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1.发明授权Electro-optic window incorporating a discrete photovoltaic device and apparatus for making same 失效包括分立的光伏器件的电光窗和用于制造它的装置
公开(公告)号：US6045643A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-04
申请号：US12957
申请日：1998-01-26
CPC分类号： G02F1/1533 , G02F1/13318 , G02F1/163
摘要： An electro-optic window is provided which is powered solely by at least one discrete photovoltaic cell within an electro-optic window. The electro-optic window has front and back spaced-apart glass elements sealably bonded together in a spaced-apart relationship and defining a chamber filled with an electro-optic material. The front glass element has a transparent conductive layer on the face of the front glass element confronting the rear glass element and the rear glass element has a transparent conductive layer on the face confronting the front glass element. The seal is generally disposed along the perimeter of three edges of both glass elements and some distance in from the remaining (fourth) edge. The photovoltaic assembly is electrically connected to the two transparent conductive layers and is placed on the outer perimeter along this fourth edge with the photon-absorbing side of all the photovoltaic cells within the photovoltaic assembly facing in one direction ("out" the window). When light impinges on the photovoltaic cell a current is created which darkens the electro-optic material in proportion to the amount of impinging light. By choosing the relative area of the photovoltaic assembly to produce the correct current for the electro-optically active window area, the darkening of the electro-optic portion can be directly and accurately controlled without the need for any circuit, wires or shorting resistors.In addition, an apparatus for making an electro-optic window having two members capable of securing and holding two glass elements in a spaced-apart and parallel relationship is provided. The glass elements may be secured by vacuum-applying members or simple clips. The glass elements may be held in a spaced-apart and parallel relationship by a hydraulic mechanism or by simple spacers placed between the securing members.
摘要翻译： 提供电光窗，其仅由电光窗内的至少一个分立的光伏电池供电。 电光窗具有以间隔开的关系密封地结合在一起的前部和后部间隔开的玻璃元件，并且限定了充满电光材料的室。 前玻璃元件在与前玻璃元件相对的前玻璃元件的表面上具有透明导电层，后玻璃元件在与前玻璃元件相对的面上具有透明导电层。 密封件通常沿着两个玻璃元件的三个边缘的周边设置，并且与剩余的（第四）边缘距离一定距离。 光伏组件电连接到两个透明导电层，并且沿着第四边缘放置在外周边上，光伏组件内的所有光伏电池的光子吸收侧面向一个方向（“向外”）。 当光照射在光伏电池上时，产生电流，使电光材料与入射光的量成比例地变暗。 通过选择光电组件的相对面积以产生用于电光窗口区域的正确电流，可以直接和精确地控制电光部分的变暗，而不需要任何电路，导线或短路电阻器。 此外，提供了一种用于制造具有两个能够以间隔和平行关系固定和保持两个玻璃元件的构件的电光窗的装置。 玻璃元件可以通过真空施加构件或简单的夹子来固定。 玻璃元件可以通过液压机构或通过固定构件之间的简单间隔件保持间隔开和平行的关系。
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2.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06433913B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-13
申请号：US09471075
申请日：1999-12-22
申请人： Frederick T. Bauer , Harlan J. Byker , David J. Cammenga , Thomas F. Guarr , David L. Poll , William L. Tonar , Scott W. Vander Zwaag
发明人： Frederick T. Bauer , Harlan J. Byker , David J. Cammenga , Thomas F. Guarr , David L. Poll , William L. Tonar , Scott W. Vander Zwaag
IPC分类号： G02F115
CPC分类号： G02C7/101 , G02F1/13318 , G02F1/1533 , G02F1/163
摘要： Improved electro-optic devices are provided which may be in the configuration of variable transmittance windows, variable transmittance eyeglasses, variable transmittance light filters and displays and other devices wherein the transmittance of light therethrough automatically varies as a function of light impinging thereon. The electro-optic devices include a self-erasing electro-optic medium, and the transmittance of light through such medium varies as a function of electrical signals applied thereto through the agency of at least one photovoltaic cell, enclosed within the electro-optic device, and obviating the necessity of providing external drive voltage or external bleeder resistors or external wiring. In addition, a method and apparatus are provided for making such electro-optic devices.
