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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4655885A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-07
申请号：US817570
申请日：1986-01-10
CPC分类号： C12Q1/003
摘要： In a bioelectrochemical process in which the electrons are transferred directly, without use of a mediator, such as a redox dye or cofactor, between an electrode and an electroactive biological material, such as an enzyme or a protein, in either direction, rapid electron transfer has previously been achieved between an electrode and the positively charged protein horse-heart cytochrome c by adding a surface-modifier such as 4,4'-bipyridyl or a derivative thereof.It has now been found possible to promote electron transfer to either a positively or a negatively charged protein using the same surface-modifier for either job, namely a compound of formula ##STR1## wherein: the pyridine ring shown is substituted in the 2-, 3- or 4-position by the (methylene)hydrazinecarbothioamide group shown;R.sup.1 represents hydrogen atom(s) or one or two methyl or ethyl groups in the 2-,3- or 4-position (when the said position is not substituted by the (methylene)hydrazinecarbothioamide group shown);R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; andR.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
摘要翻译： 在生物电化学工艺中，电子直接转移，而不使用电极和电活性生物材料（如酶或蛋白质）之间的任何一个方向，不使用介质（如氧化还原染料或辅因子），快速电子转移 之前已经通过添加表面改性剂如4,4'-联吡啶或其衍生物在电极和带正电荷的蛋白质马 - 心细胞色素c之间实现。 现在已经发现可以使用相同的表面改性剂促进电子转移为正电荷或带负电荷的蛋白质，即任一工作的化合物，即式（1）的化合物，其中：所示的吡啶环在 （亚甲基）肼基硫代酰胺基团的2-，3-或4-位; R1表示2-，3-或4-位的氢原子或一个或两个甲基或乙基（当所述位置未被所示的（亚甲基）肼甲硫基酰胺基团取代时）; R2表示氢原子或甲基; R3表示氢原子或甲基; 并且R 4表示氢原子或甲基。
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公开(公告)号：US5081091A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-14
申请号：US542831
申请日：1990-06-25
申请人： Denis G. H. Ballard , Anthony Pickering , Peter J. I. Runciman , Rowena J. Sellens , Nicholas J. Walton
发明人： Denis G. H. Ballard , Anthony Pickering , Peter J. I. Runciman , Rowena J. Sellens , Nicholas J. Walton
CPC分类号： C08F4/42
摘要： A catalyst for addition polymerization comprising(a) an (initiator) first component comprising a plurality of atoms M as hereinafter defined, each in a moiety of formula (I):MX(Y.sub.n)Z.sub.p (I) whereinM is Si, Ge or Snn is 0 or an integer, and p is an integer such that (n+p)=3;X is a diradical ##STR1## bound via Q to M whereQ is N, P, As or P(=T)G.D where T is O or S and G and D are each independently a bond, O or S,R.sup.1 is optionally substituted hydrocarbyl, or, when Q is P, M(Y.sub.n)Z.sub.p as herein defined,R.sup.2 is optionally substituted hydrocarbadiyl, orR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together are hydrocarbatriyl,all such R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 being inert in the conditions of the process of the present invention; andR.sup.2 being linked directly or indirectly to any group as defined for X, or an organic radical comprising further moieties of formula (I), or one or more M(Y.sub.n)Zp moieties as herein defined; andY and Z are independently any group A or OA where A is optionally substituted hydrocarbyl inert in the conditions of the process of the present invention, or Y is optionally substituted trialkylsilylalkyl; and(b) a (co-catalyst) second component salt comprising an anion selected from azide, cyanide, cuanate, fluoride, bifluoride, nitrate and optionally substituted organic mono- and poly-phosphonates, -phosphinates -sulphonates, -sulphinates, -carboxylates, -siloxides and -oxides; anda cation which in use of the catalyst is inert under the polymerization process conditions yet renders the co-catalyst available in the polymerizing medium; initiator components for such catalysts, compositions comprising such components, and a polymerization process, in particular the addition polymierization of vinylic monomers, using the catalysts.
