公开(公告)号：US20070041493A1

公开(公告)日：2007-02-22

申请号：US10555916

申请日：2004-05-10

Applicant: Steve Webb ,  Wolfgang Schlegel ,  Gernot Echner ,  Gunther Hartmann

Inventor： Steve Webb ,  Wolfgang Schlegel ,  Gernot Echner ,  Gunther Hartmann

IPC: A61N5/10 ,  G21K1/02

CPC classification number: A61N5/1042 ,  G21K1/04 ,  G21K1/046

Abstract: A method of intensity-modulating a beam of radiation from a radiation source is provided, the method including the steps of: a) providing a collimator having a window which allows the passage of radiation from the radiation source and which defines when viewed from the radiation source a two-dimensional array of bixels, the collimator further having a plurality of independently movable radiation attenuators which are constrained to move along columns or rows of the array to block selected bixels thereof, whereby, within each column or row along which the attenuators are movable, at least one arrangement of the respective attenuator(s) results in a pair of open bixels sandwiching a blocked bixel or line of blocked bixels; b) positioning the collimator in the path of the radiation source; and c) repeatedly: positioning the radiation attenuators within the window to form at each repeat a different pattern of bixels; and irradiating the collimator, until a predetermined pattern of radiation intensities for the beam of radiation has been delivered through the collimator. A corresponding apparatus for producing an intensity-modulated beam of radiation which is operable in accordance with the above method, and a method of radiotherapy treatment performed on a human or animal body comprising subjecting the body to an intensity-modulated beam of radiation formed using the above method are also provided.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种对来自辐射源的辐射束进行强度调制的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：a）提供具有窗口的准直仪，该窗口允许来自辐射源的辐射通过，并且当从辐射观察时限定 源极化二维阵列，准直器进一步具有多个可独立移动的辐射衰减器，该辐射衰减器被限制为沿阵列的列或行移动以阻挡其所选择的像素，从而在衰减器沿其中的每个列或行内 各个衰减器的至少一个排列导致一对打开的双焦块，夹着一个阻挡的双像素或一束阻挡的双体晶体; b）将准直器定位在辐射源的路径中; 和c）重复地：将辐射衰减器定位在窗口内，以在每个重复不同的单体图案时形成; 并照射准直仪，直到用于辐射束的辐射强度的预定图案已经通过准直器传送。 用于产生根据上述方法可操作的强度调制的辐射束的相应装置，以及对人体或动物体进行的放射治疗处理方法，包括使身体经受强度调制的辐射束，其使用 还提供了上述方法。

公开(公告)号：US06730924B1

公开(公告)日：2004-05-04

申请号：US09890218

申请日：2001-07-26

Applicant: Otto Pastyr ,  Gernot Echner ,  Wolfgang Schlegel ,  Walter Ganter

Inventor： Otto Pastyr ,  Gernot Echner ,  Wolfgang Schlegel ,  Walter Ganter

IPC: G21K102

CPC classification number: G21K1/046 ,  A61N5/1042 ,  G21K1/04

Abstract: The invention relates to a collimator (1) for limiting a bundle of high-energy rays (2), which is emitted by a substantially point-like radiation source (3) and directed towards a treatment object (20) and used in particular for the stereotactic conformation radiotherapy of tumors. According to the invention the collimator (1) comprises a plurality of diaphragm leaves (4, 4′) which are arranged opposite each other and which are made of a radiation-absorbing material and which, by means of drive mechanisms, can be moved into the optical path in such a way that the contours and/or exposure period of said optical path can be freely defined, the front edges (5, 5′) of the diaphragm leaves (4, 4′) being parallel to the optical path at all times. Avoiding penumbral shadows with this kind of collimator (1) is made considerably easier if the diaphragm leaves (4, 4′) consists of a rear partial element (6, 6′) which can be linearly displaced and a front partial element (7, 7′) which is hinged to same. Drive means adjust the front partial element (7, 7′) in accordance with the prevailing position of the rear partial element (6, 6′) in such a way that the front edges (5, 5′) are parallel to the optical path at all times.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于限制高能射线束（2）的准直器（1），其由基本上点状的辐射源（3）发射并指向治疗物体（20），特别用于 肿瘤的立体定向构象放射治疗。 根据本发明，准直器（1）包括多个彼此相对布置的隔膜叶片（4,4'），它们由辐射吸收材料制成，并且通过驱动机构可以移动到 所述光路以这样的方式使得所述光路的轮廓和/或曝光周期可以自由地限定，所述光阑的前边缘（5,5'）在与所述光路的光路平行的位置处平行于所述光路 一直。 如果隔膜离开（4,4'）由可以线性位移的后部分元件（6,6'）和前部分元件（7，6'）组成，则使用这种准直器（1）避免半影阴影变得相当容易， 7'），其铰接到相同的位置。 驱动装置根据后部分元件（6,6'）的主要位置调节前部分元件（7,7'），使得前边缘（5,5'）平行于光路 每时每刻。

