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公开(公告)号：US4871147A
公开(公告)日：1989-10-03
申请号：US070105
申请日：1987-07-02
申请人： Edgar Muschelknautz , Ernst Becker , Adalbert Bartsch , Lars Kersten , Georg Gospos , Gerhard Berndt
发明人： Edgar Muschelknautz , Ernst Becker , Adalbert Bartsch , Lars Kersten , Georg Gospos , Gerhard Berndt
摘要： An apparatus is described which serves for a pyrometallurgical processing of fine-grained solids suspended in high-oxygen gases, comprising a generally horizontally extending cylindrical vessel and a combustion shaft, which communicates with and vertically opens into the vessel which is provided with a gas outlet opening and with an opening for discharging molten material. An almost complete separation of the molten particles is effected in that the mouth of the combustion shaft tangentially opens into the vessel at the entrance of a spiral-shaped entrance passage, which opens into a discharge slot, which is formed in the shell of the vessel and which in the lower portion of the shell of the substantially cylindrical vessel extends substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vessel.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于对悬浮在高氧气体中的细粒固体进行火法冶金加工的装置，其包括大致水平延伸的圆柱形容器和燃烧轴，其与容器连通并竖直地打开，该容器设有气体出口 开口并具有用于排出熔融材料的开口。 实现熔融颗粒几乎完全分离的原因在于，在螺旋形入口通道的入口处，燃烧轴的口切向地进入容器，该螺旋形入口通道开口形成在容器壳体中的排放槽 并且其在基本上圆柱形容器的壳体的下部中基本上平行于容器的纵向轴线延伸。
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公开(公告)号：US4533376A
公开(公告)日：1985-08-06
申请号：US576045
申请日：1984-02-01
CPC分类号： C03B37/06
摘要： A process for finely dividing melts according to the nozzle drawing process is described wherein the pressure gradient of the gas flowing into the inlet opening of the drawing nozzle is increased by the provision of obstacles to that flow of gas. The obstacles may be streams or jets of gas directed a traverse of the flow of gas.
摘要翻译： 描述根据喷嘴拉丝工艺精细分割熔体的方法，其中通过为该气流提供障碍物，流入拉伸喷嘴入口的气体的压力梯度增加。 障碍物可能是气体流或喷流引导气体流动。
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公开(公告)号：US4353781A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-12
申请号：US66737
申请日：1979-08-15
申请人： Edgar Muschelknautz , Rudolf Juse
发明人： Edgar Muschelknautz , Rudolf Juse
IPC分类号： B01D1/00 , B01D3/06 , B01J19/00 , B04C5/00 , B04C5/04 , B04C5/081 , B04C5/085 , B04C5/20 , B04C5/26 , B04C7/00 , F25D7/00
CPC分类号： B01D3/06 , B01J19/0013 , B04C5/00 , B01J2219/00103 , B01J2219/00128 , Y02P70/34
摘要： The invention relates to a device for cooling liquids containing solids by expansion comprising of cyclone which consists of an inlet chamber and a separating part, the cross-section of the inlet chamber being 5 to 30 times greater than that of the product delivery pipe which opens into the inlet chamber, and said inlet chamber before opening into the ring chamber becoming continuously reduced in width and continuously increased in height, and the separating part, to which the inlet chamber is tangentially attached, consisting of a ring chamber below which there is a separating cylinder of smaller diameter, these two parts being connected by a sloping surface.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于冷却包含固体的液体的装置，包括由入口室和分离部分组成的旋风分离器，入口室的横截面比打开的产品输送管的横截面大5至30倍 进入入口室，并且所述入口室在打开到环形室之前变得连续地减小宽度并且连续地增加高度，并且入口室切向地附接到的分离部分由环形室组成，下方有一个 较小直径的分离滚筒，这两个部分通过倾斜表面连接。
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公开(公告)号：US4337074A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-29
申请号：US251808
申请日：1981-04-07
申请人： Edgar Muschelknautz , Norbert Rink
发明人： Edgar Muschelknautz , Norbert Rink
IPC分类号： C03B37/06 , D04H1/4209 , D04H1/4226 , D04H1/72 , D04H1/732 , D04H1/736
CPC分类号： D04H1/4209 , C03B37/06 , D04H1/4226 , D04H1/72 , D04H1/732 , D04H1/736
摘要： In a process for the production of mineral wool fibers according to the jet blast process, comprising issuing at least one melt stream from at least one opening in the base of a melting crucible into a converging-diverging drawing nozzle, flowing a gaseous blasting medium into the nozzle substantially parallel to the melt stream so as to separate the melt stream into fibers, the blasting medium being drawn into the nozzle by suction due to a drop in pressure produced between the nozzle inlet and outlet, and passing the fibers and sent blasting gas into a diffuser connected downstream of the nozzle to reduce the gas rate of flow, the improvements which comprise effecting(a) a maximum drop pressure in the inlet of the drawing nozzle;(b) a minimum drop pressure in the diverging portion of the drawing nozzle over a maximum length without separation (transition) of the laminar boundary layer;(c) the subsequent pressure conversion initially with a shock at a constant cross-section of the drawing nozzle and subsequently in a subsonic diffuser.
