公开(公告)号：US09096800B2

公开(公告)日：2015-08-04

申请号：US13751634

申请日：2013-01-28

Applicant: Frank H. Shu ,  Michael J. Cai ,  Fen-Tair Luo

Inventor： Frank H. Shu ,  Michael J. Cai ,  Fen-Tair Luo

IPC: C10B35/00 ,  C10L5/44 ,  C10L9/08 ,  C10B57/14 ,  C10B49/14 ,  C10B53/02

CPC classification number: C10B35/00 ,  C10B49/14 ,  C10B53/02 ,  C10B57/14 ,  C10L5/44 ,  C10L9/083 ,  Y02E50/10 ,  Y02E50/14 ,  Y02E50/15 ,  Y02E50/30

Abstract: A torrefaction system includes at least one pool containing a liquid heat transfer agent and a conveyor system. The heat transfer agent provides thermal contact with biomass fragments to heat the biomass fragments into biocoal. The conveyor system transports the biomass through the at least one pool in a first direction and transporting the biocoal in a second direction opposite to the first direction in the at least one pool. The heat transfer agent may be oil, paraffin, or molten salt. The conveyor system transports a continuous stream of the biomass fragments into the pools. The torrefaction apparatus further includes a gas collecting system that collects and separates condensable volatile organic compounds during the torrefaction process.

Abstract translation: 烘焙系统包括至少一个包含液体传热剂和输送系统的池。 传热剂提供与生物质碎片的热接触，将生物质碎片加热成生物炭。 输送机系统通过至少一个池沿着第一方向输送生物质并在至少一个池中沿与第一方向相反的第二方向运送生物炭。 传热剂可以是油，石蜡或熔盐。 输送系统将生物质碎片的连续流输送到池中。 烘焙装置还包括在烘焙过程中收集和分离可冷凝挥发性有机化合物的气体收集系统。

公开(公告)号：US07115762B2

公开(公告)日：2006-10-03

申请号：US10884844

申请日：2004-07-02

Applicant: Fen-Tair Luo

Inventor： Fen-Tair Luo

IPC: C07F15/00 ,  B01J31/00 ,  C07C253/00

CPC classification number: B01J31/1658 ,  B01J31/2239 ,  B01J31/2404 ,  B01J2231/4211 ,  B01J2231/4261 ,  B01J2231/4266 ,  B01J2531/0205 ,  B01J2531/824 ,  C07B2200/11 ,  C07C17/35 ,  C07C45/63 ,  C07C45/68 ,  C07C67/343 ,  C07F15/006 ,  Y02P20/584 ,  C07C25/28 ,  C07C49/807 ,  C07C49/796 ,  C07C49/782 ,  C07C69/618

Abstract: This invention relates to a recyclable palladacycle catalyst of formula in which each is a single bond or a double bond, provided that if one is a double bond, its neighboring is not a double bond; each of X and Z, independently, is —P(R′)—, —S—, —N(R′)—, or —N═, in which R′ is alkyl, aryl, cyclyl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; each of Y1 and Y2, independently, is an anion of an organic or inorganic acid; each of X1, X2, X3, Z1, Z2, and Z3, independently, is —C═, —CR″—, in which R″ is H, alkyl, aryl, cyclyl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; and each of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8, independently, is H, alkyl, aryl, cyclyl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, or R1, X, X1, and R2, together form a 3–8 membered ring, or R2, X1, X2, and R3, together form a 3–8 membered ring, or R3, X2, X3, and R4, together form a 3–8 membered ring, or R5, Z, Z1, and R6, together form a 3–8 membered ring, or R6, Z1, Z2, and R7, together form a 3–8 membered ring, or R7, Z2, Z3, and R8, together form a 3–8 membered ring; provided that one of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8, or the ring formed from R1, X, X1, and R2, or the ring formed from R2, X1, X2, and R3, or the ring formed from R3, X2, X3, and R4, or the ring formed from R5, Z, Z1, and R6, or the ring formed from R1, Z1, Z2, and R7, or the ring formed from R7, Z2, Z3, and R8 is connected to a first polymer. Also included in this invention are a method of promoting a coupling reaction using the above-described palladacycle compound and a method of making it.