公开(公告)号：US06696694B2

公开(公告)日：2004-02-24

申请号：US10363897

申请日：2003-05-27

Applicant: Otto Pastyr ,  Gernot Echner ,  Wolfgang Schlegel

Inventor： Otto Pastyr ,  Gernot Echner ,  Wolfgang Schlegel

IPC: G21K104

CPC classification number: G21K1/046 ,  A61N5/1042 ,  G01B7/003 ,  H01C10/38

Abstract: The invention relates to a displacement-detecting element (1) comprising a measuring resistance (2), voltage source (3) and a displacement-dependent voltage pick off (4). The measuring resistance (2) is embodied in the form of a strip. The length of the resistor (6) corresponds to at least the maximal length of displacement (7) of the component to be detected. The invention also relates to a multileaf collimator (23) having such a displacement-detecting element (1). The aim of the invention is to produce a displacement-detecting element (a) for detecting the position of the leaves (22) in a multileaf collimator (23) in a precise and faultless manner. The displacement detecting element (1) is designed for detecting the displacement (7′) of the leaves (22) in a multileaf collimator (23) in the following manner: the measuring resistance (2) or the voltage pick off point (4) are connected in a rigid manner to the leaves (22) in order to detect the displacement and another functioning element (4 or 2) is arranged in a fixed manner. At least one of these functioning elements (2, 4) is disposed in an area (33, 33′, 33″) of the leaves (22), which is not exposed to main radiation (34).

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种位移检测元件（1），其包括测量电阻（2），电压源（3）和位移相关的电压拾取器（4）。 测量电阻（2）以条带的形式实现。 电阻器（6）的长度至少等于待检测部件的最大位移长度（7）。 本发明还涉及具有这种位移检测元件（1）的多叶准直器（23）。 本发明的目的是产生用于以精确且无缺陷的方式检测多叶准直器（23）中的叶片（22）的位置的位移检测元件（a）。 位移检测元件（1）被设计用于以下列方式检测多叶准直器（23）中的叶片（22）的位移（7'）：测量电阻（2）或电压拾取点（4） 以坚固的方式连接到叶片（22）以便检测位移，并且以固定的方式布置另一功能元件（4或2）。 这些功能元件（2,4）中的至少一个设置在不暴露于主辐射（34）的叶片（22）的区域（33,33'，33“）中。

公开(公告)号：US06259762B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-10

申请号：US09486193

申请日：2000-08-23

Applicant: Otto Pastyr ,  Wolfgang Schlegel ,  Simone Barthold ,  Karl-Heinz Höver ,  Gernot Echner

Inventor： Otto Pastyr ,  Wolfgang Schlegel ,  Simone Barthold ,  Karl-Heinz Höver ,  Gernot Echner

IPC: H01J3506

CPC classification number: A61N5/1081 ,  A61N5/01 ,  A61N5/1084

Abstract: The radiation system has several radiation sources aimed toward a central point. These radiation sources are on arc element that pivots on an axis. The center can hence be irradiated from different sides. The radiation sources preferably have irregularly adjustable diaphragms. The system is suitable for irradiating any part of the human body. It is easy to manufacture and simple to used.

