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公开(公告)号：US4228188A
公开(公告)日：1980-10-14
申请号：US883907
申请日：1978-03-06
摘要： An improved method of mashing and lautering. A mash is formed having a high malt to water ratio in the range of about 0.30 to 0.45 to 1. After mashing, and prior to lautering, the mash is diluted with water to produce an equivalent malt-to-water ratio below 0.25 to 1 and generally in the range of about 0.19 to 0.22 to 1. The diluted mash is then lautered by standard procedures to separate the wort from the spent grains. Due to the high concentration of malt in the mash, the conversion yield, or the amount of dissolved solids extracted from the malt, is increased and the dilution prior to lautering not only reduces the time for lautering but also upsets the concentration equilibrium between the liquids and grains, causing a further improvement in the extract yield.
摘要翻译： 改进的糖化和过滤方法。 形成麦芽汁与水的比例在约0.30至0.45至1的范围内。在糖化之后，并且在过滤之前，用水稀释糊状物以产生低于0.25至1的等效麦芽糖与水的比例 并且通常在约0.19至0.22至1的范围内。然后通过标准程序将稀释的醪液过滤以将麦芽汁与废谷物分离。 由于麦芽中的高浓度麦芽，转化率或从麦芽中提取的溶解固体的量增加，并且在过滤之前的稀释度不仅减少了打纬的时间，而且使得液体之间的浓度平衡变得混乱 和谷物，导致提取物产量进一步提高。
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公开(公告)号：US4166141A
公开(公告)日：1979-08-28
申请号：US824393
申请日：1977-08-15
IPC分类号： C12H1/04
CPC分类号： C12H1/04
摘要： Malt beverages such as beer containing small quantities of proteinaceous and tannin materials which react to form a precipitate that renders the beverage hazy or cloudy when chilled are stabilized by passing the beverage through a fluidized bed of adsorbent particles such as polyvinylpyrrolidone or silica gel to adsorb the proteinaceous and/or tannin materials. A portion of the adsorbent bed containing adsorbed material is continuously removed and regenerated by separating the adsorbed material from the adsorbant particles, and the regenerated adsorbant particles are returned to the bed. The use of the fluidized bed provides a high concentration of adsorbant to promote increased efficiency, while enabling the adsorbant to be continuously regenerated and reused.
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公开(公告)号：US06508917B1
公开(公告)日：2003-01-21
申请号：US10155711
申请日：2002-05-24
IPC分类号： B01D300
CPC分类号： B01D15/08 , B01D3/146 , C07C253/34 , C07C255/03
摘要： A method and apparatus for purifying acetonitrile from low grade acetonitriles. Low grade acetonitrile from DNA synthesis, HPLC and pharmaceutical drug manufacturing process wastes which comprise acetonitrile, a first set of impurities having a lower boiling temperature than acetonitrile and a second set of impurities having a boiling temperature greater than acetonitrile are processed to produce a purified acetonitrile by first introducing the low grade acetonitrile into a first distillation column and separating the acetonitrile and first set of impurities from the second set of impurities, the acetonitrile and first set of impurities being drawn as a vapor from the first distillation column, the second set of impurities being produced as the first distillation column bottoms. The vapor is then condensed to produce a feed stream that is introduced into a second distillation column where the first set of impurities are separated from the acetonitrile, the purified acetonitrile being collected as the second distillation column bottoms.
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4.发明授权Method and apparatus for purifying low grade acetonitrile and other constituents from hazardous waste 失效从危险废物中净化低级乙腈和其他成分的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US06395142B1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-28
申请号：US09419710
申请日：1999-10-14
IPC分类号： B01D300
CPC分类号： B01D15/08 , B01D3/146 , C07C253/34 , C07C255/03
摘要： A method and apparatus for purifying acetonitrile from low grade acetonitriles. Low grade acetonitrile from DNA synthesis, HPLC and pharmaceutical drug manufacturing process wastes which comprise acetonitrile, a first set of impurities having a lower boiling temperature than acetonitrile and a second set of impurities having a boiling temperature greater than acetonitrile are processed to produce a purified acetonitrile by first introducing the low grade acetonitrile into a first distillation column and separating the acetonitrile and first set of impurities from the second set of impurities, the acetonitrile and first set of impurities being drawn as a vapor from the first distillation column, the second set of impurities being produced as the first distillation column bottoms. The vapor is then condensed to produce a feed stream that is introduced into a second distillation column where the first set of impurities are separated from the acetonitrile, the purified acetonitrile being collected as the second distillation column bottoms.