公开(公告)号：US20130139432A1

公开(公告)日：2013-06-06

申请号：US13751634

申请日：2013-01-28

Applicant: Frank H. Shu ,  Michael J. Cai ,  Fen-Tair Luo

Inventor： Frank H. Shu ,  Michael J. Cai ,  Fen-Tair Luo

IPC: C10B35/00

CPC classification number: C10B35/00 ,  C10B49/14 ,  C10B53/02 ,  C10B57/14 ,  C10L5/44 ,  C10L9/083 ,  Y02E50/10 ,  Y02E50/14 ,  Y02E50/15 ,  Y02E50/30

Abstract: A torrefaction system includes at least one pool containing a liquid heat transfer agent and a conveyor system. The heat transfer agent provides thermal contact with biomass fragments to heat the biomass fragments into biocoal. The conveyor system transports the biomass through the at least one pool in a first direction and transporting the biocoal in a second direction opposite to the first direction in the at least one pool. The heat transfer agent may be oil, paraffin, or molten salt. The conveyor system transports a continuous stream of the biomass fragments into the pools. The torrefaction apparatus further includes a gas collecting system that collects and separates condensable volatile organic compounds during the torrefaction process.

Abstract translation: 烘焙系统包括至少一个包含液体传热剂和输送系统的池。 传热剂提供与生物质碎片的热接触，将生物质碎片加热成生物炭。 输送机系统通过至少一个池沿着第一方向输送生物质并在至少一个池中沿与第一方向相反的第二方向运送生物炭。 传热剂可以是油，石蜡或熔盐。 输送系统将生物质碎片的连续流输送到池中。 烘焙装置还包括在烘焙过程中收集和分离可冷凝挥发性有机化合物的气体收集系统。

公开(公告)号：US20060004216A1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-05

申请号：US10884844

申请日：2004-07-02

Applicant: Fen-Tair Luo

Inventor： Fen-Tair Luo

IPC: C07F15/00 ,  C07C2/18

CPC classification number: B01J31/1658 ,  B01J31/2239 ,  B01J31/2404 ,  B01J2231/4211 ,  B01J2231/4261 ,  B01J2231/4266 ,  B01J2531/0205 ,  B01J2531/824 ,  C07B2200/11 ,  C07C17/35 ,  C07C45/63 ,  C07C45/68 ,  C07C67/343 ,  C07F15/006 ,  Y02P20/584 ,  C07C25/28 ,  C07C49/807 ,  C07C49/796 ,  C07C49/782 ,  C07C69/618

Abstract: This invention relates to a recyclable palladacycle catalyst of formula in which each is a single bond or a double bond, provided that if one is a double bond, its neighboring is not a double bond; each of X and Z, independently, is —P(R′)—, —S—, —N(R′)—, or —N═, in which R′ is alkyl, aryl, cyclyl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; each of Y1 and Y2, independently, is an anion of an organic or inorganic acid; each of X1, X2, X3, Z1, Z2, and Z3, independently, is —C═, —CR″—, in which R″ is H, alkyl, aryl, cyclyl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; and each of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8, independently, is H, alkyl, aryl, cyclyl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, or R1, X, X1, and R2, together form a 3-8 membered ring, or R2, X1, X2, and R3, together form a 3-8 membered ring, or R3, X2, X3, and R4, together form a 3-8 membered ring, or R5, Z, Z1, and R6, together form a 3-8 membered ring, or R6, Z1, Z2, and R7, together form a 3-8 membered ring, or R7, Z2, Z3, and R8, together form a 3-8 membered ring; provided that one of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8, or the ring formed from R1, X, X1, and R2, or the ring formed from R2, X1, X2, and R3, or the ring formed from R3, X2, X3, and R4, or the ring formed from R5, Z, Z1, and R6, or the ring formed from R1, Z1, Z2, and R7, or the ring formed from R7, Z2, Z3, and R8 is connected to a first polymer. Also included in this invention are a method of promoting a coupling reaction using the above-described palladacycle compound and a method of making it.