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1.发明授权Carbon fiber reinforced fluorocarbon-graphite bipolar current collector-separator 失效碳纤维增强氟碳石墨双极集电器分离器
公开(公告)号：US4339322A
公开(公告)日：1982-07-13
申请号：US142583
申请日：1980-04-21
IPC分类号： C08K7/06 , C08K13/04 , C25B9/00 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/20 , C25B11/10 , H01M8/02 , C25B11/00 , C25B11/12
CPC分类号： C25B9/206 , C08K13/04 , C08K7/06 , C25B9/00 , C25B9/04 , H01M8/0213 , H01M8/0226
摘要： A bipolar current collector-separator for electrochemical cells consists of a molded aggregate of electro-conductive graphite and a thermoplastic fluoropolymer particles reinforced with carbon fibers to increase the strength and maintain high electrical conductivity. The graphite and the thermoplastic fluoropolymer are combined in weight ratio ranging from 2.5:1 to 16:1. The carbon fibers may constitute from 10 to 80 weight percent of the conductive graphite. The bulk resistivity of such a molded bipolar current collector is less than 4.times.10.sup.-3 ohm inches (.sigma. in.) It has excellent corrosion resistance to a variety of feed stocks such as brine, aqueous HCl, water, etc. and to various electrolysis products, such as caustic, chlorine, hydrogen, etc.This invention relates to a molded, conductive, fiber reinforced, current collecting-separator structure for electrochemical cells and, more particularly, to one utilizing thermoplastic fluoropolymer resin binders for bonding electroconductive particles into a solid, current collecting-separator structure reinforced by carbon or graphite fibers or fiber structures.
摘要翻译： 用于电化学电池的双极集电器分离器由导电石墨的模制聚集体和用碳纤维增强的热塑性氟聚合物颗粒组成，以增加强度并保持高导电性。 石墨和热塑性氟聚合物以2.5:1至16:1的重量比组合。 碳纤维可以占导电石墨的10至80重量％。 这种模制的双极集电器的体电阻率小于4×10-3欧姆英寸（西格玛）它对各种原料如盐水，HCl水溶液，水等具有优异的耐腐蚀性，以及各种电解产品 ，诸如苛性碱，氯，氢等。本发明涉及一种用于电化学电池的模制的，导电的，纤维增强的电流收集分离器结构，更具体地，涉及一种利用热塑性含氟聚合物树脂粘合剂将导电颗粒粘结成固体 ，由碳或石墨纤维或纤维结构增强的电流收集分离器结构。
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公开(公告)号：US4210512A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-01
申请号：US1879
申请日：1979-01-08
摘要： A unique, current conducting, separator element with controlled anolyte flow distribution is incorporated in an electrolysis cell having anode and cathode electrodes bonded to an ion transporting membrane. The current conducting-fluid distributing separator has a plurality of parallel conductive ribs which contact the anode electrode and also define a plurality of fluid distribution channels through which an anolyte such as water, is brought to the electrode and through which gaseous electrolysis products and the spent anolyte are removed from the anolyte chamber. A pressure dropping flow restrictor is provided in the channel inlets to prevent gases generated at the anode from flowing backward and blocking the anolyte distribution inlet manifold. The pressure dropping element can take the form of a restrictor to reduce the dimension of the channel. Alternatively the separator is molded so that the inlets of the channels have a reduced cross section.
摘要翻译： 具有受控阳极液流动分布的独特的导电分离器元件被并入具有结合到离子传输膜的阳极和阴极电极的电解池中。 当前的导电流体分配分离器具有多个平行的导电肋，其接触阳极电极并且还限定多个流体分配通道，阳极电解液例如水被引入电极，通过该导电肋通过气体电解产物和废弃物 阳极电解液从阳极电解液室中取出。 在通道入口处设置有压降流量限制器，以防止在阳极处产生的气体向后流动并堵塞阳极电解液分配入口歧管。 减压元件可以采取限流器的形式来减小通道的尺寸。 或者，分离器被模制，使得通道的入口具有减小的横截面。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4214969A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-29
申请号：US489
申请日：1979-01-02
申请人： Richard J. Lawrance
发明人： Richard J. Lawrance
CPC分类号： H01M8/0226 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/206 , H01M8/0213 , H01M8/0247 , H01M8/0221 , H01M8/0245
摘要： A bipolar current collector-separator for electrochemical cells consists of a molded aggregate of electro-conductive graphite and a thermoplastic fluoropolymer combined in a weight ratio of 2.5:1 to 16:1. The bulk resistivity of such a molded bipolar current collector-separator is less than 4.times.10.sup.-3 ohm inches (.OMEGA. in.). It has excellent corrosion resistance to a variety of feedstocks such as brine, aqueous HCl, etc. and to various electrolysis products such as caustic, chlorine, hydrogen, etc. In one alternative form the anodic side of a current collector-separator for a water electrolyzer is covered by a thin layer of a passivated metallic foil thus protecting the graphite current collector against attack by oxygen.