Abstract translation: 辐射系统有几个瞄准中心点的辐射源。 这些辐射源位于轴上枢转的弧形元件上。 因此，中心可以从不同的侧面照射。 辐射源优选地具有不规则可调节的膜片。 该系统适用于照射人体的任何部位。 它易于制造和使用简单。

公开(公告)号：US08565378B2

公开(公告)日：2013-10-22

申请号：US12662814

申请日：2010-05-05

Applicant: Gernot Echner

Inventor： Gernot Echner

IPC: A61N5/10

CPC classification number: A61N5/1042 ,  A61N5/1036

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for operating collimator (1) for limiting a beam of high-energy radiation (2) which, starting from an essentially point-shaped radiation source (3), is directed onto an object (4) to be treated and which is used especially for stereotactic, conformal radiation therapy of tumors, wherein the collimator (1) has an iris diaphragm (5) as a beam-limiting means. For such a collimator (1), a high degree of shielding for minimal overall height and with a variable opening size of the diaphragm opening (12) is achieved, in that the iris diaphragm (5) has at least three diaphragm leaves (6, 6′, 6″, or 7, 7′, 7″, 7′″, or 8, 8′, 8″, 8′″, 8″″, or 9, 9′, 9″, 9′″, 9″″, 9′″″) which have touching side surfaces (10) enclosing the same angle (α), wherein the diaphragm leaves (6, 6′, 6″, or 7, 7′, 7″, 7′″, or 8, 8′, 8″, 8′″, 8″″, or 9, 9′, 9″, 9′″, 9″″, 9′″″) open up a beam-limiting opening (12) such that a sliding movement (13) along the side surfaces (10) takes place by a number of diaphragm leaves (6, 6′, 6″, or 7, 7′, 7″, 7′″, or 8, 8′, 8″, 8′″, 8″″, or 9, 9′, 9″, 9′″, 9″″, 9′″″) which is reduced by at most one.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于操作准直仪（1）的方法和装置，用于限制从基本上点状的辐射源（3）开始被引导到物体（4）上的高能辐射束（2） 被治疗并且特别用于肿瘤的立体定向适形辐射治疗，其中准直器（1）具有作为光束限制装置的虹膜光阑（5）。 对于这种准直器（1），实现了对隔膜开口（12）的最小总高度和可变开口尺寸的高度屏蔽，其中虹膜隔膜（5）具有至少三个隔膜叶片（6， 6'，6“或7,7'，7”，7“”或8,8“，8”，8“，8”“或9,9'，9 具有包围相同角度（α）的接触侧面（10）的“9”，9“'，9”'，9“'''），其中隔膜离开（6,6'，6” ，或7,7'，7“，7”“或8,8”，8“，8”，8“”或9,9'，9“，9” '，9“'，9”'''）打开一个光束限制开口（12），使得沿着侧表面（10）的滑动运动（13）通过多个隔膜叶片（6） ，6'，6“或7,7'，7”，7“”或8,8“，8”，8“，8”“或9,9' 9“，9”“，9”“，9”“”），最多减少一个。

公开(公告)号：US20100054408A1

公开(公告)日：2010-03-04

申请号：US11795509

申请日：2006-07-27

Applicant: Gernot Echner

Inventor： Gernot Echner

IPC: A61N5/10 ,  G21K1/04

CPC classification number: G21K1/04 ,  A61N5/1042

Abstract: An irradiation device for radiation treatment and a collimator (1) are used to define a beam of high-energy rays (2) with beam limitation by means of an iris diaphragm (5) having adjusting elements (7), and a mechanism that is used to direct the beams (2′) limited by the collimator (1) to the object to be treated (4) from all sides, wherein the parameters for direction, surface area, intensity and time of irradiation can be specified with the help of a control mechanism. An exact three-dimensional irradiation profile is produced, while keeping the costs and efforts regarding mechanical engineering, computation and irradiation time low. This is achieved by using at least one further iris diaphragm (6) located in coaxial alignment in the optical path, whereby the leaves (9, 9′, 9″, 9′″, 9″″, 9′″″) of the iris diaphragms (5, 6) are arranged in a staggered manner and in a rotational sense around their axis (11), so that the beam limited by the collimator (1) has the cross-section of a polygon (12), the number of corners of which complies with the number of the leaves of all iris diaphragms (5, 6), so that the leaves (9, 9′, 9″, 9′″, 9″″, 9′″″) allow for linear adjustment movements (13), the control mechanism being suitable to enable the irradiation of an irregular space through the overlaying and adjoining of many irradiated spaces (28).

