupler, an impedance switching RF source, and an RF source with controlled frequency-load characteristics. Numerous novel RF control methods are disclosed including controlled adjustment of the operating frequency to find a resonant frequency and reduce reflected RF power, controlled switching of an impedance switched lamp system, active power control and active gate bias control.
摘要翻译： 超亮度，低瓦数的电感耦合无电极孔径灯由在400至900MHz范围内的各种频率的几十到几百瓦的范围内的固态RF源供电。 公开了许多新颖的灯电路和组件，其包括具有一个轴向和一个径向引线，高精度电容器堆叠，高导热孔杯和各种其他孔径灯泡配置的结婚戒指线圈，同轴电容器布置和集成线圈 和电容器组件。 还公开了许多新颖的RF电路，包括具有降低复杂度的谐振极配置的高功率振荡器电路，具有软门开关的并联RF功率FET晶体管，连续可变频率调谐电路，六端口定向耦合器，阻抗切换RF源和 具有受控频率负载特性的RF源。 公开了许多新颖的RF控制方法，包括操作频率的受控调整以找到谐振频率并减少反射RF功率，阻抗开关灯系统的受控切换，有功功率控制和有源栅极偏置控制。
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公开(公告)号：US06313587B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-06
申请号：US09434310
申请日：1999-11-05
申请人： Donald A. MacLennan , Lauren E. Dymond, Jr. , Aleksandr Gitsevich , William G. Grimm , Kent Kipling , Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , Samuel A. Ola , James E. Simpson , William C. Trimble , Peter Tsai , Brian P. Turner
发明人： Donald A. MacLennan , Lauren E. Dymond, Jr. , Aleksandr Gitsevich , William G. Grimm , Kent Kipling , Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , Samuel A. Ola , James E. Simpson , William C. Trimble , Peter Tsai , Brian P. Turner
IPC分类号： H05B4116
CPC分类号： H01J61/125 , H01J61/025 , H01J61/12 , H01J61/52 , H01J61/523 , H01J65/044 , H01J65/048 , H05B41/24 , Y02B20/22
摘要： A high frequency inductively coupled electrodeless lamp includes an excitation coil with an effective electrical length which is less than one half wavelength of a driving frequency applied thereto, preferably much less. The driving frequency may be greater than 100 MHz and is preferably as high as 915 MHz. Preferably, the excitation coil is configured as a non-helical, semi-cylindrical conductive surface having less than one turn, in the general shape of a wedding ring. At high frequencies, the current in the coil forms two loops which are spaced apart and parallel to each other. Configured appropriately, the coil approximates a Helmholtz configuration. The lamp preferably utilizes an bulb encased in a reflective ceramic cup with a pre-formed aperture defined therethrough. The ceramic cup may include structural features to aid in alignment and I or a flanged face to aid in thermal management. The lamp head is preferably an integrated lamp head comprising a metal matrix composite surrounding an insulating ceramic with the excitation integrally formed on the ceramic. A novel solid-state oscillator preferably provides RF power to the lamp. The oscillator is a single active element device capable of providing over 70 watts of power at over 70% efficiency. Various control circuits may be employed to adjust the driving frequency of the oscillator.
