公开(公告)号：US07408793B2

公开(公告)日：2008-08-05

申请号：US10545567

申请日：2003-02-11

申请人： Ionel D. Jitaru ,  George Casaru

发明人： Ionel D. Jitaru ,  George Casaru

IPC分类号： H02H7/125 ,  H02H7/122

CPC分类号： H02M1/34 ,  H02M3/155 ,  H02M2001/342 ,  H02M2001/344 ,  H03K17/04 ,  H03K17/0814 ,  H03K17/687 ,  H03K17/74 ,  Y02B70/1491

摘要： An improved snubber is electrically switched to close a current path to a capacitor (C) in a series connected RC circuit at the onset of an abrupt voltage change otherwise producing ringing in a resonant circuit to which the snubber circuit is connected. The current path to the capacitor (C) is then interrupted before the capacitor (C) discharges and thereafter at each such voltage change in the resonant circuit the capacitor (C) is no longer charged from its totally discharged state but nevertheless damps the ringing by virtue of current flow to the nearly completely charged capacitor (C). By preventing complete charging and discharging of the capacitor (C) in the RC circuit every cycle, power dissipation in the resistance of the snubber circuit is greatly reduced.

摘要翻译： 改进的缓冲器电开关以在突发电压变化开始时闭合串联RC电路中的电容器（C）的电流路径，否则在缓冲电路连接到谐振电路中产生振铃。 电容器（C）的电流路径然后在电容器（C）放电之前中断，此后在谐振电路中的每个这样的电压变化下，电容器（C）从其完全放电状态不再被充电，但是仍然通过 电流流过几乎完全充电的电容器（C）。 通过每个周期防止RC电路中的电容器（C）完全充放电，缓冲电路电阻的功耗大大降低。

公开(公告)号：US07009850B2

公开(公告)日：2006-03-07

申请号：US10511114

申请日：2003-04-11

申请人： Ionel D. Jitaru

发明人： Ionel D. Jitaru

IPC分类号： H02M3/335

CPC分类号： H02M3/33592 ,  H02M3/28 ,  H02M3/337 ,  H02M2001/0048 ,  Y02B70/1475 ,  Y02B70/1491

摘要： A converter topology that eliminates reverse recovery losses in its output rectifying semiconductor devices employs an AC injection voltage source in series with a power transformer primary winding. Input semiconductor switches in the converter's primary circuit are controlled to provide in the power transformer secondary a voltage across the winding or windings in a first direction forward biasing one of the output rectifying devices followed by a lower level reverse biasing voltage produced by the injection voltage. This lower level voltage across the secondary turns off the previously conducting rectifier device and drives carriers out of its semiconductor junction or junctions to eliminate reverse recovery losses occurring when the secondary applies a higher level reverse bias across the non-conducting rectifier device. The injection voltage source can be a transformer in addition to the power transformer having a primary winding in series with the primary winding of the power transformer and a secondary winding connected to ground through a capacitor. In addition to preventing reverse recovery losses in the rectifying devices in the secondary, the injection voltage transformer also injects an AC triangular waveform current into the current in the converter primary input circuit to the junction of the semiconductor switches where they are connected in a bridge circuit supplying the power transformer primary. By this, the injection voltage source assures zero voltage switching of the semiconductor switches even at light loads.

摘要翻译： 在其输出整流半导体器件中消除反向恢复损耗的A转换器拓扑采用与电力变压器初级绕组串联的AC注入电压源。 控制转换器初级电路中的输入半导体开关被控制以在电源变压器中在第一方向上向绕组或绕组提供一个电压，该第一方向正向偏置输出整流装置之一，然后是由注入电压产生的较低电平的反向偏置电压。 次级两端的这种较低电平的电压会关闭先前导电的整流器件，并将载流子驱出其半导体结或结，以消除二次在非导通整流器件上施加较高电平的反向偏置时产生的反向恢复损耗。 除了具有与电力变压器的初级绕组串联的初级绕组的电力变压器和通过电容器连接到地的次级绕组之外，注入电压源可以是变压器。 除了防止次级的整流装置中的反向恢复损耗之外，注入电压变压器还将AC三角波电流注入到转换器初级输入电路中的电流中，以连接到桥式电路中的半导体开关的结 提供电源变压器初级。 由此，即使在轻负载下，注入电压源确保半导体开关的零电压切换。

公开(公告)号：US07719137B2

公开(公告)日：2010-05-18

申请号：US10548393

申请日：2004-03-10

申请人： Ionel D. Jitaru ,  Bogdan T. Bucheru ,  Lucian Hriscu ,  Marco A. Davila, Jr.

发明人： Ionel D. Jitaru ,  Bogdan T. Bucheru ,  Lucian Hriscu ,  Marco A. Davila, Jr.

