Macrocyclic compounds as component for ferroelectric liquid crystal
mixtures
    2.
    发明授权
    Macrocyclic compounds as component for ferroelectric liquid crystal mixtures 失效
    大分子化合物作为电解液晶混合物的组分

    公开(公告)号:US5178792A

    公开(公告)日:1993-01-12

    申请号:US683263

    申请日:1991-04-10

    CPC分类号: C09K19/584 C09K19/54

    摘要: A liquid crystal mixture composed of at least two components containing as one component a macrocyclic compound of the general formula (1) ##STR1## in which a, b, c, d, e, f, independently of one another, are an integer from zero to 4, a+b+c+d+e+f being greater than 7, and--A--, --B--, --C--, --D--, --E--, --F--, identical or different, are, for example, --CH.sub.2 --, --CH.dbd.CH--, --CO-- or --COO--, leads in FLC displays to the formation of a uniform alignment and avoids twist states, which is reflected in a significantly improved contrast.

    摘要翻译: 由至少两种组分组成的液晶混合物,其中a,b,c,d,e,f彼此独立地为一个组成的通式(1)的大环化合物,其中a,b,c,d,e,f为 一个从零到四的整数,a + b + c + d + e + f大于7,和-A-,-B-,-C-,-D-,-E-,-F-,相同或 不同的是例如-CH 2 - , - CH = CH - , - CO-或-COO-,在FLC显示器中导致形成均匀的排列并避免扭曲状态,其反映在明显改善的对比度中。

    Alignment layers containing cyclic structural elements
    3.
    发明授权
    Alignment layers containing cyclic structural elements 失效
    含有循环结构元素的取向层

    公开(公告)号:US5409635A

    公开(公告)日:1995-04-25

    申请号:US934470

    申请日:1992-09-11

    摘要: An alignment layer for liquid-crystal displays which contains at least one compound containing, as structural element, a mediocyclic or macrocyclic carbon ring, results, in displays, in significantly increased contrast, inter alia.The mediocyclic or macrocyclic structural elements may also contain heteroatoms, such as, for example, O, N and S atoms.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / EP92 / 00059 Sec。 371日期:1992年9月11日 102(e)1992年9月11日PCT PCT 1992年1月14日PCT公布。 公开号WO92 / 13290 日期为1992年8月6日。一种用于液晶显示器的取向层,其包含至少一种含有作为结构元素的中间环或大环碳环的化合物,在显示器中显着地增加了对比度。 中间环或大环结构元素也可以含有杂原子,例如O,N和S原子。

    Silane couplers containing cyclic structural elements as alignment films
    4.
    发明授权
    Silane couplers containing cyclic structural elements as alignment films 失效
    含有循环结构元素作为取向膜的硅烷偶联剂

    公开(公告)号:US5702777A

    公开(公告)日:1997-12-30

    申请号:US650591

    申请日:1996-05-20

    摘要: An alignment film for liquid crystals comprising a quasi-monomolecular layer of compounds of the formula II C.sub.y --S.sub.p --A.sub.n (II) in which C .sub.y is a mediocyclic or macrocyclic carbon ring having 8 or more ring members, it also being possible for this ring to contain fused benzene rings and --O--, --N--, --S--, --Si-- and --B-- as heteroatoms; S.sub.p is an alkyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, in which one or more non-adjacent --CH.sub.2 --groups may be replaced by --O--, --S--, --CO--, --O--CO--, --NH--CO--, --O--COO--, --NH--CO--NH--, --NH--CO--O--, --SO.sub.2 --, --Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --, --CH.dbd.CH-- or --C.tbd.C--; A.sub.n is SiX.sup.1 X.sup.2 X.sup.3, where X.sup.1 is a single bond, and X.sup.2 and X.sup.3, independently of one another, are a single bond or an alkyl or alkoxy group, where the compound of the formula (II) is bonded to an oxidic layer via the single bond(s) of the group A.sub.n. The alignment films according to the invention are highly suitable for the alignment of liquid crystals, in particular ferroelectric liquid crystals. The low thickness of the alignment film prevents dielectric losses in the display. The occurrence of ghost images is substantially suppressed.