摘要翻译： 在根据喷射吹塑方法生产矿棉纤维的方法中，包括从熔融坩埚的基底中的至少一个开口发出至少一个熔体流到会聚发散的拉伸喷嘴，将气体喷射介质流入 所述喷嘴基本上平行于所述熔体流，以将所述熔体流分离成纤维，所述喷射介质由于在所述喷嘴入口和出口之间产生的压力下降而通过抽吸被吸入所述喷嘴中，并且通过所述纤维并且将所述喷射气体 进入连接在喷嘴下游的扩散器以降低气体流速，其包括影响（a）拉丝喷嘴入口中的最大下降压力; （b）拉伸喷嘴的发散部分在最大长度上的最小降压，而不分层（过渡）层流边界层; （c）随后的压力转换，首先在拉伸喷嘴的恒定横截面处，随后在亚音速扩散器中进行冲击。
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5.发明授权Method and apparatus for placing thread in a texturing apparatus at supersonic speeds 失效用于以超声速度将纱线放置在纹理装置中的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4240187A
公开(公告)日：1980-12-23
申请号：US956115
申请日：1978-10-30
申请人： Heiko Herold , Richard Herold , Rudolf Klee , Edgar Muschelknautz
发明人： Heiko Herold , Richard Herold , Rudolf Klee , Edgar Muschelknautz
CPC分类号： D02G1/161 , B65H51/16 , D01H15/007 , B65H2701/31
摘要： An airstream impinging laterally on a thread can convey a running thread through an opening. This "placing" of threads in nozzles fails at elevated thread speeds. According to the invention, placing succeeds even at high thread speeds if a strong stream of propelling gas is divided in the nozzle into edge streams which are deflected outwards and a fine central stream which conveys the thread through the narrow opening.
