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公开(公告)号：US4101426A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-18
申请号：US741562
申请日：1976-11-15
申请人： George P. Maly , Donald C. Young
发明人： George P. Maly , Donald C. Young
CPC分类号： C09K8/72 , Y10S507/933 , Y10S507/934
摘要： An acid composition comprising a substantially anhydrous liquid mixture of (1) about 50 to 99 weight percent of polyphosphoric acid having about 5 to 90 weight percent of the total P.sub.2 O.sub.5 present as polymeric P.sub.2 O.sub.5, and (2) about 1 to 25 weight percent of hydrofluoric acid, and in which the H.sub.2 O/P.sub.2 O.sub.5 mole ratio of the overall acid mixture is less than 3.4; and a method for increasing the permeability of siliceous subterranean formations in which the formation is treated with this composition. Also, the composition can optionally contain a catalyst such as a strong mineral acid, a carboxylic acid, an oxidizing agent, or mixtures thereof.
摘要翻译： 一种酸性组合物，其包含基本上无水的液体混合物（1）约50至99重量％的多磷酸，其具有作为聚合物P 2 O 5存在的总P 2 O 5的约5至90重量％，和（2）约1至25重量％的氢氟酸 酸，其中总酸性混合物的H 2 O / P 2 O 5摩尔比小于3.4; 以及增加其中用该组合物处理地层的硅质地下地层的渗透性的方法。 此外，组合物可任选地含有催化剂，例如强无机酸，羧酸，氧化剂或其混合物。
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2.发明授权Non-aqueous acid emulsion composition and method for acid-treating siliceous geological formations 失效无水酸性乳液组合物和硅酸盐地质构造酸处理方法
公开(公告)号：US4101425A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-18
申请号：US569890
申请日：1975-04-21
申请人： Donald C. Young , George P. Maly
发明人： Donald C. Young , George P. Maly
CPC分类号： C09K8/74 , Y10S507/933
摘要： A stable, non-aqueous acid emulsion composition comprising an admixture of a substantially anhydrous polyphosphoric acid-based mixture, an organic solvent, and a surfactant; and a method for increasing the permeability of siliceous subterranean geological formations.
摘要翻译： 一种稳定的非水性酸性乳液组合物，其包含基本上无水的多磷酸基混合物，有机溶剂和表面活性剂的混合物; 以及提高硅质地下地层的渗透性的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US5342629A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-30
申请号：US722853
申请日：1991-06-28
摘要： Cellulosic particles, for example wood particles, stored in a pile are preserved by contacting the particles with a thiocarbonate composition.
摘要翻译： 通过使颗粒与硫代碳酸盐组合物接触来保存存储在堆中的纤维素颗粒，例如木颗粒。
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公开(公告)号：US5041240A
公开(公告)日：1991-08-20
申请号：US262961
申请日：1988-10-28
CPC分类号： C05G3/0005 , A01N25/18 , A01N25/22 , A01N59/02 , A01N59/04 , A01N59/06 , C01D13/00 , Y02P60/218
摘要： Aqueous thiocarbonate solutions are stabilized by the addition of base, sulfide and/or polysulfide, and the stability and safety of the more concentrated solutions containing 1 weight percent or more equivalent CS.sub.2 as a thiocarbonate are achieved as reflected by significant reduction of CS.sub.2 partial pressure in such solutions.
摘要翻译： 通过添加碱，硫化物和/或多硫化物来稳定硫代碳酸氢盐水溶液，并且通过CS 2分压的显着降低反映出，含有1重量％或更多当量的CS 2作为硫代碳酸盐的更浓缩溶液的稳定性和安全性 这样的解决方案。
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公开(公告)号：US4966620A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-30
申请号：US305847
申请日：1989-02-02
申请人： Donald C. Young
发明人： Donald C. Young
摘要： Methods are provided for facilitating the harvest of food crops by applying to the crop foliage an amount of an aqueous solution containing a combination of urea and sulfuric acid in which the urea/H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 molar ratio is within the range of about 1/4 to about 7/4 sufficient to desiccate the foliage prior to harvest.