Abstract translation: 用于辐射处理的照射装置和准直器（1）用于通过具有调节元件（7）的虹膜隔膜（5）来限定具有光束限制的高能射线束（2），以及机构 用于将由准直器（1）限制的光束（2'）从所有侧面引导到待处理物体（4），其中可以借助于以下方式来指定用于方向，表面积，强度和照射时间的参数 一个控制机制。 产生精确的三维照射曲线，同时保持机械工程，计算和照射时间低的成本和努力。 这通过使用位于光路中同轴对准的至少一个另外的虹膜光阑（6）来实现，由此叶片（9,9'，9“，9”“9”“，9”“） 虹膜隔膜（5,6）以交错的方式围绕其轴线（11）以旋转方式布置，使得由准直器（1）限制的光束具有多边形（12）的横截面，数字 其角部符合所有虹膜隔膜（5,6）的叶片数量，使得叶片（9,9'，9“，9”“，9”“，9”“）允许线性 调节运动（13），所述控制机构适合于通过覆盖和邻接许多照射空间（28）来照射不规则空间。

公开(公告)号：US20090099472A1

公开(公告)日：2009-04-16

申请号：US11910628

申请日：2006-04-05

Applicant: Gregor Remmert ,  Gernot Echner

Inventor： Gregor Remmert ,  Gernot Echner

IPC: A61B5/113 ,  A61B5/055

CPC classification number: A61B5/1135 ,  A61B5/055 ,  A61B5/7285 ,  A61B17/1322 ,  A61B2562/0266 ,  A61N5/1064

Abstract: The invention relates to a respiratory belt system for being used in a magnetic resonance imaging environment.This system comprises a belt being elastically extendable, an optical transducer and an optical pattern being coupled to the belt. During extension or contraction of the belt the optical pattern is moved relative to the light source for a distance that is substantially identical to the length of the extension or the contraction of the belt. The sensor creates a measurement signal corresponding to the change in length of the belt.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于磁共振成像环境的呼吸带系统。 该系统包括可弹性延伸的皮带，光学换能器和耦合到皮带的光学图案。 在带的延伸或收缩期间，光学图案相对于光源移动一段距离，该距离基本上与带的延伸长度或收缩长度相同。 传感器产生对应于皮带长度变化的测量信号。

公开(公告)号：US07783007B2

公开(公告)日：2010-08-24

申请号：US11795509

申请日：2006-07-27

Applicant: Gernot Echner

Inventor： Gernot Echner

IPC: A61N5/10 ,  G21K1/04

CPC classification number: G21K1/04 ,  A61N5/1042

Abstract: An irradiation device for radiation treatment and a collimator (1) are used to define a beam of high-energy rays (2) with beam limitation by means of an iris diaphragm (5) having adjusting elements (7), and a mechanism that is used to direct the beams (2′) limited by the collimator (1) to the object to be treated (4) from all sides, wherein the parameters for direction, surface area, intensity and time of irradiation can be specified with the help of a control mechanism. An exact three-dimensional irradiation profile is produced, while keeping the costs and efforts regarding mechanical engineering, computation and irradiation time low. This is achieved by using at least one further iris diaphragm (6) located in coaxial alignment in the optical path, whereby the leaves (9, 9′, 9″, 9′″, 9″″, 9′″″) of the iris diaphragms (5, 6) are arranged in a staggered manner and in a rotational sense around their axis (11), so that the beam limited by the collimator (1) has the cross-section of a polygon (12), the number of corners of which complies with the number of the leaves of all iris diaphragms (5, 6), so that the leaves (9, 9′, 9″, 9′″, 9″″, 9′″″) allow for linear adjustment movements (13), the control mechanism being suitable to enable the irradiation of an irregular space through the overlaying and adjoining of many irradiated spaces (28).

Abstract translation: 用于辐射处理的照射装置和准直器（1）用于通过具有调节元件（7）的虹膜隔膜（5）来限定具有光束限制的高能射线束（2），以及机构 用于将由准直器（1）限制的光束（2'）从所有侧面引导到待处理物体（4），其中可以借助于以下方式来指定用于方向，表面积，强度和照射时间的参数 一个控制机制。 产生精确的三维照射曲线，同时保持机械工程，计算和照射时间低的成本和努力。 这通过使用位于光路中同轴对准的至少一个另外的虹膜光阑（6）来实现，由此叶片（9,9'，9“，9”“9”“，9”“） 虹膜隔膜（5,6）以交错的方式围绕其轴线（11）以旋转方式布置，使得由准直器（1）限制的光束具有多边形（12）的横截面，数字 其角部符合所有虹膜隔膜（5,6）的叶片数量，使得叶片（9,9'，9“，9”“，9”“，9”“）允许线性 调节运动（13），所述控制机构适合于通过覆盖和邻接许多照射空间（28）来照射不规则空间。