摘要翻译： 提供了改进的电光器件，其可以是可变透光窗，可变透镜眼镜，可变透光性滤光器和显示器以及其他光的透射率的结构，其中光的透射率随着照射在其上的光的功能而自动变化。 电光器件包括自擦除电光介质，并且通过这种介质的光的透射率随着被封装在电光器件内的至少一个光伏电池的代理而施加于其上的电信号的函数而变化， 并且避免提供外部驱动电压或外部泄放电阻器或外部布线的必要性。 此外，提供了一种用于制造这种电光装置的方法和装置。
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公开(公告)号：US6166848A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-26
申请号：US206788
申请日：1998-12-07
申请人： David J. Cammenga , William L. Tonar , Scott W. Vander Zwaag , John K. Roberts , Frederick T. Bauer , Jeffrey A. Forgette , Harlan J. Byker
发明人： David J. Cammenga , William L. Tonar , Scott W. Vander Zwaag , John K. Roberts , Frederick T. Bauer , Jeffrey A. Forgette , Harlan J. Byker
CPC分类号： B60Q1/2665 , B60R1/088 , B60R1/1207 , B60R2001/1215 , B60R2001/1223 , G02F1/1506 , G02F1/1533 , G02F1/155 , G02F1/157 , G02F2001/1502 , G02F2001/1512 , G02F2201/34 , G02F2203/02 , H01L51/529
摘要： An electrochromic mirror is disclosed for use in a vehicle rearview mirror assembly having a light source positioned behind the electrochromic mirror for selectively projecting light through the mirror. The electrochromic mirror includes front and rear spaced elements each having front and rear surfaces and being sealably bonded together in a spaced-apart relationship to define a chamber, a layer of transparent conductive material disposed on the rear surface of the front element, at least one solution-phase electrochromic material contained within the chamber, and a second electrode overlying the front surface of the rear element in contact with the electrochromic material. The second electrode includes a layer of reflective material and a coating of electrically conductive material that is at least partially transmissive and is disposed over substantially all of the front surface of the rear element. The second electrode further includes a region in front of the light source that is at least partially transmissive. The electrically conductive coating may include a single transparent layer or a plurality of partially reflective and transmissive layers, or an electrically conductive dichroic coating. The light source may be an information display, such as a compass/temperature display as used in an inside rearview mirror, or may be a signal light as used in an outside rearview mirror.
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公开(公告)号：US5805330A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-08
申请号：US616698
申请日：1996-03-15
CPC分类号： G02F1/1533 , G02F1/13318 , G02F1/163
摘要： An electro-optic window is provided which is powered solely by at least one discrete photovoltaic cell within an electro-optic window. The electro-optic window has front and back spaced-apart glass elements sealably bonded together in a spaced-apart relationship and defining a chamber filled with an electro-optic material. The front glass element has a transparent conductive layer on the face of the front glass element confronting the rear glass element and the rear glass element has a transparent conductive layer on the face confronting the front glass element. The seal is generally disposed along the perimeter of three edges of both glass elements and some distance in from the remaining (fourth) edge. The photovoltaic assembly is electrically connected to the two transparent conductive layers and is placed on the outer perimeter along this fourth edge with the photon-absorbing side of all the photovoltaic cells within the photovoltaic assembly facing in one direction ("out" the window). When light impinges on the photovoltaic cell a current is created which darkens the electro-optic material in proportion to the amount of impinging light. By choosing the relative area of the photovoltaic assembly to produce the correct current for the electro-optically active window area, the darkening of the electro-optic portion can be directly and accurately controlled without the need for any circuit, wires or shorting resistors. In addition, an apparatus for making an electro-optic window having two members capable of securing and holding two glass elements in a spaced-apart and parallel relationship is provided. The glass elements may be secured by vacuum-applying members or simple clips. The glass elements may be held in a spaced-apart and parallel relationship by a hydraulic mechanism or by simple spacers placed between the securing members.