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公开(公告)号：US5319014A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-07
申请号：US882872
申请日：1992-05-14
IPC分类号： C08K3/00 , C01B33/40 , C01B33/44 , C08F2/44 , C08F20/00 , C08F20/14 , C08F20/18 , C08L33/04 , C08L33/12 , C08J3/20 , C08F222/16
CPC分类号： C08F20/14
摘要： A fluid, highly filled, curable composition comprising an organic liquid which is polymerisable to form a solid polymer without the formation of elimination products and which is based on methyl methacrylate, 20 to 70% by volume of finely divided inorganic filler particles, at least 1% by volume of these being in the form of particles having a diameter of at least 30 microns, with the proviso that when the maximum particle size of such particles is 150 microns they are present at a concentration of between 20% and 70% by volume and when particles are present having a size of greater than 150 micron they are present at a concentration of at least 1% but preferably not exceeding 30% by volume and from 0.05 to 5.0% by weight of the total composition, of an organophilic, surface modified clay having a particle surface area of at least 100 m.sup.2 /g.The composition has viscosity characteristics which enable the composition to be readily pumped into moulds using low pressure equipment but which at the same time enables the large filler particles to be kept uniformly dispersed during the curing of a moulding.
摘要翻译： 一种流体，高度填充的可固化组合物，其包含可聚合形成固体聚合物而不形成消除产物的有机液体，其基于甲基丙烯酸甲酯，20至70体积％的细碎无机填料颗粒，至少1 其体积百分比为直径为至少30微米的颗粒形式，条件是当这些颗粒的最大粒度为150微米时，它们的浓度为20体积％至70体积％ 并且当存在尺寸大于150微米的颗粒时，它们以总组合物的至少1重量％但优选不超过30体积％和0.05-5.0重量％的亲有机质表面的浓度存在 具有至少100m 2 / g的颗粒表面积的改性粘土。 该组合物具有使得能够使用低压设备将组合物容易地泵送到模具中的粘度特性，但同时能够使大填料颗粒在模制品固化期间保持均匀分散。
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公开(公告)号：US5079206A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-07
申请号：US542938
申请日：1990-06-25
申请人： Denis G. H. Ballard , Anthony Pickering , Peter J. I. Runciman , Rowena J. Sellens , Nicholas J. Walton
发明人： Denis G. H. Ballard , Anthony Pickering , Peter J. I. Runciman , Rowena J. Sellens , Nicholas J. Walton
CPC分类号： C08F4/42
摘要： A catalyst for addition polymerization comprising:(a) an (initiator) first component of Formula (I):MX(Y.sub.n)Z.sub.p (I) whereinM is Si, Ge or Sn;n is O or an integer, and p is an integer such that (n+p)=3;X is a radical ##STR1## where Q and Q.sup.1 are each independently N, P or As;Q.sup.2 is O, S, NR or PR where R is C.sub.1-4 alkyl;R.sup.1 is H or optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; andR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently optionally substituted hydrocarbyl, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together are optionally substituted aliphatic hydrocarbadiyl;all such R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 being inert in the process conditions of the present invention;Y is A or OA where A is optionally substituted hydrocarbyl inert in the process conditions of the present invention, or trialkylsilylalkyl; andZ is independently any group as definedd for Y, or an organic polymer radical comprising further MXY.sub.n moieties; orp is 2 andZ.sub.2 is a group Z.sup.1 .sub.2 of the formula --OSiR.sup.5 R.sup.8 O-- where R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are each independently selected from any of the values defined for R.sup.1 or R.sup.2, orZ.sub.2 is a group Z.sup.2.sub.2 which is a moiety --ELE-- where E is a bond or O and L is a polymer diradical, or E is O and L is an inorganic solid on whose surface the two --O-- groups are located, which comprises --OMX(Y)O-- moieties; and(b) a co-catalyst second component.
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