摘要翻译： 一种从低级乙腈纯化乙腈的方法和装置。 来自DNA合成的低级乙腈，HPLC和药物制造过程废物，其包括乙腈，沸点温度低于乙腈的第一组杂质和沸点温度大于乙腈的第二组杂质，以产生纯化的乙腈 通过首先将低级乙腈引入第一蒸馏塔并从第二组杂质中分离乙腈和第一组杂质，乙腈和第一组杂质作为蒸气从第一蒸馏塔中抽出，第二组 作为第一蒸馏塔塔底产生杂质。 然后将蒸气冷凝以产生引入第二蒸馏塔的进料流，其中第一组杂质与乙腈分离，纯化的乙腈作为第二蒸馏塔底部收集。
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公开(公告)号：US4692478A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-08
申请号：US839513
申请日：1986-03-14
摘要： The process of preparing a formaldehyde-free, thermosetting resin which is especially useful for bonding lignocellulosic materials together to form plywood or particle board, which process comprises first reacting an aqueous preparation containing a carbohydrate raw material with a mineral acid to convert the carbohydrate to polymerizable reactants and second reacting the polymerizable reactants with ammonia to form the thermosetting resin. The resin can be further cross-linked to form an insoluble resinous material by heating.
摘要翻译： 制备无甲醛的热固性树脂的方法，其特别可用于将木质纤维素材料粘合在一起以形成胶合板或刨花板，该方法包括首先使含有碳水化合物原料的水性制剂与无机酸反应以将碳水化合物转化为可聚合的 反应物，然后使可聚合反应物与氨反应形成热固性树脂。 树脂可以进一步交联以通过加热形成不溶性树脂材料。
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公开(公告)号：US3965188A
公开(公告)日：1976-06-22
申请号：US430563
申请日：1974-01-03
摘要： Hop extract in, e.g., hexane, pre-isomerized, optionally pre-reduced, is extracted with aqueous KOH to give potassium isohumulate of 80%+ and preferably 90%+ purity. The hexane phase containing the remainder of the isohumulones is stripped of solvent and is suitable for kettle addition. In order to prevent foaming during subsequent concentration, the aqueous extract containing about 6% solids is acidified to a pH less than the pK.sub.a of isohumulone and is concentrated under reduced pressure. After concentration, the material is treated with KOH to form the water soluble isohumulone salt which is added to beer post-kettle. At a critical optimum pH range, dependent upon the ratio of water to hexane phase used in the initial extraction, from 0.1 to 0.75 of the isohumulones may be extracted in the highly purified form. A generalized technique for establishing conditions that will give such desired fractions and residues is disclosed.
摘要翻译： 例如己烷，预先异构化，任选预还原的啤酒花提取物用KOH水溶液萃取，得到80％+，优选90％+纯度的异构体钾。 除去剩余的异葎草酮类的己烷相，除去溶剂，适用于加热釜。 为了防止随后浓缩期间发泡，将含约6％固体的含水提取物酸化至小于异葎草酮的pKa的pH，并在减压下浓缩。 浓缩后，用KOH处理材料，形成水溶性异葎草酮盐，将其加入到啤酒后釜中。 在临界最适pH范围内，取决于初始萃取中使用的水与己烷相的比例，0.1至0.75的异葎草酮类可以以高度纯化的形式提取。 公开了一种用于建立将产生所需部分和残余物的条件的通用技术。
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