摘要翻译： 在横向上撞击螺纹的气流可以将运行的螺纹传送通过开口。 螺纹在喷嘴中的“放置”在升高的螺纹速度下失效。 根据本发明，如果将强大的推进气流在喷嘴中分成向外偏转的边缘流，以及将线穿过狭窄的开口的细中央流，则即使在高螺纹速度下也能成功。
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公开(公告)号：US4219380A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-26
申请号：US886495
申请日：1978-03-14
申请人： Edgar Muschelknautz , Rudolf Juse
发明人： Edgar Muschelknautz , Rudolf Juse
IPC分类号： B01D1/00 , B01D3/06 , B01J19/00 , B04C5/00 , B04C5/04 , B04C5/081 , B04C5/085 , B04C5/20 , B04C5/26 , B04C7/00 , F25D7/00
CPC分类号： B01D3/06 , B01J19/0013 , B04C5/00 , B01J2219/00103 , B01J2219/00128 , Y02P70/34
摘要： The invention relates to a device for cooling liquids containing solids by expansion comprising of cyclone which consists of an inlet chamber and a separating part, the cross-section of the inlet chamber being 5 to 30 times greater than that of the product delivery pipe which opens into the inlet chamber, and said inlet chamber before opening into the ring chamber becoming continuously reduced in width and continuously increased in height, and the separating part, to which the inlet chamber is tangentially attached, consisting of a ring chamber below which there is a separating cylinder of smaller diameter, these two parts being connected by a sloping surface.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于冷却包含固体的液体的装置，包括由入口室和分离部分组成的旋风分离器，入口室的横截面比打开的产品输送管的横截面大5至30倍 进入入口室，并且所述入口室在打开到环形室之前变得连续地减小宽度并且连续地增加高度，并且入口室切向地附接到的分离部分由环形室组成，下方有一个 较小直径的分离滚筒，这两个部分通过倾斜表面连接。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4622195A
公开(公告)日：1986-11-11
申请号：US586578
申请日：1984-03-06
摘要： Polyacrylonitrile filaments and fibers may be obtained without interruption by spinning the spinning solution into a hot-air spinning duct, washing, drawing, crimping, preparing, steaming, drying cooling and, optionally, cutting at a take-off rate kept at 150 to 400 m/minute and for a tow weight of from 10 to 100 g/m when(a) the washing process is carried out in several stages on the countercurrent principle and a vibrating duct is used for transporting the spun tow through the washing process,(b) drawing is carried out before and/or after washing in a steam atmosphere at 100.degree. to 120.degree. C.,(c) crimping is carried out in an aerodynamic crimping unit using a hot, gaseous medium under a pressure of from 5 to 16 bars and at a temperature in the range from 50.degree. to 210.degree. C.,(d) the preparation is continuously applied to the tow before, during or after crimping,(e) for steaming, the tow is transported through a steaming apparatus in folded form and in the absence of tension on a vibrating duct and, at the same time, treated with steam at 100.degree. to 120.degree. C.,(f) finally, the tow is dried in folded form on a belt dryer using hot air at 60.degree. to 180.degree. C., subsequently cooled with cold air to temperatures below 50.degree. C. and, optionally, delivered to a cutting machine.
摘要翻译： 可以通过将纺丝溶液旋转成热风纺丝管，洗涤，拉伸，卷曲，制备，蒸煮，干燥冷却和任选地以保持在150至400的起飞速率进行切割而获得聚丙烯腈长丝和纤维 （a）按照逆流原理在数个阶段进行洗涤过程，并且使用振动管道通过洗涤过程输送纺丝丝束（m / min，丝束重量为10-100g / m 2） b）在100-120℃的蒸汽气氛中洗涤之前和/或之后进行拉伸，（c）在空气动力学压接单元中使用热气体介质在5〜 16巴，温度范围为50至210℃，（d）在卷曲之前，期间或之后将制品连续施加到丝束上，（e）蒸汽时，丝束通过蒸汽装置 以折叠的形式和在没有紧张的情况下 振动管道，同时用100-120℃的蒸汽处理，（f）最后，使用60℃至180℃的热空气将丝束以折叠形式在带式干燥机上干燥，随后 用冷空气冷却到低于50℃的温度，并且任选地被输送到切割机。
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8.发明授权Method of and apparatus for picking up refuse from a surface, such as a track bed 失效从表面拾取垃圾的方法和装置，例如轨道床
公开(公告)号：US4570287A
公开(公告)日：1986-02-18
申请号：US613601
申请日：1984-05-23
CPC分类号： E01H1/0863 , E01H8/00
摘要： To clean the ballast bed of a railroad track, a wheeled vehicle movable over the ballast bed contains a blower for generating a positive flow of air and a suction flow. A suction port is located on the vehicle spaced a given distance above the ballast bed. A pipe section outlet is located around the suction port. The positive flow of air is directed through the pipe section outlet so that it provides a circular air flow about the downward projection of the suction port. The circular air flow sweeps the surface of the ballast bed and any refuse swept up is drawn into the suction port by the suction flow generated by the blower.
