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公开(公告)号：US5249512A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-05
申请号：US885722
申请日：1992-03-20
CPC分类号： F04B1/1071 , F01B13/061 , F04B1/0408
摘要： A hydrostatic pump and motor combination is disclosed including a rotor having radially disposed cylinders containing reciprocatably disposed spherical balls therein. A free outer race is eccentrically disposed about the rotor to define either a pump or motor. The cylinders are tilted relative to the center of the rotor to reduce side torque thrust loads on the cylinders. Also disclosed are a hydrostatic pump and motor including matching spherical slipper shoes and spherical free outer race. Hydrostatic thrust cups are disposed within the cylinders to reduce frictional losses, wear, and leakage. The thrust cups include hydrostatic means for supporting the balls in the cylinders, thereby self adjusting in response to fluid pressure and centrifugal loads.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种静液压泵和电动机组合，其包括具有径向设置的气缸的转子，其中容纳可往复运动的球形球。 一个自由的外圈围绕转子偏心地设置，以限定一个泵或马达。 气缸相对于转子的中心倾斜，以减少气缸上的侧向扭矩推力载荷。 还公开了一种静液压泵和马达，其包括匹配的球形拖鞋和球形游离外圈。 静压推力杯设置在气缸内以减少摩擦损失，磨损和泄漏。 推力杯包括用于支撑气缸中的滚珠的静压装置，从而根据流体压力和离心载荷进行自调节。
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公开(公告)号：US5143029A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-01
申请号：US745277
申请日：1991-08-14
CPC分类号： F02B25/14 , F01L7/12 , F02B25/08 , F02B41/00 , F01L2101/00 , F02B2075/025
摘要： A two-cycle internal combustion engine includes two opposed pistons reciprocatable within a cylinder, between which an air-fuel mixture is injected and ignited. One of the pistons, a compression piston, is connected to a rotatable flywheel for storing energy from reciprocation of the compression piston during the adiabatic expansion stroke. The other piston, a power piston, is attached to a pump piston which operates in a hydraulic pump to displace a hydrostatic fluid at a constant reaction pressure but at a variable stroke. Work is removed from this engine through the hydrostatic fluid, which can be fed to a hydrostatic drive unit. The flywheel is not connected to the primary load, but is used principally to drive the compression piston upward during the compression stroke of the engine. During the compression stroke, the air-fuel mixture is compressed and ignited to a pressure determined by the hydraulic reaction pressure in the hydraulic pump. The gas column is pushed upward in the cylinder, pushing the power pistion upward to displace hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic pump. Ignition of the air-fuel mixture occurs during the compression stroke before the compression piston reaches top-dead-center, and can be advanced or delayed to decrease or increase the energy stored in the flywheel.
摘要翻译： 双循环内燃机包括两个相对的活塞，其在气缸内往复运动，在空气燃料混合物之间喷射和点燃。 其中一个活塞，一个压缩活塞，连接到可旋转的飞轮，用于在绝热膨胀冲程期间从压缩活塞的往复运动中储存能量。 另一个活塞，一个动力活塞，连接到泵活塞，泵活塞在液压泵中工作，以恒定的反应压力但是以可变的冲程移动静液压流体。 通过静液体流体将该工作从该发动机中移出，静压流体可以被输送到静液压驱动单元。 飞轮未连接到主负载，但主要用于在发动机的压缩冲程期间向上驱动压缩活塞。 在压缩行程期间，空气 - 燃料混合物被压缩并点燃到由液压泵中的液压反应压力确定的压力。 将气柱向上推到气缸中，向上推动动力活塞以移动液压泵中的液压油。 在压缩冲程之前，在压缩冲程达到上止点之前发生空燃混合物的点燃，并且可以被推进或延迟以减少或增加存储在飞轮中的能量。
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公开(公告)号：US06360710B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-26
申请号：US09733658
申请日：2000-12-08
IPC分类号： F02F300
CPC分类号： F02F3/00 , F02F3/28 , F05C2251/042
摘要： An improvement to the crank piston for reciprocating operation within a cylinder of any internal combustion engine includes a short cylinder defining a recess under a piston crown port plate closing the recess to define a bounce gas chamber therein. A rocket piston disc is disposed for reciprocation within the bounce gas chamber. The plate defines a plurality of openings therethrough to permit communication of combustion gas between the engine cylinder and the chamber above the piston disc. The rocket piston disc is sized to allow combustion gas to leak behind the disc into the bounce gas chamber. The disc operates as a rocket piston by first trapping a fraction of peak pressure as bounce gas between the disc and the bottom of the cylinder, next compressing this bounce gas in response to auto-ignition gas pressure exerted through the ports, and then providing supplemental crank power as the rocket piston disc is pushed upward to seat by the increased pressure bounce gas. In one embodiment, a support member in the form of a conical spring can be provided to hold the rocket piston disc near a seat in the port plate. The spring force rate may be increased to raise bounce pressure if desired.
