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公开(公告)号：US4249719A
公开(公告)日：1981-02-10
申请号：US602870
申请日：1975-08-07
CPC分类号： C21C5/48 , Y02P10/143
摘要： A tuyere for the injection of both a refining gas such as oxygen into a melting or refining vessel, and a fluid protective medium such as a hydrocarbon gas or a liquid surrounding the injected refining gas, in which there is a solid center in the pipe through which the refining gas is suplied so that the refining gas enters the refining vessel as an annulus around which the protective fluid is disposed.The tuyere is installd in the refractory lining of the refining vessel and the fluids passing into the vessel through the tuyere are proportioned so that burning back of the tuyere and erosion or wear of the lining take place at the same rate.The protective medium cools the tuyere and avoids reactions between the refining gas and the tuyere material.
摘要翻译： 用于将精炼气体如氧气注入熔融或精炼容器的风口，以及流体保护介质，例如烃气体或围绕注入的精炼气体的液体，其中在管道中存在固体中心 精炼气体被稀释，使得精炼气体作为环状物进入精炼容器，保护流体围绕该环空设置。 将风口安装在精炼容器的耐火衬里中，并且通过风口进入容器的流体成比例，使得风口的燃烧和衬里的侵蚀或磨损以相同的速率进行。 保护介质冷却风口并避免精炼气体和风口材料之间的反应。
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公开(公告)号：US4047707A
公开(公告)日：1977-09-13
申请号：US694413
申请日：1976-06-09
CPC分类号： C21C5/34
摘要： An improvement in the refining of molten metals in a converter by means of oxygen introduced into the metal through tuyeres which include two concentric pipes, oxygen being passed into the melt through the central pipe and a protective fluid being passed into the melt as a sheath or screen around the oxygen, through the clearance space between the two pipes. In the present invention two tuyeres, disposed horizontally and each passing through the convertor sidewall permit refining to be accomplished without any slopping or splashing of the melt and with only minor wear of the convertor lining.
摘要翻译： 改进了转炉中的熔融金属的精炼，其中通过包括两个同心管的风嘴将金属引入金属中，氧气通过中心管道进入熔体，保护性流体作为护套进入熔体， 屏幕周围的氧气，通过两个管道之间的间隙。 在本发明中，水平设置并且各自通过转换器侧壁的两个风口允许完成精炼，而不会使熔体发生任何喷溅或飞溅，并且仅具有转子内衬的微小磨损。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US3950161A
公开(公告)日：1976-04-13
申请号：US494678
申请日：1974-08-02
CPC分类号： C21C5/04
摘要： An increase in the life of basic refractory linings in hearth type refining furnaces and a decrease in tap-to-tap time is achieved by the use of at least one refining tuyere which consists of two concentric pipes. The central pipe feeds oxygen into the melt below the bath surface, and a hydrocarbon stream surrounds the oxygen being fed into the bath, the hydrocarbon flowing in the space between the two pipes. Preferably the tuyere is embedded in the furnace backwall and is approximately horizontal and is directed toward the center of the hearth. By use of the double tuyere, oxygen can be used for refining without experiencing excessive refractory wear.
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公开(公告)号：US3938790A
公开(公告)日：1976-02-17
申请号：US153277
申请日：1971-06-15
CPC分类号： C21C5/34
摘要： Pig-iron is refined into steel by blowing oxygen and a protective screen of an encasing gas through injecting means located at or near the bottom of a converter containing a melt of molten metal. The encasing gas while protecting the injecting means, allows it to be consumed at substantially the same rate as the bottom of the converter so that the injecting means is not left projecting from the bottom of the converter. The encasing gas can be one which is inert to the melt or the metal of the injecting means or both, or it can be a gas which reacts sluggishly with the melt or the material of the oxygen feed pipe or both. Desirably, the oxygen jet is circular in cross-section and the encasing gas is in the form of a concentric jet.A converter for carrying out the method is made up of a pear-shaped sheet-steel casing having a refractory lining and an inserted bottom provided with nozzles in the form of metal tubes for the oxygen and encasing gas. Preferably, a substantial portion (for example about half) of the converter bottom is free of nozzles. The nozzles can be arranged in groups and there can be rows running parallel with the tilting axis of the converter. The nozzles may also be arranged to cause circulation of the molten metal in the converter. The nozzles can be constructed to provide for swirling movement of the encasing gas. Examples of encasing gas which may be used are hydrogen, nitrogen, noble-gases, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen-fluoride, furnace-mouth gas, coke-oven gas, natural gas and other gases containing hydrocarbons.
