摘要:
Monopolar, bipolar, and hydrid filter press electrolytic cells for electrolytic processes utilizing a novel method of introducing and removing electrical energy are disclosed. The invention contemplates a novel low pressure, high surface contact area connecting means for joining the anode element and cathode element of electrode assemblies. The invention also contemplates a low pressure, high surface contact area contact of the current distributor member to the back plate.
摘要:
Monopolar, bipolar, and hybrid filter press electrolytic cells for electrolytic processes utilizing a novel method of introducing and removing electrical energy are disclosed. The invention contemplates a novel low pressure, high surface contact area connecting means for joining the anode element and cathode element of electrode assemblies. The invention also contemplates a low pressure, high surface contact area contact of the current distributor member to the back plate.
摘要:
The present invention resides in part in a process for removing a multivalent metal ion contaminant such as can be found in an acidic waste water. The waste water may also contain one or more extraneous metals such as copper. This process aspect then more particularly involves the steps of (1) simultaneously reducing said multivalent contaminant to a lower valence state and said extraneous metal to a metal state, while at the same time inhibiting reoxidation of the multivalent contaminant to a higher valence state; and (2) removing the multivalent contaminant which has been inhibited from reoxidation.
摘要:
A composition and method of manufacture of electrodes having controlled electrochemical activity to allow the electrodes to be designed for a variety of electro-oxidation processes. The electrodes are comprised of a compact coating deposited onto a conductive substrate, the coating being formed as multiple layers of a mixture of one or more platinum group metal oxides and one or more valve metal oxides. The formation of multiple layers allows the concentrations of platinum group metal and valve metal to be varied for each layer as desired for an application. For example, an electrode structure can be manufactured for use as an anode in electroplating processes, such that the oxidation of the organic additives in the electrolyte is markedly inhibited. Another electrode can be manufactured to operate at high anodic potentials in aqueous electrolytes to generate strong oxidants, e.g., hydrogen peroxide or ozone.
摘要:
A fluid contamination analyzer employs one or more MEMS-based sensors. The sensors are incorporated into probes or alternatively may be employed in an in-line analyzer residing in the fluid. The sensors, which can be selective to detect a distinct contaminant within the fluid, sense an impedance of the fluid, which is a function of its contamination and communicates the impedance to analysis circuitry.
摘要:
The present invention resides in an anode structure as well as in an electrolytic cell utilizing the anode structure. The anode structure comprises a resilient anode sheet having an active anode surface, and a support substructure for the anode sheet. The anode substructure has a predetermined configuration. Means are provided for flexing the anode sheet onto the anode substructure so that the anode sheet conforms to the configuration of the anode substructure and at the same time provides an adequate electrical junction for uniform current distribution.
摘要:
A battery assembly of the consumable metal anode type has now been constructed for ready assembly as well as disassembly. In a non-conductive and at least substantially inert cell body, space is provided for receiving an open-structured, non-consumable anode cage. The cage has an open top for facilitating insertion of an anode. A modular cathode is used, comprising a peripheral current conductor frame clamped about a grid reinforced air cathode in sheet form. The air cathode may be double gridded. The cathode frame can be sealed, during assembly, with electrolyte-resistant-sealant as well as with adhesive. The resulting cathode module can be assembled outside the cell body and readily inserted therein, or can later be easily removed therefrom.
摘要:
An arrangement for an electrical connector is disclosed comprising a first conductor member, an oppositely spaced second conductor member, a reticulated electrical interface therebetween, and means for fastening together the first and second members and the reticulated electrical interface. In one embodiment the arrangement comprises a high current bus connector. In another arrangement an electrolytic cell is provided. The reticulated interface comprises a network of open-pore cells constructed of an electrically-conductive material. The arrangement is preferably assembled such that the reticulated network is compressed between the first and second conductor members to deform and mateably engage the members for close, current-communicative cooperation therebetween. In another embodiment of the present invention, the reticulate interface material includes side wall portions having a plurality of reticulate edge points on the side wall surfaces. In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, the reticulate interface material is corrugated with ridges and grooves. A variation of the corrugation includes bumps or raised projections, which may alternate with depressions or dimples.
摘要:
A composition and method of manufacture of electrodes having controlled electrochemical activity to allow the electrodes to be designed for a variety of electro-oxidation processes. The electrodes are comprised of a compact coating deposited onto a conductive substrate, the coating being formed as multiple layers of a mixture of one or more platinum group metal oxides and one or more valve metal oxides. The formation of multiple layers allows the concentrations of platinum group metal and valve metal to be varied for each layer as desired for an application. For example, an electrode structure can be manufactured for use as an anode in electroplating processes, such that the oxidation of the organic additives in the electrolyte is markedly inhibited. Another electrode can be manufactured to operate at high anodic potentials in aqueous electrolytes to generate strong oxidants, e.g., hydrogen peroxide or ozone.
摘要:
An aqueous electrolyte aluminum-air battery comprises one or more cells, each cell comprising a frame which defines an electrolyte chamber. The frame is made of a rigid material inactive to the electrolyte. The cell has a consumable aluminum anode and an air cathode spaced from the anode by said electrolyte chamber. Means are provided for admitting electrolyte solution into the electrolyte chamber. A vent exposes the electrolyte chamber to atmosphere. A hydrophobic membrane which is impermeable to the passage of electrolyte but permeable to the passage of hydrogen closes the vent. A surface of each cell anode is exposed to the flow of air. The amount of surface exposed is effective to dissipate heat generated at the anode.