摘要翻译： 高频电感耦合无电极灯包括具有小于施加到其上的驱动频率的一半波长的有效电长度的励磁线圈，优选地少得多。 驱动频率可以大于100MHz，优选高达915MHz。 优选地，激励线圈被配置为具有小于一圈的非螺旋，半圆柱形导电表面，具有结婚戒指的一般形状。 在高频时，线圈中的电流形成两个彼此间隔开并平行的环。 配置适当，线圈接近亥姆霍兹配置。 灯优选地利用封装在反射陶瓷杯中的灯泡，其中形成有预先形成的孔。 陶瓷杯可以包括有助于对准的结构特征和I或法兰面以辅助热管理。 灯头优选是集成灯头，其包括围绕绝缘陶瓷的金属基体复合体，其中整体形成在陶瓷上的激发。 新颖的固态振荡器优选地向灯提供RF功率。 振荡器是能够以超过70％效率提供超过70瓦功率的单个有源元件器件。 可以采用各种控制电路来调节振荡器的驱动频率。
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公开(公告)号：US6137237A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-24
申请号：US228230
申请日：1999-01-11
申请人： Donald A. MacLennan , Brian P. Turner , James T. Dolan , Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , Yongzhang Leng
发明人： Donald A. MacLennan , Brian P. Turner , James T. Dolan , Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , Yongzhang Leng
CPC分类号： H05B41/24 , H01J61/12 , H01J61/125 , H01J61/523 , H01J65/044 , H01J65/048 , Y02B20/22
摘要： A high frequency inductively coupled electrodeless lamp includes an excitation coil with an effective electrical length which is less than one half wavelength of a driving frequency applied thereto, preferably much less. The driving frequency may be greater than 100 MHz and is preferably as high as 915 MHz. Preferably, the excitation coil is configured as a non-helical, semi-cylindrical conductive surface having less than one turn, in the general shape of a wedding ring. At high frequencies, the current in the coil forms two loops which are spaced apart and parallel to each other. Configured appropriately, the coil approximates a Helmholtz configuration. The lamp preferably utilizes an bulb encased in a reflective ceramic cup with a pre-formed aperture defined therethrough. The ceramic cup may include structural features to aid in alignment and/or a flanged face to aid in thermal management. The lamp head is preferably an integrated lamp head comprising a metal matrix composite surrounding an insulating ceramic with the excitation integrally formed on the ceramic. A novel solid-state oscillator preferably provides RF power to the lamp. The oscillator is a single active element device capable of providing over 70 watts of power at over 70% efficiency. Various control circuits may be employed to match the driving frequency of the oscillator to a plurality of tuning states of the lamp.
摘要翻译： 高频电感耦合无电极灯包括具有小于施加到其上的驱动频率的一半波长的有效电长度的励磁线圈，优选地少得多。 驱动频率可以大于100MHz，优选高达915MHz。 优选地，激励线圈被配置为具有小于一圈的非螺旋，半圆柱形导电表面，具有结婚戒指的一般形状。 在高频时，线圈中的电流形成两个彼此间隔开并平行的环。 配置适当，线圈接近亥姆霍兹配置。 灯优选地利用封装在反射陶瓷杯中的灯泡，其中形成有预先形成的孔。 陶瓷杯可以包括有助于对准的结构特征和/或凸缘面以辅助热管理。 灯头优选是集成灯头，其包括围绕绝缘陶瓷的金属基体复合体，其中整体形成在陶瓷上的激发。 新颖的固态振荡器优选地向灯提供RF功率。 振荡器是能够以超过70％效率提供超过70瓦功率的单个有源元件器件。 可以采用各种控制电路来将振荡器的驱动频率与灯的多个调谐状态相匹配。
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公开(公告)号：US06509675B2
公开(公告)日：2003-01-21
申请号：US09874374
申请日：2001-06-06
IPC分类号： H01J6504
CPC分类号： H01J61/35 , H01J61/025 , H01J61/12 , H01J61/38 , H01J65/044
摘要： A discharge lamp includes means for containing a light emitting fill, the fill being capable of absorbing light at one wavelength and re-emitting the light at a different wavelength, the light emitted from the fill having a first spectral power distribution in the absence of reflection of light back into the fill; means for exciting the fill to cause the fill to emit light; and means for reflecting some of the light emitted by the fill back into the fill while allowing some light to exit, the exiting light having a second spectral power distribution with proportionately more light in the visible region as compared to the first spectral power distribution, wherein the light re-emitted by the fill is shifted in wavelength with respect to the absorbed light and the magnitude of the shift is in relation to an effective optical path length. Another discharge lamp includes an envelope; a fill which emits light when excited disposed in the envelope; a source of excitation power coupled to the fill to excite the fill and cause the fill to emit light; and a reflective ceramic structure disposed around the envelope and defining an light emitting opening, wherein the structure comprises a sintered body built up directly on the envelope and made from a combination of alumina and silica.