摘要翻译： 用于电化学电池的双极集电器分离器由导电石墨的模制聚集体和以2.5:1至16:1的重量比组合的热塑性含氟聚合物组成。 这种模制的双极集电器隔板的体电阻率小于4×10-3欧姆英寸（欧米茄）。 它对各种原料如盐水，HCl水溶液以及各种电解产物如苛性碱，氯，氢等具有优异的耐腐蚀性。在一种替代形式中，用于水的集电器 - 分离器的阳极侧 电解槽由钝化金属箔的薄层覆盖，从而保护石墨集电器免受氧的侵蚀。
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公开(公告)号：US4294608A
公开(公告)日：1981-10-13
申请号：US134853
申请日：1980-03-27
摘要： A method of making substantially oxide-free metal alloys is described. The alloys are made by a hot alkaline reduction of compounds of at least two metals, such as the halides of the metals dissolved in an aqueous medium containing a reducing agent. The dissolved metal compounds containing a first reducing agent are added to a second reducing agent, in a alkaline medium, and the substantially oxide-free, finely-divided alloy precipitates from solution. The alloy has a unique X-ray diffraction pattern indicating that it is a true alloy with no metal oxides present. In a preferred embodiment, ruthenium and platinum chlorides are dissolved in water containing a dissolved reducing agent. This solution is added to a second reducing agent in an alkaline medium at elevated temperatures, and a finely-divided black precipitate of a true alloy of ruthenium and platinum forms. The X-ray diffraction pattern shows a distorted ruthenium structure having platinum in solid solution. Oxygen evolution catalysis was substantially improved in an electrochemical cell having a catalytic cathode made of this alloy of platinum and ruthenium.
摘要翻译： 描述了制造基本上无氧化物的金属合金的方法。 合金是通过至少两种金属的化合物的热碱还原制成的，例如溶解在含有还原剂的水性介质中的金属的卤化物。 将含有第一还原剂的溶解的金属化合物在碱性介质中加入到第二还原剂中，并且基本上无氧化物的细碎合金从溶液中沉淀出来。 该合金具有独特的X射线衍射图，表明它是没有金属氧化物的真正的合金。 在优选的实施方案中，将钌和氯化铂溶解在含有溶解的还原剂的水中。 将该溶液在升高的温度下在碱性介质中加入到第二还原剂中，形成钌和铂的真正合金的微细黑色沉淀物。 X射线衍射图显示了在固溶体中具有铂的扭曲的钌结构。 在具有由铂和钌合金制成的催化阴极的电化学电池中，氧析出催化作用显着改善。
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5.发明授权Method of making solid polymer electrolyte catalytic electrodes and electrodes made thereby 失效由此制成固体高分子电解质催化电极和电极的方法
公开(公告)号：US4272353A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-09
申请号：US125825
申请日：1980-02-29
申请人： Richard J. Lawrance , Linda D. Wood
发明人： Richard J. Lawrance , Linda D. Wood
CPC分类号： H01M8/1004 , C25B9/10 , Y02P70/56
摘要： A method of making electrodes using a solid polymer electrolyte base member and catalyst is disclosed. Before the catalyst is deposited upon the surface of the solid polymer electrolyte, the surface is treated by a suitable abrading or roughening means which contacts the surface of the solid polymer electrolyte base member in at least two directions. In a preferred mode, the solid polymer electrolyte membrane is abraded with a silicon carbide sheet to provide the desired roughness. The catalyst is deposited upon the roughened or abraded surface and fixed thereto by suitable means, e.g., pressure and/or heat. By this method, substantially reduced loadings of catalysts are possible. Solid polymer electrolyte catalytic electrodes made by this method are superior to prior art electrodes having substantially higher catalytic loadings when used as anodes in water electrolysis.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种使用固体聚合物电解质基底和催化剂制造电极的方法。 在催化剂沉积在固体聚合物电解质的表面之前，通过在至少两个方向上接触固体聚合物电解质基底表面的合适的研磨或粗糙化装置处理表面。 在优选的模式中，固体聚合物电解质膜用碳化硅片磨损以提供所需的粗糙度。 催化剂沉积在粗糙或磨损的表面上并通过合适的方式例如压力和/或热量固定在其上。 通过这种方法，可以显着降低催化剂的负载量。 通过该方法制备的固体聚合物电解质催化电极优于当在水电解中用作阳极时具有显着较高催化负载量的现有技术电极。
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