摘要翻译： 提供了通过向作物叶片施加一定量的含有尿素和硫酸的组合的水溶液，其中尿素/ H 2 SO 4摩尔比在约1/4至约7的范围内来提供收获粮食作物的方法 / 4足以在收获前干燥叶子。
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公开(公告)号：US4942254A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-17
申请号：US149735
申请日：1988-01-29
申请人： Donald C. Young
发明人： Donald C. Young
摘要： Compositions containing sulfuric acid and one or more of certain chalcogen-containing compounds in which the chalcogen compound/H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 molar ratio is below 2 contain the mono-adduct of sulfuric acid which is catalytically active for promoting organic chemical reactions. Suitable chalcogen-containing compounds have the empirical formula. ##STR1## wherein X is a chalcogen, each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is independently selected from hydrogen, NR.sub.3 R.sub.4, and NR.sub.5, at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is other than hydrogen, each of R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 is hydrogen or a monovalent organic radical, and R.sub.5 is a divalent organic radical. Such compositions are useful for catalyzing organic reactions such as oxidation, oxidative addition, reduction, reductive addition, esterification, transesterification, hydrogenation, isomerication (including racemization of optical isomers), alkylation, polymerization, demetallization of organometallics, nitration, Friedel-Crafts reactions, and hydrolysis. Novel catalysts are disclosed which involve combinations of the chalcogen compound-sulfuric compositions with one or more transition metal halides and/or with one or more surfactants. The surfactant-containing compositions are particularly useful for the treatment of materials containing lipophilic substances. Novel compositions containing a chalcogen compound-sulfuric acid component and one or more organic reactants are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 含有硫酸和硫族化合物/ H2SO4摩尔比低于2的某些含硫属化合物的一种或多种组合物含有催化活性的促进有机化学反应的硫酸单加合物。 合适的含硫族元素的化合物具有经验公式。 其中X是硫族元素，R 1和R 2各自独立地选自氢，NR 3 R 4和NR 5，R 1和R 2中的至少一个不是氢，R 3和R 4各自是氢或一价有机基团， R5是二价有机基团。 这种组合物可用于催化有机反应如氧化，氧化加成，还原，还原加成，酯化，酯交换，氢化，异构化（包括光学异构体的外消旋化），烷基化，聚合，有机金属化合物的脱金属化，硝化，Friedel-Crafts反应， 和水解。 公开了新型催化剂，其涉及硫属化合物 - 硫酸组合物与一种或多种过渡金属卤化物和/或与一种或多种表面活性剂的组合。 含表面活性剂的组合物特别可用于处理含有亲脂性物质的材料。 还公开了含有硫属化合物 - 硫酸组分和一种或多种有机反应物的新型组合物。
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公开(公告)号：US4831056A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-16
申请号：US688689
申请日：1985-01-03
申请人： Donald C. Young
发明人： Donald C. Young
IPC分类号： A01N59/02
CPC分类号： A01N59/02
摘要： Pests are controlled by applying to the location of and/or to the path traversed by the pests a composition comprising urea and sulfuric acid in which the urea H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 molar ratio is less than 2. Novel compositions useful in such methods are also provided and comprise the described combinations of urea and sulfuric acid dispersed in a hydrocarbon oil. The novel method and compositions are particularly useful for controlling plant pests by applying the useful urea-sulfuric acid components to the plants or to the vicinity of plants occupied or tranversed by such pests.
摘要翻译： 害虫通过施加到由害虫穿过的路径的位置和/或通过其中尿素H 2 SO 4摩尔比小于2的组合物包含尿素和硫酸来控制。还提供了可用于这些方法的新型组合物，包括 描述了分散在烃油中的尿素和硫酸的组合。 新颖的方法和组合物特别可用于通过将有用的尿素 - 硫酸组分施用到植物或由这种害虫占据或转移的植物附近来控制植物害虫。
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公开(公告)号：US4654442A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-31
申请号：US567047
申请日：1983-12-30
IPC分类号： C07C273/16 , C07C126/08
CPC分类号： C07C273/16
摘要： Biuret is removed from biuret-containing aqueous urea solutions in a multi-cycle process which involves sequential (A) removal of biuret by contact with an anion exchanger and (B) regeneration of the anion exchanger, in which method, in one or more cycles, the anion exchanger regenerant comprises an aqueous solution of a strong base which has been employed to regenerate the anion exchanger in a previous cycle. This procedure allows for recycling, and thus reuse, of the strong base regenerant which results in significant economy. Methods are also provided in which (A) one or both of the aqueous urea solution and regenerant have a relatively low calcium equivalent content, (B) a substantially non-alkaline regenerant is employed either as the only regenerant in one or more cycles or as a partial regenerant before regeneration with the strong base regenerant, (C) the carbonate content of one or more of the aqueous process streams is controlled and/or reduced, and/or (D) the concentration of biuret in the recycled strong base regenerant is periodically reduced. All of these factors contribute to process economy, anion exchanger life, and more efficient, less frequent regeneration.