    摘要翻译: 一种液晶取向膜,其包含式IICy-Sp-An(II)化合物的准单分子层,其中C y为具有8个或更多个环成员的中环或大环碳环,该环也是可能的 含有稠合苯环和-O-,-N-,-S-,-Si-和-B-作为杂原子; Sp是具有1至20个碳原子的烷基,其中一个或多个不相邻的-CH 2 - 基团可被-O - , - S - , - CO - , - O-CO-,-NH- CO-,-O-COO-,-NH-CO-NH-,-NH-CO-O-,-SO 2 - ,-Si(CH 3)2 - , - CH = CH-或-C An是SiX1X2X3,其中X1是单键,X2和X3彼此独立地是单键或烷基或烷氧基,其中式(II)的化合物通过单键结合到氧化层 A组的债券。 根据本发明的取向膜非常适用于液晶的取向,特别是铁电液晶。 取向膜的低厚度可防止显示器中的介电损耗。 基本上抑制了重影的发生。

    Maleimide copolymer as alignment layer for liquid-crystal displays
    5.
    发明授权
    Maleimide copolymer as alignment layer for liquid-crystal displays 失效
    马来酰亚胺共聚物作为液晶显示器的取向层

    公开(公告)号:US5644016A

    公开(公告)日:1997-07-01

    申请号:US295729

    申请日:1994-11-17

    摘要: Use of a polymer containing maleimide units of the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is hydrogen, an acyclic or cyclic, aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic radical which is chiral or achiral, can be monosubstituted or polysubstituted by functional groups and in which one or more CH.sub.2 groups can be replaced by functional groups, as alignment layer in liquid-crystal displays.Alignment layers containing a polymer conforming to the formula I effect, in particular, a suppression of twist states and ghost images and thus an improvement in the optical contrast.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / EP93 / 00740 Sec。 371日期:1994年11月17日 102(e)日期1994年11月17日PCT 1993年3月26日PCT公布。 出版物WO93 / 21556 PCT 日期:1993年10月28日使用一种含有式I的马来酰亚胺单元的聚合物,其中R 1是氢,是手性或非手性的无环或环状,脂族,芳族或芳脂族基团,可以被功能性单取代或多取代 基团,其中一个或多个CH 2基团可以被官能团取代,作为液晶显示器中的取向层。 包含符合式I的聚合物的取向层尤其影响扭曲状态和重影图像的抑制,从而改善了光学对比度。

    Digital input stage for an ultrasound apparatus
    7.
    发明授权
    Digital input stage for an ultrasound apparatus 失效
    超声波设备的数字输入级

    公开(公告)号:US4975885A

    公开(公告)日:1990-12-04

    申请号:US413293

    申请日:1989-09-27

    摘要: An ultrasound apparatus has a transducer array which includes a number of individual transducer, each transducer having a channel exclusively associated therewith. In an input stage for the ultrasound apparatus, an analog stage is provided in each channel to which the echo signals for a transducer associated with that channel are supplied. This analog stage concludes with an analog-to-digital converter in each channel. The output of the analog-to-digital converter is connected to a further processing circuit in each channel for the acquisition of Doppler signals of moving target echoes. A combined ultrasound imaging device and Doppler device is thus achieved, which allows the acquisition of Doppler signals with the digital input technology of the ultrasound imaging processing circuit. This permits expansion of digital operating RF input components of imaging devices to include Doppler signal processing.

    摘要翻译: 超声波装置具有包括多个单独换能器的换能器阵列,每个换能器具有与之完全相关的通道。 在超声波装置的输入级中,在每个通道中提供模拟级,与该通道相关联的换能器的回波信号被提供给该级。 该模拟级结束于每个通道中的模拟 - 数字转换器。 模数转换器的输出连接到每个通道中的另一个处理电路,用于获取移动目标回波的多普勒信号。 因此实现了组合的超声成像装置和多普勒装置,其允许利用超声成像处理电路的数字输入技术来采集多普勒信号。 这允许扩大成像设备的数字操作射频输入组件以包括多普勒信号处理。

    Soluble, electrically conductive polymers, process for preparing them,
and their use
    9.
    发明授权
    Soluble, electrically conductive polymers, process for preparing them, and their use 失效
    可溶性导电聚合物,制备方法及其使用

    公开(公告)号:US5093033A

    公开(公告)日:1992-03-03

    申请号:US88662

    申请日:1987-08-24

    摘要: The invention relates to intrinsically electrically conductive polymers, preferably oligomers, which, in the oxidized form, are completely soluble in dipolar aprotic solvents at room temperature and which contain structural units which are derived from at least one monomer of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 -alkoxy group or --O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n CH.sub.3 with n=1 to 4 and R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkoxy group or --O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n CH.sub.3 with n=1 to 4, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together are --O(CH.sub.2).sub.m --CH.sub.2 or --O(CH.sub.2).sub.m --O-- with m=1 to 12. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of these polymers by electrochemical polymerization of at least one monomer of this formula (I) in the presence of a conductive salt, the anode having a specific surface area of at least 0.01 m.sup.2 /g and preferably a gauze, sponge, fabric or felt structure, the electrolyte solvent being dipolar and aprotic and the electrolyte system being moved only slightly or not at all relative to the anode. The polymers according to the invention can readily be used especially for coating purposes.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及本征导电聚合物,优选低聚物,其以氧化形式在室温下完全溶于偶极非质子溶剂中,并且其含有衍生自式(I)的至少一种单体的结构单元