摘要:
A flue gas desulfurization process by which gypsum can be recovered; the amount of water used therein is small, the effluent is treated in a closed system, the equipment used is minimized, and no scaling occurs; and an apparatus therefor are provided, the process including the following first process and second process: the first process comprising a cooling step of cooling and dedusting a SO.sub.2 -containing flue gas and removing acidic gases, an absorption step of contacting the cooled gas with a slurry containing limestone and lime to absorb and remove SO.sub.x and form CaSO.sub.3, a pH-adjusting step of adding H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 to the resulting slurry, an oxidation step of blowing an oxygen-containing gas in the pH-adjusted slurry to form gypsum, a step of concentrating the resulting gypsum slurry, a step of adjusting the concentration of the resulting slurry, a step of centrifugally separating gypsum, and a step of treating the effluent discharged from the cooling step, and the second process comprising, in the first process, further feeding the slurry of the absorption step to the cooling step where unreacted limestone is reacted with SO.sub.2 to form CaSO.sub.3 .
摘要:
A flue gas desulfurization process capable of producing a high purity gypsum and also making equipment employed as minimum as possible is provided, which process comprises the steps of cooling and dedusting flue gas containing SO.sub.x ; contacting the cooled gas with a slurry containing limestone to remove SO.sub.x by absorption and also form CaSO.sub.3 ; controlling the pH of the resulting slurry and then blowing air therein to form gypsum; and separating gypsum from the resulting slurry. As a modification of the above process, the slurry of the above second absorption step is further fed to the above first cooling step where unreacted limestone and SO.sub.x are reacted to form CaSO.sub.3.
摘要:
An elongated absorber housing, including an inlet duct and an outlet duct, is integrally provided on an upper portion of a circulation tank. The absorber is a self-supporting structure supported by only the circulation tank. At least the furthest upstream spraying stage in a spraying zone in the inlet duct includes spray pipes provided with spray nozzles for spraying an absorbing liquid in a direction cocurrent with gas flow, and at least the furthest downstream spraying stage includes spray nozzles for spraying the absorbing liquid in a direction countercurrent to the gas flow. The absorber is an integral structure in which the upper portion of the circulation tank forms a part of the duct, whereby the absorber is self-supportable and, moreover, is of a simple structure, giving it high strength and eliminating of the need for provision of fitments for supporting the absorber.
摘要:
An apparatus for wet process exhaust gas desulfurization including a spraying portion for spreading absorbent slurry including calcium compound, an absorbing tower for bringing the absorbent slurry sprayed from the spraying portion into contact with exhaust gas including sulfur oxides from opposite directions so as to absorb the sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas into the absorbent slurry, a slurry tank disposed below the absorbing tower for receiving the absorbent slurry from the absorbing tower, a plurality of stirrers for stirring each stirrer being an axial flow type agitator having a propeller, and circular system for circulating the absorbent slurry from the slurry tank to the spraying portion. The apparatus further includes a plurality of nozzles for feeding oxidizer gas including oxygen into the absorbent slurry from a backside of each propeller towards a periphery thereof uniformly with respect to a circumferential direction, thereby bubbling the oxidizer gas finely around each propeller.
摘要:
A wet-type flue gas desulfurization method and plant making use of a solid desulfurizing agent in which exhaust gas exhausted from a combustion apparatus such as a boiler is brought into contact with absorbing liquid to absorb sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas into the absorbing liquid followed by neutralization of the absorbing liquid containing the sulfur oxide thus absorbed. The solid desulfurizing agent is selectively retained in an absorbing liquid neutralizing zone and the absorbing liquid, containing water as a main constituent and solid products formed from the absorbed sulfur oxide, is selectively removed from the neutralizing zone. In the neutralizing zone the upward flow of the absorbing liquid, optionally augmented by an upward flow of air or water, forms a fluidized bed of limestone particles, thereby preventing coating of the limestone by gypsum and thereby retaining reactivity of limestone. According to the present invention, coexistence of Al and F in the absorbing liquid seldom deteriorates the desulfurizing performance. Further, it is possible to reduce power and cost required to grind limestone and to achieve a higher desulfurizing performance.