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公开(公告)号：US06617806B2
公开(公告)日：2003-09-09
申请号：US09776914
申请日：2001-02-06
申请人： Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , James T. Dolan , Donald A. MacLennan , Brian P. Turner , James E. Simpson
发明人： Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , James T. Dolan , Donald A. MacLennan , Brian P. Turner , James E. Simpson
IPC分类号： H05B4116
CPC分类号： H01J65/044 , Y02B20/22
摘要： An electrodeless microwave discharge lamp includes a source of microwave energy, a microwave cavity, a structure configured to transmit the microwave energy from the source to the microwave cavity, a bulb disposed within the microwave cavity, the bulb including a discharge forming fill which emits light when excited by the microwave energy, and a reflector disposed within the microwave cavity, wherein the reflector defines a reflective cavity which encompasses the bulb within its volume and has an inside surface area which is sufficiently less than an inside surface area of the microwave cavity. A portion of the reflector may define a light emitting aperture which extends from a position closely spaced to the bulb to a light transmissive end of the microwave cavity. Preferably, at least a portion of the reflector is spaced from a wall of the microwave cavity. The lamp may be substantially sealed from environmental contamination. The cavity may include a dielectric material is a sufficient amount to require a reduction in the size of the cavity to support the desired resonant mode.
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公开(公告)号：US06310443B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-30
申请号：US09616995
申请日：2000-07-14
申请人： Donald A. MacLennan , Brian P. Turner , Aleksandr Gitsevich , Gary K. Bass , James T. Dolan , Kent Kipling , Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , Yongzhang Leng , Izrail Levin , Robert J. Roy , Bruce Shanks , Malcolm Smith , William C. Trimble , Peter Tsai
发明人： Donald A. MacLennan , Brian P. Turner , Aleksandr Gitsevich , Gary K. Bass , James T. Dolan , Kent Kipling , Douglas A. Kirkpatrick , Yongzhang Leng , Izrail Levin , Robert J. Roy , Bruce Shanks , Malcolm Smith , William C. Trimble , Peter Tsai
IPC分类号： H05B4116
CPC分类号： H05B41/24 , H01J61/12 , H01J61/125 , H01J61/523 , H01J65/044 , H01J65/048 , Y02B20/22
摘要： A jacketed lamp bulb envelope includes a ceramic cup having an open end and a partially closed end, the partially closed end defining an aperture, a lamp bulb positioned inside the ceramic cup abutting the aperture, and a reflective ceramic material at least partially covering a portion of the bulb not abutting the aperture. The reflective ceramic material may substantially fill an interior volume of the ceramic cup not occupied by the bulb. The ceramic cup may include a structural feature for aiding in alignment of the jacketed lamp bulb envelope in a lamp. The ceramic cup may include an external flange about a periphery thereof. One example of a jacketed lamp bulb envelope includes a ceramic cup having an open end and a closed end, a ceramic washer covering the open end of the ceramic cup, the washer defining an aperture therethrough, a lamp bulb positioned inside the ceramic cup abutting the aperture, and a reflective ceramic material filling an interior volume of the ceramic cup not occupied by the bulb. A method of packing a jacketed lamp bulb envelope of the type comprising a ceramic cup with a lamp bulb disposed therein includes the steps of filling the ceramic cup with a flowable slurry of reflective material, and applying centrifugal force to the cup to pack the reflective material therein.
