公开(公告)号：US5428807A

公开(公告)日：1995-06-27

申请号：US79498

申请日：1993-06-17

申请人： Francis X. McKeen ,  Michael C. Adler ,  Joel S. Emer ,  Robert P. Nix ,  David J. Sager ,  P. Geoffrey Lowny

发明人： Francis X. McKeen ,  Michael C. Adler ,  Joel S. Emer ,  Robert P. Nix ,  David J. Sager ,  P. Geoffrey Lowny

IPC分类号： G06F9/38 ,  G06F9/00

CPC分类号： G06F9/3865 ,  G06F9/3834 ,  G06F9/3842 ,  G06F9/3863

摘要： There is provided a mechanism for propagating exception conditions in a computer system when instructions are subject to exception conditions. The apparatus includes a set of data registers for storing data manipulated by the instructions of the computer system, and a set of state registers for storing speculative states of data manipulated by the instructions, there being one state register associated with each data register. Furthermore, the apparatus includes a logic circuit, coupled to the set of state registers, for propagating the states from a source one of the state registers to a destination one of the state registers, if data stored in an associated source one of the data registers are used as a source for an associated destination one of data registers, and if data stored in the source data register were manipulated by a particular instruction subject to an exception condition.

摘要翻译： 当指令受到异常条件的限制时，提供了一种在计算机系统中传播异常情况的机制。 该装置包括一组数据寄存器，用于存储由计算机系统的指令操纵的数据，以及一组状态寄存器，用于存储由指令操纵的数据的推测状态，存在与每个数据寄存器相关联的一个状态寄存器。 此外，该装置包括耦合到一组状态寄存器的逻辑电路，用于将状态从状态寄存器中的一个状态寄存器传播到状态寄存器的目的地寄存器，如果数据存储在相关源中的一个数据寄存器 被用作相关联的目的地数据寄存器的源，并且如果存储在源数据寄存器中的数据被受异常条件的特定指令操纵。

公开(公告)号：US06704861B1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-09

申请号：US08752729

申请日：1996-11-19

申请人： Francis X. McKeen ,  Michael C. Adler ,  Joel S. Emer ,  Robert P. Nix ,  David J. Sager ,  P. Geoffrey Lowney

发明人： Francis X. McKeen ,  Michael C. Adler ,  Joel S. Emer ,  Robert P. Nix ,  David J. Sager ,  P. Geoffrey Lowney

IPC分类号： G06F938

CPC分类号： G06F9/3842 ,  G06F9/3851 ,  G06F9/3865

摘要： A mechanism for executing computer instructions in parallel includes a compiler for generating and grouping instructions into a plurality of sets of instructions to be executed in parallel, each set having a unique identification. A computer system having a real state and a speculative state executes the sets in parallel, the computer system executing a particular set of instructions in the speculative state if the instructions of the particular set have dependencies which can not be resolved until the instructions are actually executed. The computer system generates speculative data while executing instructions in the speculative state. Logic circuits are provided to detect any exception conditions which occur while executing the particular set in the speculative state. If the particular set is subject to an exception condition, the instructions of the set are re-executed to resolve the exception condition, and to incorporate the speculative data in the real state of the computer system.

摘要翻译： 用于并行执行计算机指令的机构包括：编译器，用于将指令生成和分组成并行执行的多组指令，每组具有唯一的标识。 具有实际状态和推测状态的计算机系统并行地执行集合，如果特定集合的指令具有在实际执行指令之前无法解析的依赖关系，则计算机系统在推测状态下执行特定指令集 。 计算机系统在推测状态下执行指令时生成推测数据。 提供逻辑电路以检测在推测状态下执行特定集合时发生的任何异常情况。 如果特定集合受到异常条件的影响，则重新执行该集合的指令以解决异常条件，并将推测数据并入计算机系统的实际状态。

公开(公告)号：US5420990A

公开(公告)日：1995-05-30

申请号：US79494

申请日：1993-06-17

申请人： Francis X. McKeen ,  Michael C. Adler ,  Joel S. Emer ,  Robert P. Nix ,  David J. Sager ,  P. Geoffrey Lowney

发明人： Francis X. McKeen ,  Michael C. Adler ,  Joel S. Emer ,  Robert P. Nix ,  David J. Sager ,  P. Geoffrey Lowney

IPC分类号： G06F9/38 ,  G06F9/30

CPC分类号： G06F9/3834 ,  G06F9/3842

摘要： An apparatus for enforcing that selected instructions are executed in a correct order, comprising a first content addressable memory for storing load addresses of data read from the memory by the selected instructions. The first content addressable memory comparing the store addresses with the load addresses of data to be written to the memory. The first content addressable memory generating a first signal, if one of the load addresses is identical to a subsequently compared one of the store addresses. The apparatus further including a second content addressable memory for storing and comparing states of the data read and written by the selected instructions. The second content addressable memory generating a second signal, if one of the stored states is identical to one of said compared states. The stored states including a program counter to repeat the execution of the selected instructions upon detecting the first and second signals.