摘要翻译： 生铁通过吹入氧气和通过位于包含熔融金属熔体的转炉底部或附近的注入装置而被包裹气体而被精炼成钢。 在保护喷射装置的同时，封装气体能够以与转炉底部基本相同的速度消耗，从而喷射装置不会从转炉的底部突出。 封装气体可以是对熔体或注入装置的金属或两者都是惰性的气体，或者它可以是与熔体或氧气进料管的材料或两者都缓慢反应的气体。 期望地，氧气射流是横截面为圆形，并且包围气体为同心射流的形式。
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公开(公告)号：US4062657A
公开(公告)日：1977-12-13
申请号：US684330
申请日：1976-05-07
CPC分类号： C21C5/34 , C10J3/46 , C10J3/57 , C10J3/723 , C21C5/48 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0996 , C10J2300/1807
摘要： This application describes a process and apparatus for gasifying sulphur bearing coal in a molten iron bath which is covered with a sulphur absorbing slag. In order to make the process practical, the hot liquid slag is transferred to a second vessel in which it is desulfurized by contact with an oxygen containing gas, and then returned as hot liquid slag to the iron bath for reuse.
摘要翻译： 本申请描述了一种在硫磺吸收炉渣覆盖的铁水浴中气化含硫煤的方法和装置。 为了使该方法可行，将热液体渣转移到第二容器中，其中通过与含氧气体接触将其脱硫，然后作为热液体渣返回到铁浴中以供重新使用。
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公开(公告)号：US3932172A
公开(公告)日：1976-01-13
申请号：US315377
申请日：1972-12-15
IPC分类号： C21C5/34
CPC分类号： C21C5/34
摘要： Pig-iron is refined into steel by blowing oxygen and a protective screen of an encasing gas through injecting means located at or near the bottom of a converter containing a melt of molten metal. The encasing gas while protecting the injecting means, allows it to be consumed at substantially the same rate as the bottom of the converter so that the injecting means is not left projecting from the bottom of the converter. The encasing gas can be one which is inert to the melt or the metal of the injecting means or both, or it can be a gas which reacts sluggishly with the melt or the material of the oxygen feed pipe or both. Desirably, the oxygen jet is circular in cross-section and the encasing gas is in the form of a concentric jet.A converter for carrying out the method is made up of a pear-shaped sheet-steel casing having a refractory lining and an inserted bottom provided with nozzles in the form of metal tubes for the oxygen and encasing gas. Preferably, a substantial portion (for example about half) of the converter bottom is free of nozzles. The nozzles can be arranged in groups and there can be rows running parallel with the tilting axis of the converter. The nozzles may also be arranged to cause circulation of the molten metal in the converter. The nozzles can be constructed to provide for swirling movement of the encasing gas. Examples of encasing gas which may be used are hydrogen, nitrogen, noble-gases, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen-fluoride, furnace-mouth gas, coke-oven gas, natural gas and other gases containing hydrocarbons.
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公开(公告)号：US4798624A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-17
申请号：US23369
申请日：1987-03-09
CPC分类号： C21B13/14 , C21B13/0013 , Y02P10/122 , Y02P10/126 , Y02P10/136
摘要： A method for the melt reduction of iron ores, in which iron oxide in the liquid state is substantially reduced and the energy required for the heat balance of the process is generated by adding carbonaceous fuels to the melt and by afterburning the resulting reaction gases, mainly CO and H.sub.2. The reaction gases are afterburned successively two or more times in oxygen-containing gas jets that blow into reaction spaces which are effectively independent of each other.
