摘要:
The invention is a process for manufacturing granules of a washing or cleaning agent from an at least partly solid mixture of granules by admixing plasticizers or lubricants with the granules and passing the mixture through a mixing zone at an elevated temperature and pressure to form a plastic flowable material and passing the plastic flowable material through a plurality of orifices of small diameter and cutting the extruded material at predetermined lengths to form a particulate washing or cleaning agent.
摘要:
A process for the production of compacted granules for use in a detergent composition by providing a homogeneous, solid, free-flowing premix to which a plasticizer or lubricant is added, and extruding the mixture through a perforated die under a pressure of from about 25 bar to about 200 bar to form strands of the mixture. The perforated die has an opening width corresponding to a predetermined size of the granules. After emerging from the perforated die, the strands are cut to the predetermined size of the granules by means of a cutting unit. The process enables the preparation of detergent compositions containing increased contents of surfactant components.
摘要:
This invention relates to an extruder having a granulating head for the granulation of a plastic molding compound which does not flow under gravity, more particularly an enzyme concentrate suitable for detergents, to granules having a particle size of at most 1 mm and, more particularly, at most 0.8 mm. To obtain uniform distribution of the molding compound to be processed over the entire cross-section of the molding plate, the granulating head has an externally arranged die plate support carrying perforated disks, a displacement cone arranged behind the die plate support and a preliminary distributor in the form of a perforated plate arranged between the die plate support and the displacement cone. In addition, the die plate support has bore-like passages each with a perforated disk which is arranged at the front end thereof and of which the bores have a rear zone of relatively large cross-section and a front zone of relatively small cross-section, the transitional zone between the rear zone and the front zone being inclined at an angle of 55.degree. to 65.degree. C. relative to the horizontal.
摘要:
The present invention is for a process for the preparation of alkali metal salts of acyl cyanamides, especially those of aliphatic carboxylic acids by reacting carboxylic acid esters of lower alcohols with monoalkali metal cyanamides. The reaction results in a process which is simple and efficient and one which can be used in commercial scale batch or continuous operations.
摘要:
The aliphatic primary alcohols are reacted with a glycose, more especially glucose, in the presence of an acidic catalyst in certain process steps so that particularly light-colored and alkali-stable alkyl glucosides are obtained after a subsequent, compulsory bleaching step, which represents an improvement over known direct synthesis processes. The process may be carried out both on a laboratory scale and also on an industrial production scale.
摘要:
A method for the production of granular sodium perborate tetrahydrate is disclosed herein. The method includes the steps of adding 0.3-5% by weight of a sodium salt or a potassium salt of a polymeric carboxylic acid to powdered perborate tetrahydrate, softening the mixture by heating under pressure to form a plastically deformable mass, deforming the plastically deformable mass into thin strands by pressing, and comminuting the strands into granular form. The perborate tetrahydrate may be de-watered to produce granular perborate monohydrate. The final granular products exhibit high abrasion resistance and are preferably used in washing and cleaning agents.
摘要:
The invention relates to the use of selected carboxylic acid esters which are liquid under reaction conditions and correspond to general formula (I)X--COOR.sup.1 (I)in which R.sup.1 is an alkyl radical unbranched in the .alpha.-position and X is hydrogen or a group corresponding to general formula (II) ##STR1## in which R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 represent fluorine and/or chlorine and one of these substituents may also be hydrogen or one or two of these substituents may also be lower alkyl, as reaction medium for the sulfonation and/or sulfatization or organic components with SO.sub.3 to light-colored reaction products.
摘要:
A process for the catalytic hydrogenation of butterfat where non-deacidified butterfat is continuously reacted with hydrogen under pressures of from 20 to 300 bar and at temperatures of from 180.degree. to 250.degree. C. with molar ratios of hydrogen to fatty acid residue in the butterfat of from 10:1 to 500:1. The reaction is carried out over catalysts which contain from 30 to 40% by weight copper, from 23 to 30% by weight chromium, from 1 to 10% by weight manganese, from 1 to 10% by weight silicon, and from 1 to 7% by weight barium. The percentages by weight in each case are based on the total oxidic mass of the catalyst. Other transition metals, especially zirconium and cerium, are additionally incorporated into the catalyst. The metals in the catalyst are converted to their oxides by calcination. The catalyst is converted into shaped particulate or granulated elements with from 1 to 10% by weight of at least one binder in addition to 1 to 10% by weight graphite. The catalyst is activated with hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing gas mixture.The reaction products include alcohols, oxo- and hydroxyfatty alcohols corresponding to the natural fatty acid composition of the butterfat and the desired, valuable product, propylene glycol. This process is advantageous since it eliminates the need for preseparation of the relatively short-chain fatty acids (or deacidification) of the butterfat prior to hydrogenation.
摘要:
A process for producing shaped, agglomerated, particulate solids, by combining finely divided solids with a polymeric binder solution and curing the combination with polyvalent metal cations; and the products of such process.
摘要:
Process for the production of a new copper (II) chromite spinel catalyst using colloidal silica gel and to its use for the direct fixed-bed hydrogenation of fatty acids to fatty alcohols of corresponding chain length.