摘要翻译： 提供电光窗，其仅由电光窗内的至少一个分立的光伏电池供电。 电光窗具有以间隔开的关系密封地结合在一起的前部和后部间隔开的玻璃元件，并且限定了充满电光材料的室。 前玻璃元件在与前玻璃元件相对的前玻璃元件的表面上具有透明导电层，后玻璃元件在与前玻璃元件相对的面上具有透明导电层。 密封件通常沿着两个玻璃元件的三个边缘的周边设置，并且与剩余的（第四）边缘距离一定距离。 光伏组件电连接到两个透明导电层，并且沿着第四边缘放置在外周边上，光伏组件内的所有光伏电池的光子吸收侧面向一个方向（“向外”）。 当光照射在光伏电池上时，产生电流，使电光材料与入射光的量成比例地变暗。 通过选择光电组件的相对面积以产生用于电光窗口区域的正确电流，可以直接和精确地控制电光部分的变暗，而不需要任何电路，导线或短路电阻器。 此外，提供了一种用于制造具有两个能够以间隔和平行关系固定和保持两个玻璃元件的构件的电光窗的装置。 玻璃元件可以通过真空施加构件或简单的夹子来固定。 玻璃元件可以通过液压机构或通过固定构件之间的简单间隔件保持间隔开和平行的关系。
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公开(公告)号：US6111683A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-29
申请号：US175984
申请日：1998-10-20
CPC分类号： B60R1/088 , B60Q1/2665 , B60R1/1207 , G02F1/1533 , B60R2001/1215 , B60R2001/1223 , H01L51/529
摘要： An improved electrochromic rearview mirror assembly for motor vehicles is disclosed that includes a signal light mounted behind the electrochromic mirror. The electrochromic mirror has a signal light area formed in its reflective coating by removing a portion of the reflective coating and aligning the signal light with this signal light area. The portion removed is laser ablated to leave lines devoid of reflective material separated by lines of the reflective material. The signal light area may be formed in the reflective coating of the electrochromic mirror regardless of whether the reflective coating is applied to the rear or front surface of the rear element of the electrochromic mirror. If the reflective coating is applied to the front surface of the rear element (i.e., the third surface), the reflective material used is also electrically conductive so as to function as one of the electrodes for the electrochromic mirror. In this case, the remaining lines of reflective material in the signal light area are in electrical contact with the remaining reflective and conductive layer on the third surface. The reflective layer forms an integral electrode in contact with the electrochromic media, and may be a single layer of a highly reflective material or may comprise a series of coatings where the outer coating is a highly reflecting material.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于机动车辆的改进的电致变色后视镜组件，其包括安装在电致变色镜后面的信号灯。 电致变色镜具有通过去除反射涂层的一部分并使信号光与该信号光区域对准而在其反射涂层中形成的信号光区域。 去除的部分被激光烧蚀以留下没有由反射材料线分开的反射材料的管线。 信号光区域可以形成在电致变色镜的反射涂层中，而不管反射涂层是施加到电致变色镜的后部元件的后表面还是前表面。 如果将反射涂层施加到后部元件（即，第三表面）的前表面，则所使用的反射材料也是导电的，以便用作电致变色镜的电极之一。 在这种情况下，信号光区域中反射材料的剩余线与第三表面上剩余的反射和导电层电接触。 反射层形成与电致变色介质接触的整体电极，并且可以是高反射材料的单层，或者可以包括一系列涂层，其中外涂层是高反射材料。
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公开(公告)号：US06594065B2
公开(公告)日：2003-07-15
申请号：US09866930
申请日：2001-05-29
IPC分类号： G02F115
摘要： Electrochromic structures, such as windows and panels, are provided wherein privacy and changes in the color of an electrochromic medium incorporated in the structures may be either enhanced or hidden when viewed from a predetermined direction, as for example, when viewed from the outside of a building or when viewed from one side of a transparent interior panel in a building.
