摘要:
In an optical-fiber coupler formed by disposing two single-mode optical fibers 1 and 2 in parallel, and fusing and elongating the optical fibers at one position in the longitudinal extent of the optical fibers 1 and 2, variation of insertion loss dependent on the polarization can be eliminated in its manufacturing by imparting a twist to the optical coupling part 3' of the fused-elongated portion 3 so that with respect to the direction of a line on a plane orthogonally intersecting the longitudinal direction of the optical fibers 1 and 2, the line linking the centers of the two optical fibers 1 and 2, the direction of the line on a plane at one end of the optical coupling part 3' of the fused-elongated portion 3 makes an angle of 90 degrees with the direction of the line on a plane at the other end of the optical coupling part 3'.
摘要:
The polarization-maintaining optical fiber 10 of the present invention is designed so that a plurality of core portions 12a,12b which have a high refractive index is provided in parallel along a single diameter direction in the cross section of the optical fiber, these core portions 12a,12b cooperating to propagate a single fundamental mode. In the production method for the polarization-maintaining optical fiber of the present invention, a plurality of holes 22 are formed longitudinally in parallel along a single diameter direction of a glass rod 21 having a low refractive index which forms the cladding, glass rods 23 for core use having a high refractive index which form the core portions are inserted into these holes 22, heating to form a unitary body is carried out, creating a preform which is then drawn. Further, the rare-earth-doped polarization-maintaining optical fiber of the present invention uses a rare earth element to dope the optical waveguide portion of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber, and can be employed in a light amplifier or laser oscillator. Moreover, the polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupler of the present invention is formed by bringing two or more polarization maintaining optical fibers into contact, heating, fusing and elongating them, and heating the vicinity of the connection point before and after connection.
摘要:
The present invention discloses a manufacturing method for polarization maintaining optical fiber couplers which are used for joining light signals and at optical fiber branch points. The disclosed manufacturing method employs polarization maintaining optical fibers, and describes a method for mutually aligning the stress applying parts of such optical fibers so that polarized optical signals are maintained in the polarized state when transiting such couplers.
摘要:
A optical fiber coupler manufacturing device is disclosed for the manufacture of fused-elongated type optical fiber couplers. The disclosed invention provides an optical fiber coupler manufacturing device having a chassis, a pair of movable stands provided within the chassis forming a space therebetween, optical fiber mounting units for mounting and fixing two or more component optical fibers on the above mentioned pair of movable stands, and a drive mechanism whereby the pair of movable stands can be driven back and forth in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axes of the component optical fibers. By virtue of the space formed between the two movable stands, a heat source can be applied to the aligned portions of the component optical fibers, thereby effecting thermal fusing of the aligned portions, after which drawing out of the thus fused section can be effected using the above mentioned drive mechanism for the movable stands, and additionally, a protective case for surrounding and reinforcing the manufactured optical fiber coupler can easily be applied without removing the optical fiber coupler from the apparatus through the above described space.
摘要:
The present invention provides a wide wavelength range optical fiber coupler that to the greatest extent possible, allows optical coupling which is wavelength independent, and thus demonstrates a constant coupling ratio over a wide range of wavelengths. By causing various irregularities to be formed in the fused-elongated region of an optical fiber coupler, thereby leading to the generation of additional modes in addition to the fundamental modes, while at the same time causing multiple mode coupling in which the above mentioned additional modes participate in the coupling of the fundamental modes, it is possible to selectively control the coupling strength at determined wavelengths and thereby achieve optical coupling which is largely wavelength independent and thus demonstrates a relatively constant coupling ratio over a wide range of wavelengths. Furthermore, by causing the strength of coupling between the cores of each component optical fiber to vary along the length of the longitudinal axis of each component optical fiber, it is possible to decrease the degree of sinusoidal variation in the wavelength dependance characteristics of each component optical fiber, thereby making it possible to further achieve optical coupling which is wavelength independent and thus considerably constant over a wide range of wavelengths.
摘要:
The optical fiber coupler of the present invention is characterized in that, for a defined section in which two or more component optical fibers are thermally fused and elongated thereby forming a fused-elongated region which constitutes the optical fiber coupler, that at least one of the component optical fibers is formed from a single mode optical fiber material employed within a parameter range in which the mode field diameter increases monotonically with decrease in the diameter of the optical fiber core. The optical fiber coupler is further characterized in that, when using optical fibers from which a portion of the coating material has been removed thereby exposing the cladding, and by aligning two or more of such component optical fibers side by side in a plane and mutually thermally fusing the exposed cladding of adjacent optical fibers, after which the fused region is drawn out, thereby forming a fused-elongated region which constitutes the optical fiber coupler, for such an optical fiber coupler, optical fiber material is used in which the softening temperature of the core is higher than that of the cladding, and further, for the drawing out of the mutually fused sections, the tension employed is such that by virtue of remaining stress, the refractive index of the core is reduced.
摘要:
Novel xanthine compounds represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently represents hydrogen or lower alkyl;each of X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 independently represents oxygen or sulfur; and Q represents: ##STR2## The compounds are useful as a diuretic, a renal-protecting agent and bronchodilator.
摘要:
A confocal scanning microscope including: an objective system (second objective lens 23 and objective lens 24) illuminating a sample SA with illumination light; a scanning mechanism 31 scanning the sample SA to obtain an intensity signal; and a scanning optical system 32 provided between the scanning mechanism and the objective system. The scanning optical system composed of, in order from the scanning mechanism side, a first positive lens group G1, a second negative lens group G2, and a third positive lens group G3. The third lens group has two chromatic aberration correction portions each formed by a positive lens and a negative lens or negative lens and positive lens. Glass materials are selected such that one performs chromatization and the other performs achromatization, thereby providing a confocal scanning microscope capable of correcting lateral chromatic aberration generated in the objective system in the specific wavelength region by the scanning optical system.
摘要:
Provided are a radio communication system, a receiver, and a transmitter, which are capable of reducing an operation time period of a reception circuit of the receiver and achieving reduction in power consumption even if there is a clock error between the transmitter and the receiver. In a case of a conventional method illustrated in FIG. 1(A), the receiver is operated earlier by a time period (Tm), to thereby achieve synchronization before the clock error of the receiver exceeds the time period (Tm). This requires an extended reception time period for achieving clock synchronization, which therefore prevents the receiver from reducing its power consumption. In view of this, according to the present invention, as illustrated in FIG. 1(B), a synchronization signal is continuously transmitted from the transmitter a plurality of times in a short period of time, and the receiver receives only one of the continuously-transmitted synchronization signals. With this, the receiver can achieve synchronization of a reference clock by starting a reception operation earlier only by a time period (Tm′) (Tm′≦Tm).
摘要:
To provide a fluorescent-lamp-type LED lighting device that has a large amount of light intensity and that can replace a highly efficient existing lighting device, the fluorescent-lamp-type LED lighting device comprises an LED (3) comprising a thin plate-like semiconductor element body (31) that transmits light generated in a PN junction area (34) in the thickness direction and that emits the light from its surface, a surface electrode (32) arranged to cover the surface of the element body (31) and a plurality of cylindrical dielectric antennas (36) that penetrate the surface electrode (32) in its thickness direction and that condense the light transmitted through the inside of the semiconductor element body (31) and emit the light outside, and a lengthy exterior casing (2) made of resin having translucency. The LED (3) is arranged at both end parts of the exterior casing (2) or along its longitudinal direction. The light emitted from the LED (3) is irradiated outside through the exterior casing (2).