摘要翻译： 夹套的灯泡外壳包括具有开口端和部分封闭端的陶瓷杯，部分封闭端限定孔，位于陶瓷杯内部邻接孔的灯泡和至少部分覆盖部分的反射陶瓷材料 的灯泡不与光圈邻接。 反射陶瓷材料可以基本上填充未被灯泡占据的陶瓷杯的内部容积。 陶瓷杯可以包括用于帮助灯管中的夹套灯泡灯泡对准的结构特征。 陶瓷杯可以包括围绕其周边的外部凸缘。 夹套灯泡外壳的一个实例包括具有开口端和封闭端的陶瓷杯，覆盖陶瓷杯的开口端的陶瓷垫圈，垫圈限定穿过其中的孔，位于陶瓷杯内部的灯泡 孔，以及填充未被灯泡占据的陶瓷杯的内部容积的反射陶瓷材料。 包装一种包括陶瓷杯的类型的夹套灯泡外壳的方法包括设置在其中的灯泡的方法包括以下步骤：用反射材料的可流动浆料填充陶瓷杯，并将离心力施加到杯子以将反射材料 其中。
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公开(公告)号：US06291936B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-18
申请号：US09147309
申请日：1998-11-25
IPC分类号： H01J6504
CPC分类号： H01J61/025 , H01J61/12 , H01J61/35 , H01J61/38 , H01J65/044
摘要： A discharge lamp includes an envelope, a fill which emits light when excited disposed in the envelope, a source of excitation power coupled to the fill to excite the fill and cause the fill to emit light, and a reflector disposed around the envelope and defining an opening, the reflector being configured to reflect some of the light emitted by the fill back into the fill while allowing some light to exit through the opening. The reflector may be made from a material having a similar thermal index of expansion as compared to the envelope and which is closely spaced to the envelope. The envelope material may be quartz and the reflector material may be either silica or alumina. The reflector may be formed as a jacket having a rigid structure which does not adhere to the envelope. The lamp may further include an optical clement spaced from the envelope and configured to reflect an unwanted component of light which exited the envelope back into the envelope through the opening in the reflector. Light which can be beneficially recaptured includes selected wavelength regions, a selected polarization, and selected angular components.
摘要翻译： 一种放电灯包括一个外壳，一个在被设置在外壳中时被激发的发光的填充物，耦合到该填充物以激发该填充物并引起该填充物发光的激励功率源，以及设置在该封套周围的反射器， 开口，反射器被配置为将由填充物发射的一些光反射回填充物，同时允许一些光通过开口离开。 反射器可以由与封套相比具有相似的热膨胀指数的材料制成，且与密封件紧密地间隔开。 外壳材料可以是石英，反射器材料可以是二氧化硅或氧化铝。 反射器可以形成为具有刚性结构的护套，其不粘附到封套。 灯可以进一步包括与信封间隔开的光学元件，并被配置为通过反射器中的开口反射离开信封的光的不想要的部分回到信封中。 可以有益地重新捕获的光包括所选择的波长区域，选定的极化和选择的角度分量。
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公开(公告)号：US06246160B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-12
申请号：US09309272
申请日：1999-05-11
IPC分类号： H01J6504
CPC分类号： H01J61/35 , H01J61/025 , H01J61/12 , H01J61/38 , H01J65/044
摘要： An electrodeless microwave discharge lamp includes an envelope with a discharge forming fill disposed therein which emits light, the fill being capable of absorbing light at one wavelength and re-emitting the absorbed light at a different wavelength, the light emitted from the fill having a first spectral power distribution in the absence of reflection of light back into the fill, a source of microwave energy coupled to the fill to excite the fill and cause the fill to emit light, and a reflector disposed within the microwave cavity and configured to reflect at least some of the light emitted by the fill back into the fill while allowing some light to exit, the exiting light having a second spectral power distribution with proportionately more light in the visible region as compared to the first spectral power distribution, wherein the light re-emitted by the fill is shifted in wavelength with respect to the absorbed light and the magnitude of the shift is in relation to an effective optical path length.