摘要翻译： 用于执行所选指令的装置以正确的顺序执行，包括用于存储由所选择的指令从存储器读取的数据的加载地址的第一内容可寻址存储器。 第一内容可寻址存储器将存储地址与要写入存储器的数据的加载地址进行比较。 所述第一内容可寻址存储器产生第一信号，如果所述加载地址之一与随后比较的一个所述存储地址相同。 该装置还包括第二内容可寻址存储器，用于存储和比较由所选指令读和写的数据的状态。 如果存储状态之一与所述比较状态之一相同，则第二内容可寻址存储器产生第二信号。 所存储的状态包括在检测到第一和第二信号时重复所选指令的执行的程序计数器。

公开(公告)号：US5421022A

公开(公告)日：1995-05-30

申请号：US79309

申请日：1993-06-17

申请人： Francis X. McKeen ,  Michael C. Adler ,  Joel S. Emer ,  Robert P. Nix ,  David J. Sager ,  P. Geoffrey Lowney

发明人： Francis X. McKeen ,  Michael C. Adler ,  Joel S. Emer ,  Robert P. Nix ,  David J. Sager ,  P. Geoffrey Lowney

IPC分类号： G06F9/38 ,  G06F9/30 ,  G06F9/312 ,  G06F9/42 ,  G06F9/44

CPC分类号： G06F9/3865 ,  G06F9/3842

摘要： A compiler groups instructions into sets. The sets of instructions are related by data and control dependencies which are unresolvable by the compiler. Sets of instructions having unresolved dependencies are executed in a speculative state of the computer system under the assumption that an exception condition will not occur. However, if an exception condition does occur while executing a set of instructions in the speculative state, that exception condition is detected and the set of instructions is re-executed in a real state of the computer system to resolve the exception condition.

摘要翻译： 编译器将指令分组成集合。 指令集是由编译器无法解决的数据和控制依赖关系相关的。 在具有未解决的依赖性的指令集在假定不发生异常条件的假设下在计算机系统的推测状态下执行。 然而，如果在推测状态下执行一组指令时发生异常情况，则检测该异常条件，并且在计算机系统的实际状态中重新执行指令集以解决异常状况。

公开(公告)号：US6154828A

公开(公告)日：2000-11-28

申请号：US072632

申请日：1993-06-03

申请人： Joseph Dominic Macri ,  Francis X. McKeen ,  Joel S. Emer ,  William Robert Grundmann ,  Robert P. Nix ,  David Arthur James Webb, Jr.

发明人： Joseph Dominic Macri ,  Francis X. McKeen ,  Joel S. Emer ,  William Robert Grundmann ,  Robert P. Nix ,  David Arthur James Webb, Jr.

IPC分类号： G06F9/38

CPC分类号： G06F9/3853 ,  G06F9/3836 ,  G06F9/3838

摘要： A method and apparatus including means for storing an executable file which includes a group of bits which define functional operations and cycle bits associated with each functional operation and means for completing a variable number of the functional operations in parallel during a single execution cycle in accordance with a state of the associated cycle bit. The method and apparatus eliminates the need for complex data dependency checking hardware and allows a minimum amount of control logic to complete execution of executable files. The method and apparatus further minimizes the necessity of adding null operations (NOPs) to executable files which reduces the amount of storage space necessary to store the executable files and allows executable files to be used on multiple hardware implementations and for register values to be used for multiple purposes during single execution cycles.