公开(公告)号：US20090074148A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-19

申请号：US11919707

申请日：2005-08-10

Applicant: Gernot Echner

Inventor： Gernot Echner

IPC: G21K1/04

CPC classification number: G21K1/04 ,  A61B6/06 ,  A61N5/10

Abstract: The invention relates to a collimator (1) for limiting a beam of high-energy radiation (2) which, starting from an essentially point-shaped radiation source (3), is directed onto an object (4) to be treated and which is used especially for stereotactic, conformal radiation therapy of tumors, wherein the collimator (1) has an iris diaphragm (5) as a beam-limiting means. For such a collimator (1), a high degree of shielding for minimal overall height and with a variable opening size of the diaphragm opening (12) is achieved, in that the iris diaphragm (5) has at least three diaphragm leaves (6, 6′, 6″, or 7, 7′, 7″, 7′″, or 8, 8′, 8″, 8′″, 8″″, or 9, 9′, 9″, 9′″, 9″″, 9′″″) which have touching side surfaces (10) enclosing the same angle (α), wherein the diaphragm leaves (6, 6′, 6″, or 7, 7′, 7″, 7′″, or 8, 8′, 8″, 8′″, 8″″, or 9, 9′, 9″, 9′″, 9″″, 9′″″) open up a beam-limiting opening (12) such that a sliding movement (13) along the side surfaces (10) takes place by a number of diaphragm leaves (6, 6′, 6″, or 7, 7′, 7″, 7′″, or 8, 8′, 8″, 8′″, 8″″, or 9, 9′, 9″, 9′″, 9″″, 9′″″) which is reduced by at most one.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于限制高能量辐射束（2）的准直器（1），其从基本上点状的辐射源（3）开始被引导到待处理的物体（4）上 特别用于肿瘤的立体定向，适形放射治疗，其中准直器（1）具有作为光束限制装置的虹膜光阑（5）。 对于这种准直器（1），实现了对隔膜开口（12）的最小总高度和可变开口尺寸的高度屏蔽，其中虹膜隔膜（5）具有至少三个隔膜叶片（6， 6'，6“或7,7'，7”，7“”或8,8“，8”，8“，8”“或9,9'，9 具有包围相同角度（α）的接触侧面（10）的“9”，9“'，9”'，9“'''），其中隔膜离开（6,6'，6” ，或7,7'，7“，7”“或8,8”，8“，8”，8“”或9,9'，9“，9” '，9“'，9”'''）打开一个光束限制开口（12），使得沿着侧表面（10）的滑动运动（13）通过多个隔膜叶片（6） ，6'，6“或7,7'，7”，7“”或8,8“，8”，8“，8”“或9,9' 9“，9”“，9”“，9”“”），最多减少一个。

公开(公告)号：US06711237B1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-23

申请号：US09890840

申请日：2002-01-16

Applicant: Wolfgang Schlegel ,  Otto Pastyr ,  Gernot Echner ,  Karl-Heinz Hover ,  Jurgen Richter

Inventor： Wolfgang Schlegel ,  Otto Pastyr ,  Gernot Echner ,  Karl-Heinz Hover ,  Jurgen Richter

IPC: G21K104

CPC classification number: G21K1/046 ,  A61N5/1042 ,  G21K1/04

Abstract: A contour collimator for radiation therapy has a plurality of diaphragm elements that are movable with respect to each other by means of drive units. The diaphragm elements of the invention are supported only on the side near the drive units for ease of movement. This allows larger contour collimators to be constructed having relatively heavy diaphragm elements while retaining relatively small motors.

Abstract translation: 用于放射治疗的轮廓准直器具有可通过驱动单元相对于彼此移动的多个隔膜元件。 本发明的隔膜元件仅在靠近驱动单元的一侧被支撑，以便于移动。 这允许构造具有相对较重的隔膜元件的较大轮廓准直器，同时保持相对较小的马达。