摘要翻译： 为了清洁铁轨的压载床，可以在压载床上移动的轮式车辆包含用于产生正的空气流和抽吸流的鼓风机。 吸入口位于车辆上方，距离压载舱上方一定距离。 管段出口位于吸入口周围。 空气的正向流动通过管道部分出口，使得其围绕吸入口的向下突出部提供圆形的气流。 圆形空气流扫过压载床的表面，任何垃圾被吸入口通过鼓风机产生的吸力吸入吸入口。
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9.发明授权Process for producing mineral wool fibers while reducing the velocity of flowing media 失效生产矿棉纤维同时降低流动介质速度的方法
公开(公告)号：US4553996A
公开(公告)日：1985-11-19
申请号：US589450
申请日：1984-03-14
摘要： A method for the reduction of the velocity of dispersions of fine particles in gas is described, in which the dispersion is divided into a plurality of mass flows M which are conveyed each to a subsonic diffuser to reduce the velocity from V.sub.1 to V.sub.2, wherein the product of mass flow M and density velocity ration S.sub.1 V.sub.1 /S.sub.2 V.sub.2 is less than 10 kg/sec.The method is particularly useful in the manufacture of mineral wool, where the mineral wool fibers are first obtained being dispersed in a high velocity gas stream.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于降低气体中细颗粒分散速度的方法，其中分散体被分成多个质量流M，每个质量流M被传送到亚音速扩散器以将速度从V1降低到V2，其中 质量流量M和密度速度比S1 = S2 / S2 V2的乘积小于10kg / sec。 该方法在矿物棉的制造中特别有用，其中首先将矿棉纤维分散在高速气流中。
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公开(公告)号：US4472329A
公开(公告)日：1984-09-18
申请号：US438149
申请日：1982-11-01
申请人： Edgar Muschelknautz , Norbert Rink
发明人： Edgar Muschelknautz , Norbert Rink
CPC分类号： C03B37/06
摘要： In the production of fibers by blast drawing in which primary filaments are produced from a liquid stream, reduced to fibers and drawn on passing through a draw nozzle by drawing gas streams flowing substantially parallel to the primary filaments, the improvement which comprises surrounding the drawing gas streams over at least part of their length and inside the draw nozzle in the direction of flow by parallel boundary gas streams having at most the same flow velocity as the drawing gas streams. Advantageously the parallel boundary gas streams are formed by that part of a circular flow produced on both sides of the drawing gas stream which is in contact with the drawing gas stream, the flow velocity of the parallel boundary gas streams amounts to between about 60 and 80% of the velocity of the drawing gas streams, the drawing gas streams having a velocity of from about 360 to 500 m/s, the volume flow of the parallel boundary gas streams amounting to between about 20 and 60% of the volume flow of the inlet stream, the drawing gas streams and the parallel boundary gas streams being driven by a pressure gradient generated by power jets in the draw nozzle. A corresponding novel draw nozzle is provided. The inner walls of the nozzle do not undergo the erosive/abrasive wear characteristic of other draw nozzles.
摘要翻译： 在通过喷射拉制生产纤维的过程中，其中初级细丝由液体流产生，被还原成纤维并且通过拉伸流过基本上平行于初级细丝的气流而通过拉丝喷嘴拉伸，其改进包括围绕拉伸气体 在至少一部分长度上并且在牵引喷嘴内部沿着流动方向流过具有与牵引气流最多相同流速的平行边界气流。 有利的是，平行的边界气流由与抽吸气体流接触的抽吸气流的两侧产生的圆形流的部分形成，平行边界气流的流速为约60至80 拉伸气流的速度的百分比，拉制气体流具有约360-500m / s的速度，平行边界气体流的体积流量约为该流体的体积流量的约20％至60％ 入口流，抽吸气流和平行边界气流由在喷嘴中的动力射流产生的压力梯度驱动。 提供了相应的新颖的喷嘴。 喷嘴的内壁不会受到其它拉伸喷嘴的腐蚀/磨损磨损特性的影响。
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