摘要翻译： 一种方法和装置，包括用于存储可执行文件的装置，该可执行文件包括定义与每个功能操作相关联的功能操作和周期位的一组比特，以及用于在单个执行周期期间根据单个执行周期并行地完成可变数量的功能操作的装置 相关联的周期位的状态。 该方法和装置消除了对复杂数据依赖性检查硬件的需要，并允许最小量的控制逻辑来完成可执行文件的执行。 该方法和装置进一步最小化了对可执行文件添加空操作（NOP）的必要性，这减少了存储可执行文件所需的存储空间量，并允许在多个硬件实现上使用可执行文件，并且使用用于 在单个执行周期中有多个目的。

公开(公告)号：US5285323A

公开(公告)日：1994-02-08

申请号：US61273

申请日：1993-05-13

申请人： Ricky C. Hetherington ,  Francis X. McKeen ,  Joseph D. Marci ,  Tryggve Fossum ,  Joel S. Emer

发明人： Ricky C. Hetherington ,  Francis X. McKeen ,  Joseph D. Marci ,  Tryggve Fossum ,  Joel S. Emer

IPC分类号： G06F12/08

CPC分类号： G06F12/0897 ,  Y02B60/1225

摘要： A hierarchical cache memory includes a high-speed primary cache memory and a lower speed secondary cache memory of greater storage capacity than the primary cache memory. To manage a huge number of data lines interconnecting the primary and secondary cache memories, the hierarchical cache memory is integrated on a plurality of integrated circuits which include all of the interconnecting data lines. Each integrated circuit includes a primary memory and a secondary memory for storing and retrieving data transferred over a first data input line and a first data output line that link the primary memory to a central processing unit. At any given time, a multi-bit word is addressed in the secondary memory, and a corresponding multi-bit word is addressed in the primary memory. The primary and secondary memories are interconnected by a first multi-line bus for transferring a multi-bit word read from the secondary memory to the primary memory, and by a second multi-line bus for transferring a multi-bit word read from the primary memory to the secondary memory. The secondary memory is linked to a main memory by a second data output line and a second data input line for sequential transmission of bits to exchange multi-bit words during a writeback and refill operation. In a preferred embodiment, data inputs of the primary memory and the secondary memory are wired in parallel to a serial-parallel shift register that is used as a common write buffer.

摘要翻译： 分级缓存存储器包括高于主高速缓冲存储器的高速主缓存存储器和比主高速缓存存储器更大存储容量的较低速次级高速缓冲存储器。 为了管理互连主要和次要高速缓冲存储器的大量数据线，分层高速缓冲存储器集成在包括所有互连数据线的多个集成电路上。 每个集成电路包括主存储器和辅助存储器，用于存储和检索通过第一数据输入线传送的数据和将主存储器链接到中央处理单元的第一数据输出线。 在任何给定的时间，多位字在二级存储器中寻址，并且在主存储器中寻址相应的多位字。 主存储器和次存储器通过第一多行总线互连，用于将从副存储器读取的多位字传送到主存储器，以及用于传送从主存储器读取的多位字的第二多行总线 内存到二级内存。 次存储器通过第二数据输出线和第二数据输入线链接到主存储器，用于在写回和再填充操作期间顺序传输位以交换多位字。 在优选实施例中，主存储器和次存储器的数据输入与用作公共写入缓冲器的串行 - 并行移位寄存器并联布线。

公开(公告)号：US06981129B1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-27

申请号：US09705668

申请日：2000-11-02

申请人： Darrell D. Boggs ,  Douglas M. Carmean ,  Per H. Hammarlund ,  Francis X. McKeen ,  David J. Sager ,  Ronak Singhal

发明人： Darrell D. Boggs ,  Douglas M. Carmean ,  Per H. Hammarlund ,  Francis X. McKeen ,  David J. Sager ,  Ronak Singhal

IPC分类号： G06F9/38 ,  G06F9/30

CPC分类号： G06F9/3842 ,  G06F9/3861

摘要： Breaking replay dependency loops in a processor using a rescheduled replay queue. The processor comprises a replay queue to receive a plurality of instructions, and an execution unit to execute the plurality of instructions. A scheduler is coupled between the replay queue and the execution unit. The scheduler speculatively schedules instructions for execution and increments a counter for each of the plurality of instructions to reflect the number of times each of the plurality of instructions has been executed. The scheduler also dispatches each instruction to the execution unit either when the counter does not exceed a maximum number of replays or, if the counter exceeds the maximum number of replays, when the instruction is safe to execute. A checker is coupled to the execution unit to determine whether each instruction has executed successfully. The checker is also coupled to the replay queue to communicate to the replay queue each instruction that has not executed successfully.