摘要翻译： 提供电致变色结构，例如窗户和面板，其中当从预定方向观察时，结合在结构中的电致变色介质的隐私和变化可以被增强或隐藏，例如当从一个 建筑物或当从建筑物中的透明内部面板的一侧观察时。
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7.发明授权Electrochromic rearview mirror incorporating a third surface metal reflector and a display/signal light 有权具有第三表面金属反射器和显示器/信号灯的电致变色后视镜
公开(公告)号：US06111684A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-29
申请号：US197400
申请日：1998-11-20
申请人： Jeffrey A. Forgette , Harlan J. Byker , William L. Tonar , Frederick T. Bauer , David J. Cammenga , John K. Roberts
发明人： Jeffrey A. Forgette , Harlan J. Byker , William L. Tonar , Frederick T. Bauer , David J. Cammenga , John K. Roberts
CPC分类号： B60Q1/2665 , B60R1/088 , B60R1/1207 , G02F1/155 , G02F1/157 , B60R2001/1215 , B60R2001/1223 , G02F1/1506 , G02F2001/1502 , G02F2001/1512 , G02F2201/34 , G02F2203/02
摘要： An electrochromic mirror is disclosed for use in a vehicle rearview mirror assembly having a light source positioned behind the electrochromic mirror for selectively projecting light through the mirror. The electrochromic mirror includes front and rear spaced elements each having front and rear surfaces and being sealably bonded together in a spaced-apart relationship to define a chamber, a layer of transparent conductive material disposed on the rear surface of the front element, at least one solution-phase electrochromic material contained within the chamber, and a second electrode overlying the front surface of the rear element in contact with the electrochromic material. The second electrode includes a layer of highly reflective material and a coating of electrically conductive material that is at least partially transmissive and is disposed over substantially all of the front surface of the rear element. The second electrode further includes a region in front of the light source that is at least partially transmissive. The electrically conductive coating may include a single transparent layer or a plurality of partially reflective and transmissive layers, or an electrically conductive dichroic coating. The light source may be an information display, such as a compass/temperature display as used in an inside rearview mirror, or may be a signal light as used in an outside rearview mirror.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于车辆后视镜组件中的电致变色镜，其具有位于电致变色镜后面的光源，用于选择性地将光投射通过反射镜。 电致变色镜包括前后分隔的元件，每个元件具有前表面和后表面，并且以间隔开的关系密封地结合在一起，以限定室，设置在前元件的后表面上的透明导电材料层，至少一个 包含在室内的溶液相电致变色材料，以及覆盖与电致变色材料接触的后部元件的前表面的第二电极。 第二电极包括高反射材料层和至少部分透射并且设置在后部元件的基本上所有前表面上的导电材料涂层。 第二电极还包括至少部分透射的在光源前面的区域。 导电涂层可以包括单个透明层或多个部分反射和透射层或导电二向色涂层。 光源可以是诸如在内侧后视镜中使用的罗盘/温度显示器的信息显示器，或者可以是在外部后视镜中使用的信号灯。
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公开(公告)号：US5808778A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-15
申请号：US729569
申请日：1996-10-11
CPC分类号： G02F1/1521 , B60R1/088 , B60R2001/1215
摘要： An electro-optic rearview mirror which has improved glare-reducing properties and in which the electro-optic medium in a darkened state has enhanced transmittance of visible light in the generally orange, red and near infrared wavelengths. If desired, the electro-optic rearview mirror embodying the invention may incorporate display means which shines through the electro-optic medium, the peak emission of the display means substantially corresponding with the enhanced transmittance of the electro-optic medium whereby the brightness of the display means is increased.
