Abstract:
Methods are provided for producing Group I base stocks having high viscosity and also having one or more properties indicative of a high quality base stock. The resulting Group I base stocks can have a viscosity at 100° C. and/or a viscosity at 40° C. that is greater than the corresponding viscosity for a conventional Group I bright stock formed by solvent processing. Additionally, the resulting Group I base stocks can have one or more properties that are indicative of a high quality base stock.
Abstract:
A composition that includes one or more compounds represented by the formula (R1)a(X)(R2)b wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and are the residue of an alkyl group having from about 4 to about 40 carbon atoms, X is the residue of at least one polycyclic, heteroatom-containing, hydrocarbon compound, a is a value from 1 to about 8, and b is a value from 0 to about 8. The composition has a viscosity (Kv100) from about 2 to about 300 at 100° C. as determined by ASTM D-445, and a viscosity index (VI) from about −100 to about 300 as determined by ASTM D-2270. The disclosure also relates to a process for producing the composition, a lubricating oil base stock and lubricating oil containing the composition, and a method for improving oxidative stability of a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil containing the composition.
Abstract:
This disclosure relates to heat transfer fluids for use in heat transfer systems. The heat transfer fluids comprise at least one non-aqueous dielectric heat transfer fluid. The non-aqueous dielectric heat transfer fluid has density (ρ), specific heat (cp), and dynamic viscosity (μ) properties. The heat transfer fluids have a normalized effectiveness factor (NEFfluid) as determined by the following equation: N E F fluid = DEF fluid DEF reference ; wherein DEFfluid is a dimensional effectiveness factor for the heat transfer fluid that is determined based on an equation designated in Table 1 below for a selected pump and a selected heat transfer circuit dominant flow regime; wherein DEFreference is a dimensional effectiveness factor for a reference fluid that is determined using the same equation designated in Table 1 for DEFfluid above for the same selected pump and the same selected heat transfer circuit dominant flow regime; and TABLE 1 (Heat Transfer Fluid and Reference Fluid) Selected Heat Transfer Circuit Flow Regime Transition Selected PumpLaminar(Blasius) Positive Displacement Pumpρ1 cp1 μ−1ρ0.25 cp1 μ−0.25 Centrifugal Pumpρ0.19 cp1 μ−0.19ρ0.04 cp1 μ−0.04 wherein the heat transfer fluid has a NEFfluid value equal to or greater than 1.0. This disclosure also provides a method for improving performance of a heat transfer system, a method for improving performance of an apparatus, and a method for selecting a heat transfer fluid for use in a heat transfer system. The heat transfer fluids and methods of this disclosure are applicable in situations where the heat transfer system is dominated by heat conveyance.
Abstract:
Methods are provided for producing Group III base stocks having high viscosity and also having one or more properties indicative of a high quality base stock. The resulting Group III base stocks can have a viscosity at 100° C. and/or a viscosity at 40° C. that is greater than the corresponding viscosity for a conventional Group III base stock. Additionally, the resulting Group III base stocks can have one or more properties that are indicative of a high quality base stock.
Abstract:
A composition that includes one or more compounds represented by the formula R1—O—R2 wherein R1 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl or polyaryl group having from about 4 to about 40 carbon atoms, and R2 is a substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched, alkyl group having from about 4 to about 40 carbon atoms. The composition has a viscosity (Kv100) from about 1 to about 10 cSt at 100° C. as determined by ASTM D-445, a viscosity index (VI) from about −100 to about 300 as determined by ASTM D-2270, and a Noack volatility of no greater than 50 percent as determined by ASTM D-5800. The disclosure also relates to a process for producing the composition, a lubricating oil base stock and lubricating oil containing the composition, and a method of reducing boundary friction and improving dispersancy of polar additives of a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil containing the composition.
Abstract:
This disclosure relates to heat transfer fluids for use in heat transfer systems. The heat transfer fluids comprise at least one non-aqueous dielectric heat transfer fluid. The non-aqueous dielectric heat transfer fluid has density (ρ), specific heat (cp), and dynamic viscosity (μ) properties. The heat transfer fluids have a normalized effectiveness factor (NEFfluid) as determined by the following equation: N E F fluid = D E F fluid D E F reference ; wherein DEFfluid is a dimensional effectiveness factor for the heat transfer fluid that is determined based on an equation designated in Table 1 below for a selected pump and a selected heat transfer circuit dominant flow regime; wherein DEFreference is a dimensional effectiveness factor for a reference fluid that is determined using the same equation designated in Table 1 for DEFfluid above for the same selected pump and the same selected heat transfer circuit dominant flow regime; and TABLE 1 (Heat Transfer Fluid and Reference Fluid) Selected Heat Transfer Circuit Flow Regime Selected Pump Laminar Transition (Blasius) Positive Displacement Pump ρ1 cp1 μ−1 ρ0.25 cp1 μ−0.25 Centrifugal Pump ρ0.19 cp1 μ−0.19 ρ0.04 cp1 μ−0.04 wherein the heat transfer fluid has a NEFfluid value equal to or greater than 1.0. This disclosure also provides a method for improving performance of a heat transfer system, a method for improving performance of an apparatus, and a method for selecting a heat transfer fluid for use in a heat transfer system. The heat transfer fluids and methods of this disclosure are applicable in situations where the heat transfer system is dominated by heat conveyance.
Abstract:
Methods are provided for producing Group I base stocks having high viscosity and also having one or more properties indicative of a high quality base stock. The resulting Group I base stocks can have a viscosity at 100° C. and/or a viscosity at 40° C. that is greater than the corresponding viscosity for a conventional Group I bright stock formed by solvent processing. Additionally, the resulting Group I base stocks can have one or more properties that are indicative of a high quality base stock.
Abstract:
Methods are provided for producing Group III base stocks having high viscosity and also having one or more properties indicative of a high quality base stock. The resulting Group III base stocks can have a viscosity at 100° C. and/or a viscosity at 40° C. that is greater than the corresponding viscosity for a conventional Group III base stock. Additionally, the resulting Group III base stocks can have one or more properties that are indicative of a high quality base stock.
Abstract:
Disclosed are thermal management fluids for electric systems and methods of application. An example thermal management fluid may comprise: a base oil as a major component, wherein the base oil has both of the following enumerated properties: (i) a branch content of about 15 mol. % to about 30 mol. %; and (ii) a naphthene content of about 30 wt. % or less.
Abstract:
Methods are provided for producing Group II base stocks having high viscosity and also having one or more properties indicative of a high quality base stock. The resulting Group II base stocks can have a viscosity at 100° C. and/or a viscosity at 40° C. that is greater than the corresponding viscosity for a conventional Group II base stock. Additionally, the resulting Group II base stocks can have one or more properties that are indicative of a high quality base stock.