摘要翻译： 使用重新安排的重播队列在处理器中重新播放依赖循环。 所述处理器包括用于接收多个指令的重放队列，以及执行所述多个指令的执行单元。 调度器耦合在重播队列和执行单元之间。 调度器推测性地调度用于执行的指令，并且为多个指令中的每一个递增计数器，以反映多个指令中的每一个已被执行的次数。 当计数器不超过最大重放次数时，或者当计数器超过最大重放次数时，当指令执行安全时，调度器也将每条指令分派给执行单元。 检查器耦合到执行单元以确定每个指令是否已成功执行。 检查器还耦合到重播队列，以便与未执行成功的每个指令通信给重播队列。

公开(公告)号：US06877086B1

公开(公告)日：2005-04-05

申请号：US09705678

申请日：2000-11-02

申请人： Darrell D. Boggs ,  Douglas M. Carmean ,  Per H. Hammarlund ,  Francis X. McKeen ,  David J. Sager ,  Ronak Singhal

发明人： Darrell D. Boggs ,  Douglas M. Carmean ,  Per H. Hammarlund ,  Francis X. McKeen ,  David J. Sager ,  Ronak Singhal

IPC分类号： G06F9/38 ,  G06F9/30

CPC分类号： G06F9/3842 ,  G06F9/3861

摘要： Rescheduling multiple micro-operations in a processor using a replay queue. The processor comprises a replay queue to receive a plurality of instructions and an execution unit to execute the plurality of instructions. A scheduler is coupled between the replay queue and the execution unit. The scheduler speculatively schedules instructions for execution and dispatches each instruction to the execution unit. A checker is coupled to the execution unit to determine whether each instruction has executed successfully. The checker is also coupled to the replay queue to communicate to the replay queue each instruction that has not executed successfully.

摘要翻译： 使用重放队列在处理器中重新安排多个微操作。 处理器包括用于接收多个指令的重放队列和执行多个指令的执行单元。 调度器耦合在重播队列和执行单元之间。 调度器推测性地安排执行指令并将每个指令分派到执行单元。 检查器耦合到执行单元以确定每个指令是否已成功执行。 检查器还耦合到重播队列，以便与未执行成功的每个指令通信给重播队列。

公开(公告)号：US08458464B2

公开(公告)日：2013-06-04

申请号：US12869639

申请日：2010-08-26

申请人： Francis X. McKeen ,  Lawrence O. Smith ,  Benjamin Crawford Chaffin ,  Michael P. Cornaby ,  Bryant Bigbee

发明人： Francis X. McKeen ,  Lawrence O. Smith ,  Benjamin Crawford Chaffin ,  Michael P. Cornaby ,  Bryant Bigbee

IPC分类号： G06F21/00

CPC分类号： G06F21/74 ,  G06F12/145 ,  G06F12/1491 ,  G06F21/52 ,  G06F21/53

摘要： A platform and method for secure handling of events in an isolated environment. A processor executing in isolated execution “IsoX” mode may leak data when an event occurs as a result of the event being handled in a traditional manner based on the exception vector. By defining a class of events to be handled in IsoX mode, and switching between a normal memory map and an IsoX memory map dynamically in response to receipt of an event of the class, data security may be maintained in the face of such events.

公开(公告)号：US20100050266A1

公开(公告)日：2010-02-25

申请号：US12606408

申请日：2009-10-27

申请人： Antonio S. Cheng ,  Francis X. McKeen

发明人： Antonio S. Cheng ,  Francis X. McKeen

IPC分类号： G06F12/14 ,  G06F21/00 ,  G06F12/10

CPC分类号： G06F12/145 ,  G06F12/1063

摘要： In one embodiment, the present invention provides for extended memory protection for memory of a system. The embodiment includes a method for associating a protection indicator of a protection record maintained outside of an application's data space with a memory location, and preventing access to the memory location based on the status of the protection indicator. In such manner, more secure operation is provided, as malicious code or other malware is prevented from accessing protected memory locations. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，本发明提供用于系统的存储器的扩展存储器保护。 该实施例包括一种用于将维护在应用程序的数据空间外部的保护记录的保护指示符与存储器位置相关联的方法，以及基于保护指示符的状态来阻止对存储器位置的访问。 以这种方式，提供更安全的操作，因为防止恶意代码或其他恶意软件访问受保护的存储器位置。 描述和要求保护其他实施例。