摘要翻译： 在任何内燃机的气缸内用于往复运动的曲柄活塞的改进包括限定在活塞冠端口板下方的凹部的短圆筒，该活塞冠端口板封闭凹部以在其中限定反弹气体室。 火箭活塞盘被设置用于在反弹气室内往复运动。 板限定穿过其中的多个开口，以允许发动机气缸和活塞盘上方的室之间的燃烧气体的连通。 火箭活塞盘的尺寸使得燃烧气体能够在盘后泄漏到反弹气室中。 该盘作为火箭活塞作为火箭活塞，首先将一部分峰值压力作为弹簧气体在圆盘和气缸的底部之间捕获，接着压缩该反弹气体以响应通过端口施加的自动点燃气体压力，然后提供补充 当火箭活塞盘被增加的压力反弹气体向上推到座位时，曲柄动力。 在一个实施例中，可以提供锥形弹簧形式的支撑构件以将火箭活塞盘保持在端口板中的座位附近。 如果需要，可以增加弹簧力的速率以提高反弹压力。
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公开(公告)号：US6035814A
公开(公告)日：2000-03-14
申请号：US185302
申请日：1998-11-03
摘要： An internal combustion engine in one embodiment includes a number of cylinders each having a crank piston connected to an engine crankshaft and disposed within a combustion chamber. Each cylinder includes a valve seat projecting inward from cylinder wall offset from the top dead center position of the crank piston. A free piston is slidingly disposed within the cylinder between the head end and the valve seat. The free piston has an outer diameter that is less than the inner diameter of the cylinder to permit leakage of combustion gas past the free piston. The free piston also includes a lower face opposing the crank piston with an annular groove defined in the lower face configured for sealing engagement with the valve seat. The free piston defines a pressure chamber that is pressurized during the by combustion process when the free piston is disposed apart from the valve seat.
摘要翻译： 一个实施例中的内燃机包括多个气缸，每个气缸具有连接到发动机曲轴并设置在燃烧室内的曲柄活塞。 每个气缸包括从气缸壁向内突出的阀座，其偏离曲柄活塞的上止点位置。 自由活塞滑动地设置在气缸内的头端和阀座之间。 自由活塞具有小于气缸内径的外径，以允许燃烧气体泄漏通过自由活塞。 自由活塞还包括与曲柄活塞相对的下表面，其中限定在下表面中的环形槽被构造用于与阀座密封接合。 自由活塞限定了一个压力室，当自由活塞与阀座分开时，通过燃烧过程被加压。
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公开(公告)号：US5261797A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-16
申请号：US830657
申请日：1992-02-04
CPC分类号： F04B41/04 , F02B33/24 , F02B37/04 , F02B37/105 , F02B2075/025 , Y02T10/144
摘要： A two cycle internal combustion engine is disclosed incorporating a spherical joint between the piston and the connecting rod. The spherical joint draws lubricating oil into a clearance volume, wherein the oil is sealed therein to hydrostatically transfer piston loads thereacross as the piston reciprocates. The engine further includes a working pump piston for operating on hydraulic fluid. An accumulator chamber is also provided in combination with the engine, wherein the pressure of the fluid in the accumulator chamber is maintained equal to the working fluid pressure of the engine pump by valve means. Also disclosed is a pulse pressure booster for delivering charged air to the combustion chamber of the engine. The pulse pressure booster receives pressurized sump gas and includes a piston for separating the inlet air from the sump gas while communicating pressures thereacross. Also disclosed is an improved reaction valve in the hydrocycle engine pump, wherein the valve incorporates a spring disk configuration to facilitate faster opening of the reaction valve.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种在循环内燃机中并入活塞和连杆之间的球形接头。 球形接头将润滑油抽吸到间隙容积中，其中油被密封在其中，以在活塞往复运动时在其上水分地传递活塞负载。 发动机还包括用于在液压流体上操作的工作泵活塞。 蓄能室还与发动机组合设置，其中蓄能器室中的流体的压力通过阀装置保持等于发动机泵的工作流体压力。 还公开了一种用于将带电空气输送到发动机的燃烧室的脉冲增压器。 脉冲压力增压器接收加压的油底壳气体，并且包括活塞，该活塞用于将进气与油底壳气体分离，同时连通压力。 还公开了一种在循环泵发动机泵中的改进的反应阀，其中阀包括弹簧盘构造以便于更快地打开反应阀。
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公开(公告)号：US5109810A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-05
申请号：US587233
申请日：1990-09-24
摘要： A two-cycle internal combustion engine includes two opposed pistons reciprocatable within a cylinder, between which an air-fuel mixture is injected and ignited. One of the pistons, a compression piston, is connected to a rotatable flywheel for storing energy from reciprocation of the compression piston during the adiabatic expansion stroke. The other piston, a power piston, is attached to a pump piston which operates in a hydraulic pump to displace a hydrostatic fluid at a constant reaction pressure but at a variable stroke. Work is removed from this engine through the hydrostatic fluid, which can be fed to a hydrostatic drive unit. The flywheel is not connected to the primary load, but is used principally to drive the compression piston upward during the compression stroke of the engine. During the compression stroke, the air-fuel mixture is compressed and ignited to a pressure determined by the hydraulic reaction pressure in the hydraulic pump. The gas column is pushed upward in the cylinder, pushing the power piston upward to displace hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic pump. Ignition of the air-fuel mixture occurs during the compression stroke before the compression piston reaches top-dead-center, and can be advanced or delayed to decrease or increase the energy stored in the flywheel.
摘要翻译： 双循环内燃机包括两个相对的活塞，其在气缸内往复运动，在空气燃料混合物之间喷射和点燃。 其中一个活塞，一个压缩活塞，连接到可旋转的飞轮，用于在绝热膨胀冲程期间从压缩活塞的往复运动中储存能量。 另一个活塞，一个动力活塞，连接到泵活塞，泵活塞在液压泵中工作，以恒定的反应压力但是以可变的冲程移动静液压流体。 通过静液体流体将该工作从该发动机中移出，静压流体可以被输送到静液压驱动单元。 飞轮未连接到主负载，但主要用于在发动机的压缩冲程期间向上驱动压缩活塞。 在压缩行程期间，空气 - 燃料混合物被压缩并点燃到由液压泵中的液压反应压力确定的压力。 气柱在气缸中被向上推动，将动力活塞向上推动以移动液压泵中的液压流体。 在压缩冲程之前，在压缩冲程达到上止点之前发生空燃混合物的点燃，并且可以被推进或延迟以减少或增加存储在飞轮中的能量。
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