摘要:
A wet-type flue gas desulfurization method and plant making use of a solid desulfurizing agent in which exhaust gas exhausted from a combustion apparatus such as a boiler is brought into contact with absorbing liquid to absorb sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas into the absorbing liquid followed by neutralization of the absorbing liquid containing the sulfur oxide thus absorbed. The solid desulfurizing agent is selectively retained in an absorbing liquid neutralizing zone and the absorbing liquid, containing water as a main constituent and solid products formed from the absorbed sulfur oxide, is selectively removed from the neutralizing zone. In the neutralizing zone the upward flow of the absorbing liquid, optionally augmented by an upward flow of air or water, forms a fluidized bed of limestone particles, thereby preventing coating of the limestone by gypsum and thereby retaining reactivity of limestone. According to the present invention, coexistence of Al and F in the absorbing liquid seldom deteriorates the desulfurizing performance. Further, it is possible to reduce power and cost required to grind limestone and to achieve a higher desulfurizing performance.
摘要:
A wet-type flue gas desulfurization method and plant making use of a solid desulfurizing agent in which exhaust gas exhausted from a combustion apparatus such as a boiler is brought into contact with absorbing liquid to absorb sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas into the absorbing liquid followed by neutralization of the absorbing liquid containing the sulfur oxide thus absorbed. The solid desulfurizing agent is selectively retained in an absorbing liquid neutralizing zone and the absorbing liquid, containing water as a main constituent and solid products formed from the absorbed sulfur oxide, is selectively removed from the neutralizing zone. In the neutralizing zone the upward flow of the absorbing liquid, optionally augmented by an upward flow of air or water, forms a fluidized bed of limestone particles, thereby preventing coating of the limestone by gypsum and thereby retaining reactivity of limestone. According to the present invention, coexistence of Al and F in the absorbing liquid seldom deteriorates the desulfurizing performance. Further, it is possible to reduce power and cost required to grind limestone and to achieve a higher desulfurizing performance.
摘要:
Exhaust gas from combustion equipment such as a boiler is brought into contact with an absorbing liquid to absorb sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas into the absorbing liquid. Limestone particles having larger diameters are selectively retained in a zone wherein the absorbing liquid that has absorbed the sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas is neutralized. The absorbing liquid containing water and the gypsum thereby formed, as main constituents, are selectively drained from the neutralizing zone and recycled for renewed contact with the exhaust gas. Because of the possibility of a large decrease of desulfurizing performance due to a variation in the load on the boiler, etc., at least one of the following is monitored: pressure drop across the neutralizing zone, torque of a stirring device, solids concentration in the absorbing liquid, specific gravity of the absorbing liquid and viscosity of the absorbing liquid. Responsive to the monitored parameters outlet SO.sub.2 concentration is controlled within a predetermined range by regulation of at least one of the following: flow rate of the absorbing liquid circulated into contact with the exhaust gas, amount of the solid desulfurizing agent added to the absorbing liquid, particle diameter of the solid desulfurizing agent and speed of agitation of the solid desulfurizing agent in the neutralizing zone.
摘要:
Optimum overall operation of a whole plant including a combustion unit such as a boiler and a wet-process flue gas desulfurization unit comprising an absorption column for removing sulfur dioxide from a flue gas from the combustion unit by absorption using a slurry of an absorbing agent such as limestone powder circulated through absorption column, recycle pumps for circulating the slurry through the absorption column and oxidation air blowers for supplying an oxidation air to the absorption column and a recycle tank is controlled by anticipating a future pH value of the circulating slurry and a future inlet sulfur dioxide content of the flue gas from a present pH value of the circulating slurry and a present inlet sulfur dioxide content of the flue gas and their change rates by computing, anticipating a future desulfurization ratio from both the anticipated pH value and inlet SO.sub.2 content and a recycle rate of the slurry, and controlling the recycle rate of the circulating slurry on the basis of the anticipated desulfurization ratio, where a desired desulfurization ratio can be readily and continuously maintained against any change in fuel species and load of a boiler with reduced utility consumption.
摘要:
Printing plate production apparatus wherein a latent image is formed at the surface of photoconductive insulating sheet, either by an optical system for effecting sheet exposure or by a laser emission scanning system which constitutes the terminal of a facsimile transmission system, this latent image is developed by toner particles, for example, which are applied on, but not fixed on the photoconductive sheet, the developed image is temporarily transferred onto a printing plate with which the photoconductive sheet is brought into pressure contact, and the printing plate carrying the developed image is exposed to light which may effect chemical changes in the printing plate to harden portion thereof unprotected by toner particles after which the printing plate receives treatment to remove toner particles and unhardened portions thereof. In the means of the invention a sheet carrying a developed image initially transmitted by a single facsimile transmission system may be employed as a master copy which is mounted in the exposure system and serves in production of a plurality of identical printing plates.