摘要翻译： 铁矿石的熔融还原方法，其中液态的氧化铁被显着地降低，并且通过向熔体中加入碳质燃料并且通过再次燃烧所得到的反应气体来产生该方法的热平衡所需的能量 CO和H2。 反应气体在含氧气体射流中连续二次以上燃烧，这些气体射入反应空间，这些反应空间有效地彼此独立。
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公开(公告)号：US4171971A
公开(公告)日：1979-10-23
申请号：US884510
申请日：1978-03-08
CPC分类号： C21B11/02 , C21B5/001 , C21B5/06 , Y02P10/136 , Y02P10/265 , Y02P10/283
摘要： A method of manufacturing hot metal from iron oxide in a shaft furnace by means of reduction with CO and H.sub.2 is described in the case of which iron oxide and coke are placed in the shaft furnace. For the purpose of the coke combustion, oxygen or a gas containing oxygen is introduced together with a reduction gas having a temperature ranging from approximately 1300.degree. to 1500.degree. C., comprising for the most part CO and H.sub.2 and introduced from the hot metal zone of fusion into the furnace shaft. The flue gas of the shaft furnace is purified at least partly, whereby a backflow gas comprising for the most part CO and H.sub.2 is formed and introduced back into the shaft furnace. This method is characterized by the fact that it is especially economical.
摘要翻译： 在竖炉中放置氧化铁和焦炭的情况下，描述了通过CO和H 2还原从竖炉中的氧化铁制造热金属的方法。 为了焦炭燃烧的目的，将氧气或含氧气体与约1300℃至1500℃的还原气体一起引入，其中大部分包括CO和H 2并从热金属区域引入 融入炉轴。 至少部分净化竖炉的烟气，由此形成大部分CO和H2的回流气体并引回到竖炉中。 这种方法的特征在于它是特别经济的。
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公开(公告)号：US06952971B2
公开(公告)日：2005-10-11
申请号：US10362270
申请日：2001-08-22
CPC分类号： G01F1/80
摘要： The invention relates to a device for measuring a mass flow, comprising a measuring wheel (3) that is supported by a shaft (4) and that is driven and impinged axially by the mass flow. Said wheel deflects the flow, giving it both radial and tangential speed components. The shaft bears an actuation spur wheel (7), which engages with an intermediate spur wheel (8) that is held in position by a force measuring device (14) and has a second meshing with a drive spur wheel (9) that is driven by a drive motor (13). The diameter of the actuation spur wheel (7) is more than 0.3 fold, preferably 0.5 to 1 of the diameter of the measuring wheel (3). This provides a device for measuring a mass flow, which has a high zero constant and thus a high degree of measuring precision, is cost-effective to produce, robust during operation and which has none of the disadvantages of prior art.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于测量质量流量的装置，包括由轴（4）支撑并被质量流动轴向冲击的测量轮（3）。 所述车轮偏转流动，给予径向和切向速度部件。 所述轴承有致动正齿轮（7），所述致动正齿轮（7）与通过力测量装置（14）保持在适当位置的中间正齿轮（8）接合，并且与被驱动的驱动正齿轮（9）具有第二啮合 通过驱动马达（13）。 致动正齿轮（7）的直径大于测量轮（3）的直径的0.3倍，优选为0.5至1。 这提供了一种用于测量质量流量的装置，其具有高零常数，因此具有高度的测量精度，在生产中是成本有效的，在操作期间是坚固的，并且其没有现有技术的缺点。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4330326A
公开(公告)日：1982-05-18
申请号：US177162
申请日：1980-08-11
CPC分类号： C21C5/34 , C10J3/57 , C10J2200/152 , C10J2200/36 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0943 , C10J2300/0953 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0996
摘要： A method and a means for introducing close-grained carbonaceous fuels, which are suspended in a carrier gas, and oxygen into a molten iron bath are described.In this method the fuel and the oxygen can be alternately introduced through the same introduction passage of a tuyere into a molten iron bath below the surface of the bath.The means provides for alternate supply of fuel or oxygen and is regulated by means of the oxygen line pressure.
摘要翻译： 描述了将悬浮在载气中的细粒碳质燃料和氧气引入铁水浴的方法和装置。 在这种方法中，燃料和氧气可以通过风口的相同的引入通道交替地引入到浴表面下方的铁水浴中。 该装置提供燃料或氧气的替代供应，并通过氧气管线压力进行调节。
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