摘要翻译： 在多循环过程中，从缩二脲水溶液中除去含脲脲水溶液，其涉及通过与阴离子交换剂接触而顺序地（A）除去缩二脲，和（B）阴离子交换剂的再生，其中以一个或多个循环 ，阴离子交换剂再生剂包括强碱的水溶液，其已用于在先前循环中再生阴离子交换剂。 该方法允许再次使用，从而重新使用强碱基再生剂，这导致显着的经济性。 还提供了其中（A）尿素水溶液和再生剂中的一种或两种具有相对低的钙当量含量的方法，（B）基本上非碱性的再生剂被用作一个或多个循环中的唯一再生剂，或作为 用强碱再生剂再生之前的部分再生剂，（C）一种或多种含水工艺流的碳酸盐含量被控制和/或减少，和/或（D）再循环的强碱再生剂中的缩二脲浓度是 定期减少。 所有这些因素都有助于过程经济性，阴离子交换寿命，更有效率，更不频繁的再生。
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公开(公告)号：US4645860A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-24
申请号：US732175
申请日：1985-05-07
IPC分类号： C07C273/18 , C07C275/62 , C07C126/08
CPC分类号： C07C273/189 , C07C275/62 , Y02P20/125
摘要： Methods are provided for recovering biuret from aqueous urea solutions and for producing relatively concentrated biuret-containing extracts which involve contacting a biuret-containing aqueous urea solution with the hydroxide ion form of an anion exchanger to retain at least a portion of the biuret on the exchanger, contacting the resulting biuret-containing ion exchanger with an aqueous extractant under conditions sufficient to form a biuret-containing extract, and contacting the resulting biuret-containing extract with the same or other biuret-containing anion exchanger in the same or subsequent cycles under conditions sufficient to increase the biuret concentration of the extract. The biuret-containing urea feed solution may also contain higher molecular weight urea condensation products, and the biuret can be selectively separated from such condensation products by the disclosed methods. Extracts containing about 1 weight percent biuret or more can be obtained from which biuret can be crystallized at temperatures above 0.degree. C., and purified biuret of as much as 99.9 percent plus purity can be obtained from solutions containing higher molecular weight urea condensation products such as triuret, melamine, ammelide, and/or others. An integrated process also is provided which involves heating urea at a temperature sufficient to form biuret (in the presence or absence of higher molecular weight urea condensation products) and recovering biuret from an aqueous solution of the resulting pyrolyzed urea as described.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于从尿素水溶液中回收缩二脲并用于生产相对浓缩的缩二脲的提取物的方法，其涉及使含缩二脲的尿素水溶液与阴离子交换剂的氢氧根离子形式接触，以将至少一部分缩二脲保留在交换器上 在足以形成含缩二脲的提取物的条件下使得到的含缩二脲离子交换剂与含水萃取剂接触，并在相同或随后的循环中将所得缩二脲萃取物与相同或其它缩二脲包含的阴离子交换剂在条件 足以增加提取物的缩二脲浓度。 含缩脲脲的尿素进料溶液还可以含有较高分子量的尿素缩合产物，并且通过所公开的方法可以将缩二脲与这种缩合产物选择性分离。 可以获得含有约1重量％缩二脲或更多的提取物，其中缩合物可以在高于0℃的温度下结晶，并且可以从含有较高分子量的脲缩合产物的溶液获得高达99.9％的纯度的纯化的缩二脲， 作为triuret，三聚氰胺，ammelide和/或其他。 还提供了一种综合方法，其包括在足以形成缩二脲（在存在或不存在较高分子量的脲缩合产物）的温度下加热尿素，并如所述从所得热解脲的水溶液中回收缩二脲。
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公开(公告)号：US4549609A
公开(公告)日：1985-10-29
申请号：US641360
申请日：1984-08-15
摘要： Method for treating earthen formations which contain water-sensitive, finely divided particulate matter wherein there is injected into the formation steam or a mixture of steam and hot water containing an effective fines-stabilizing amount of a compound containing ammoniacal nitrogen selected from the group consisting of ammonium hydroxide, an ammonium salt of an inorganic acid, an ammonium salt of a carboxylic acid, ammonium cyanate, derivatives of ammonium cyanate, ammonium thiocyanate, and a water-soluble ammonia or ammonium ion precursor selected from the group consisting of amides of carbamic acid and thiocarbamic acid, derivatives of such amides, tertiary carboxylic acid amides and their substituted and akylated derivatives. Preferred additives include ammonium carbonate and urea. If the formation is a subsurface oil-containing formation, the treatment can be part of a method for enhanced oil recovery.
摘要翻译： 用于处理含有水敏细碎颗粒物质的土层的方法，其中注入地层蒸汽或蒸汽和热水的混合物，所述混合物含有有效的细粉稳定剂量的含有氨的化合物，所述化合物含有选自下组的化合物： 氢氧化铵，无机酸的铵盐，羧酸的铵盐，氰酸铵，氰酸铵的衍生物，硫氰酸铵，以及选自氨基甲酸的酰胺的水溶性氨或铵离子前体 和硫代氨基甲酸，这种酰胺的衍生物，叔羧酸酰胺及其取代和烷基化衍生物。 优选的添加剂包括碳酸铵和尿素。 如果地层是地下含油地层，则处理可以是提高采油量的方法的一部分。
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