摘要翻译： 一种无电极微波放电灯包括一个其中设置有放电形成填充物的发射光的外壳，该填充物能够吸收一个波长的光并且以不同的波长再次发射吸收的光，从填充物发射的光具有第一 在不存在将光反射回填充物的情况下的光谱功率分布，耦合到填充物的微波能量源以激发填充物并使填充物发光;以及反射器，其布置在微波腔内并被配置为至少反射 与第一光谱功率分布相比，退出的光具有第二光谱功率分布，在可见光区域中具有比例地更多的光，其中光再次发生， 由填充物发射的波长相对于吸收的光发生波长偏移，移位的大小与有效的o有关 路径长度
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公开(公告)号：US06252346B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-26
申请号：US09616994
申请日：2000-07-14
申请人： Brian P. Turner , Kent Kipling , Bruce Shanks , Malcolm Smith
发明人： Brian P. Turner , Kent Kipling , Bruce Shanks , Malcolm Smith
IPC分类号： H01J162
CPC分类号： H05B41/24 , H01J61/12 , H01J61/125 , H01J61/523 , H01J65/044 , H01J65/048 , Y02B20/22
摘要： An integrated lamp head for an electrodeless lamp includes a metal-matrix composite enclosure, an insulating ceramic encased by the metal-matrix enclosure, the insulating ceramic having an interior surface, and an excitation structure integrally formed on the interior surface of the insulating ceramic. The excitation structure may include an excitation coil such as a wedding ring shaped excitation coil or a coil having a cross sectional shape similar to an upper-case Greek letter omega. The integrated lamp head optionally includes a pre-formed connection from an exterior portion of the integrated lamp head to the excitation structure and/or a conductive insert in an area of a solder connection point.
摘要翻译： 一种用于无电极灯的集成灯头包括金属基复合外壳，由金属基体外壳包围的绝缘陶瓷，绝缘陶瓷具有内表面，以及一体地形成在绝缘陶瓷的内表面上的激励结构。 励磁结构可以包括诸如结婚戒指形激励线圈的激励线圈或具有类似于大写希腊字母ω的横截面形状的线圈。 集成灯头可选地包括从集成灯头的外部部分到激励结构的预成形连接和/或焊接连接点的区域中的导电插入件。
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公开(公告)号：US5670842A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-23
申请号：US438600
申请日：1995-05-10
IPC分类号： G03F7/20 , H01J61/02 , H01J61/12 , H01J61/35 , H01J61/38 , H01J61/52 , H01J61/54 , H01J65/04 , H01J17/20 , H01J61/18
CPC分类号： H01J61/025 , G03F7/70016 , H01J61/04 , H01J61/12 , H01J61/24 , H01J61/35 , H01J61/38 , H01J61/52 , H01J61/54 , H01J61/82 , H01J65/042 , H01J65/044 , H01J65/046 , H01J65/048
摘要： Ignition of an electrodeless lamp, energized by microwave or radio energy, is achieved by disposing an additive material in the lamp envelope along with the primary fill material. In a first embodiment, the additive is at least partially electrically conductive at room temperatures but non-conductive or a vapor at lamp operating temperatures. The preferred additives for this embodiment are mercury sulfide and mercury selenide. In a second embodiment, the additive is a material, such as piezoelectric crystals, that produces sparks in the envelope when the crystals collide with each other, or with other materials, in response to agitation of the envelope. The additive may alternatively build up electrostatic charge by rubbing along the interior surface of the lamp envelope when the envelope is agitated, the charge build up being sufficient to ignite the primary fill material.
摘要翻译： 通过微波或无线电能量激发的无电极灯的点火是通过将添加剂材料与主填充材料一起设置在灯壳中来实现的。 在第一实施方案中，添加剂在室温下至少部分导电，但是在灯工作温度下为非导电或蒸气。 该实施方案的优选添加剂是硫化汞和硒化汞。 在第二个实施方案中，添加剂是当晶体相互碰撞或与其它材料相互碰撞时，在外壳中产生火花的材料，例如压电晶体。 添加剂可替代地当包封被搅动时沿着灯壳的内表面摩擦地堆积静电电荷，电荷积聚足以点燃主填充材料。
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