摘要翻译： 具有改善的防眩光特性的电光后视镜，其中处于变暗状态的电光介质增加了在一般橙色，红色和近红外波长的可见光的透射率。 如果需要，体现本发明的电光后视镜可以包括照射通过电光介质的显示装置，显示装置的峰值发射基本上对应于电光介质的增强的透射率，由此显示器的亮度 手段增加。
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公开(公告)号：US06665107B2
公开(公告)日：2003-12-16
申请号：US10260705
申请日：2002-09-30
申请人： Jeffrey A. Forgette , Harlan J. Byker , William L. Tonar , Frederick T. Bauer , David J. Cammenga
发明人： Jeffrey A. Forgette , Harlan J. Byker , William L. Tonar , Frederick T. Bauer , David J. Cammenga
IPC分类号： G02F1153
CPC分类号： B60R1/088 , B60Q1/2665 , B60R1/1207 , B60R2001/1215 , B60R2001/1223 , G02F1/1506 , G02F1/155 , G02F1/157 , G02F2001/1502 , G02F2001/1512 , G02F2201/34 , G02F2203/02 , H01L51/529
摘要： An electrochromic variable reflectance mirror for a vehicle includes a front element having a rear surface with a first layer of electrically conductive material disposed thereon, and a rear element having a front surface with a second layer of electrically conductive material disposed thereon. An electrical conductor may be provided to electrically couple a portion of the first conductive layer with a portion of the second conductive layer. At least one of the first and second conductive layers may be separated into a first portion and a second portion that is electrically isolated from the first portion and is in electrical contact with an electrochromic material disposed between the elements. A seal is provided to sealably bond the elements together in a spaced-apart relationship. The seal may have at least one electrically conductive region.
摘要翻译： 用于车辆的电致变色可变反射镜包括前元件，其具有设置在其上的第一层导电材料的后表面，以及具有设置在其上的具有第二层导电材料的前表面的后元件。 可以提供电导体以将第一导电层的一部分与第二导电层的一部分电耦合。 第一和第二导电层中的至少一个可以被分离成与第一部分电隔离并与设置在元件之间的电致变色材料电接触的第一部分和第二部分。 提供密封件以间隔开的关系将元件可密封地结合在一起。 密封件可以具有至少一个导电区域。
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公开(公告)号：US06239898B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-29
申请号：US09200625
申请日：1998-11-30
IPC分类号： G02F1153
摘要： Electrochromic windows and panels are provided which have first and second spaced elements that are optically transparent to visible light. The first and second elements each have first and second sides, and the windows and panels define a sealed chamber disposed between the second side of the first element and the first side of the second element. The sealed chamber is filled with an electrochromic medium, and the transmission of visible light through the electrochromic medium is variable when an electrical potential is applied to electrically conductive coatings that are provided on the second side of the first element and the first side of the second element. A layer partially transmissive of visible light and partially reflective of visible light is provided on one of the sides of the first or second elements so that the application of electrical potential to the electrochromic medium causes variations in the visible light transmitted through the partially visible light transmissive and partially visible light reflective layer and through the electrochromic medium whereby privacy and changes in visible color of the electrochromic medium may be either enhanced in one embodiment of the invention or hidden in another embodiment of the invention.
摘要翻译： 提供电致变色窗和面板，其具有对可见光进行光学透明的第一和第二间隔元件。 第一和第二元件各自具有第一和第二侧面，并且窗户和面板限定了设置在第一元件的第二侧和第二元件的第一侧之间的密封室。 密封室充满电致变色介质，并且当将电位施加到设置在第一元件的第二侧上的导电涂层和第二元件的第一面上时，透过电致变色介质的可见光透射是可变的 元件。 在第一或第二元件的一个侧面上设置部分透射可见光并且部分反射可见光的层，使得向电致变色介质施加电位导致通过部分可见光透射的透射的可见光的变化 和部分可见的光反射层并且通过电致变色介质，由此在本发明的一个实施例中可以增强电致变色介质的可见颜色的隐私和变化，或者隐藏在本发明的另一个实施例中。
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