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公开(公告)号：US06985816B2
公开(公告)日：2006-01-10
申请号：US10674937
申请日：2003-09-30
IPC分类号： G01V1/28
CPC分类号： G01V1/30
摘要： Methods, systems, and articles of manufacture consistent with the present invention provide for determining the orientation of natural fractures in the Earth resulting from hydraulic fracturing treatment. Data attribute information from a far-field point-source signal profile for a microseismic event is extracted in the time domain. An estimate of the orientation of the natural fracture is calculated in the time domain based on the extracted data attribute information.
摘要翻译： 与本发明一致的方法，系统和制品提供了确定由水力压裂处理引起的地球中天然裂缝的取向。 在时域中提取用于微震事件的远场点源信号分布的数据属性信息。 基于所提取的数据属性信息，在时域中计算天然骨折的取向的估计。
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公开(公告)号：US5544520A
公开(公告)日：1996-08-13
申请号：US386836
申请日：1995-02-10
申请人： Darin C. Graf , Norman R. Warpinski
发明人： Darin C. Graf , Norman R. Warpinski
CPC分类号： G01N33/241 , G01N15/0826
摘要： A system for single-phase, steady-state permeability measurements of porous rock utilizes a fluid bridge arrangement analogous to a Wheatstone bridge. The arms of the bridge contain the sample and calibrated flow resistors.
摘要翻译： 用于多孔岩石的单相，稳态渗透率测量的系统使用类似于惠斯通电桥的流体桥式布置。 桥梁的臂包含样品和校准的流量电阻器。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5996726A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-07
申请号：US15457
申请日：1998-01-29
摘要： In oil and gas production, a process known as hydraulic fracturing is often used. Hydraulic fracturing involves pumping a fluid under pressure down a well bore into a fluid reservoir. When the pressurized fluid enters the reservoir, it produces localized failures of rock within the earth known as fractures. These fractures generate elastic waves known as microseisms that travel outward from the source of the fractures in a spherical wavefront. These microseisms can be measured with sensors located near the well bore, and their source determined. The microseismic wavefront is composed of compressional and shear waves. The amplitudes of the compressional and shear waves can be detected and measured and the ratio of the shear wave amplitude to the compressional wave amplitude which is known as the S/P ratio, can be determined. The orientation of the natural fractures in the earth are determined by comparing the S/P ratio of the waves generated by hydraulic fracturing with predicted S/P ratios for theoretical failure mechanisms and orientations. The predicted S/P ratios are calculated for theoretical failure mechanisms and orientations on the basis of the measured wave source. Forward modeling techniques are used to match the actual and predicted S/P ratios to determine the failure mechanism and the orientation of the natural fracture which generated the microseisms during the hydraulic fracturing.
摘要翻译： 在石油和天然气生产中，经常使用称为水力压裂的工艺。 水力压裂涉及将压力下的流体沿着井眼泵入流体储存器。 当加压流体进入储层时，它产生地球内部被称为裂缝的岩石局部失效。 这些裂缝产生称为微震的弹性波，其从球形波前的裂缝源向外移动。 这些微震可以用位于井眼附近的传感器来测量，并确定它们的来源。 微震波前由压缩波和剪切波组成。 可以检测和测量压缩和剪切波的幅度，并且可以确定剪切波幅度与称为S / P比的压缩波幅度的比值。 通过将水力压裂产生的波的S / P比与预测的理论失效机理和取向的S / P比进行比较，确定了地球天然裂缝的取向。 基于测量的波源计算理论故障机理和取向的预测S / P比。 使用前向建模技术来匹配实际和预测的S / P比，以确定在水力压裂过程中产生微震的天然裂缝的失效机理和取向。
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4.发明申请SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MONITORING A PARAMETER OF A SUBTERRANEAN FORMATION USING SWELLABLE MATERIALS 审中-公开用易损材料监测下层形成参数的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US20120055669A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-08
申请号：US12874917
申请日：2010-09-02
申请人： Stewart A. Levin , Ron G. Dusterhoft , Jim Longbottom , Norman R. Warpinski , James D. Vick, JR.
发明人： Stewart A. Levin , Ron G. Dusterhoft , Jim Longbottom , Norman R. Warpinski , James D. Vick, JR.
CPC分类号： E21B47/01 , E21B33/1208 , E21B49/00
摘要： A system for monitoring a parameter of a subterranean formation using swellable materials is disclosed. The system may include a sensor device configured to detect a parameter of a subterranean formation. The system may also include a swellable material configured to position the sensor device toward a surface of the subterranean formation by swelling of the swellable material. The system may further include a telescoping section coupled to the sensor device and emplaced in the swellable material. The telescoping section may be configured to extend with the positioning of the sensor device.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种使用可溶胀材料监测地层参数的系统。 该系统可以包括被配置成检测地层的参数的传感器装置。 该系统还可以包括膨胀材料，其被构造成通过膨胀材料的膨胀将传感器装置朝向地下地层的表面定位。 该系统还可以包括联接到传感器装置并放置在可溶胀材料中的伸缩部分。 伸缩部分可以被配置成随着传感器装置的定位而延伸。
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公开(公告)号：US5934373A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-10
申请号：US790292
申请日：1997-01-29
IPC分类号： E21B43/26 , E21B47/02 , E21B47/022 , G01V1/52 , E21B47/00
CPC分类号： E21B43/26 , E21B47/02 , E21B47/022 , G01V1/52
摘要： An apparatus and method for measuring deformation of a rock mass around the vicinity of a fracture, commonly induced by hydraulic fracturing is provided. To this end, a well is drilled offset from the proposed fracture region, if no existing well is present. Once the well is formed to a depth approximately equal or exceeding the depth of the proposed fracture, a plurality of inclinometers, for example tiltmeters, are inserted downhole in the well. The inclinometers are located both above and below the approximate depth of the proposed fracture. The plurality of inclinometers may be arranged on a wireline that may be retrieved from the downhole portion of the well and used again or, alternatively, the inclinometers may be cemented in place. In either event, the inclinometers are used to measure the deformation of the rock around the induced fracture.
摘要翻译： 提供一种用于测量通常由水力压裂引起的断裂附近的岩体变形的装置和方法。 为此，如果没有现有的井存在，则从建议的裂缝区域钻出一个井。 一旦井被形成为大致相等或超过所提出的裂缝的深度的深度，则多个倾斜计例如倾斜仪被插入到井的井下。 倾斜仪位于所提出的裂缝的大致深度之上和之下。 多个倾斜计可以布置在可以从井的井下部分回收并且再次使用的电缆上，或者可以将倾斜计粘合到位。 在任一情况下，倾斜仪用于测量围绕诱发断裂的岩石的变形。
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