IPC分类号： H02J3/14

CPC分类号： H02M1/12 ,  H02J1/102 ,  Y10T307/406

摘要： A DC-DC switching converter device (101), in particular a quarter-brick or eighth-brick device having an industry standard pin out, comprises a pulse-width modulation circuit (132) for driving a power converting switch, a trim connector (109) for adjusting an output voltage of the device, where the device (101) is designed such that the pulse-width modulation circuit (132) is synchronizable to an external oscillator by an external synchronization signal applied to the trim connector. A DC-DC converting circuit comprises a plurality of DC-DC switching converters (101) featuring trim connectors (109) for adjusting output voltages of the converters (101), whereby the converters (101) are connected such that they share a common input bus. It further features a system EMI (electromagnetic interference) filter common to all the DC-DC switching converters (101) and an external oscillator delivering an external synchronization signal to the plurality of DC-DC switching converters (101). The external oscillator is designed such that a frequency of the external synchronization signal is higher than a free running frequency of each of the plurality of DC-DC switching converters (101). The external oscillator is connected to the trim connectors (109) of the DC-DC switching converters (101).

摘要翻译： 具有工业标准引脚输出的DC-DC开关转换器（101）特别是四分之一砖或八瓦器件包括用于驱动电源转换开关的脉宽调制电路（132），修整连接器 109），用于调整所述装置的输出电压，其中所述装置（101）被设计成使得所述脉宽调制电路（132）可通过施加到所述装饰连接器的外部同步信号与外部振荡器同步。 DC-DC转换电路包括多个DC-DC开关转换器（101），其具有用于调节转换器（101）的输出电压的调整连接器（109），由此转换器（101）连接成使得它们共享公共输入 总线。 它还具有所有DC-DC开关转换器（101）共同的系统EMI（电磁干扰）滤波器和向多个DC-DC开关转换器（101）提供外部同步信号的外部振荡器。 外部振荡器被设计成使得外部同步信号的频率高于多个DC-DC开关转换器（101）中的每一个的自由运行频率。 外部振荡器连接到DC-DC开关转换器（101）的调整连接器（109）。

公开(公告)号：US07558082B2

公开(公告)日：2009-07-07

申请号：US10509983

申请日：2003-03-28

申请人： Ionel D. Jitaru

发明人： Ionel D. Jitaru

IPC分类号： H02M3/335

CPC分类号： H02M3/33523 ,  H02M3/33592 ,  Y02B70/1475

摘要： The present invention is directed to a switch mode power converter for supplying an output power to a load, which includes a switching device having a switching input, a switching output, and a control input for enabling or disabling the switching device from conducting current from the switching input to the switching output. The converter also includes a network in which the switching device input, the switching device output, and the load are connected together to form a circuit. The converter also includes a bias winding in the circuit for producing a bias voltage representative of the output power, and a control circuit. The control circuit is for (a) determining the rate of change of the bias voltage, (b) characterizing the rate of change, and (c) controlling the control input as a result of the characterization (b).

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于向负载提供输出功率的开关模式功率转换器，该开关模式功率转换器包括具有开关输入，开关输出和控制输入的开关器件，用于使能或禁用开关器件从 切换输入到切换输出。 转换器还包括其中开关器件输入，开关器件输出和负载连接在一起以形成电路的网络。 转换器还包括用于产生表示输出功率的偏置电压的电路中的偏置绕组和控制电路。 控制电路用于（a）确定偏置电压的变化率，（b）表征变化率，以及（c）作为表征结果控制控制输入（b）。

公开(公告)号：US07764518B2

公开(公告)日：2010-07-27

申请号：US10511232

申请日：2003-04-11

申请人： Ionel D. Jitaru

发明人： Ionel D. Jitaru

IPC分类号： H02M3/335 ,  H02M7/04

CPC分类号： H02M1/38 ,  H02M1/32 ,  H02M3/33592 ,  H02M2001/0012 ,  H02M2001/0048 ,  Y02B70/1475 ,  Y02B70/1491

摘要： A DC-DC flyback converter that has a controlled synchronous rectifier in its secondary circuit, which is connected to the secondary winding of a main transformer. A main switch (typically a MOSFET) in the primary circuit of the converter is controlled by a first control signal that switches ON and OFF current to the primary winding of the main transformer. To prevent cross-conduction of the main switch and the synchronous rectifier, the synchronous rectifier is turned ON in dependence upon a signal derived from a secondary winding of the main transformer and is turned OFF in dependence up a signal derived from the first control signal. In one embodiment the first control signal is inverted and delivered to a logic circuit along with the voltage across the main transformer secondary winding and the voltage across the synchronous rectifier. In a further embodiment the first control signal is differentiated and supplied to a control primary winding wound on the outer flux paths of a main transformer core that has a center flux path on which is wound the main transformer primary and secondary windings. A control secondary winding is wound on the outer flux paths in current canceling relation as to flux conducted from the center flux path into the outer flux paths. The control signal for the synchronous rectifier is taken from the output of the control secondary winding in this latter embodiment.

摘要翻译： DC-DC反激式转换器，其二次回路中具有受控同步整流器，其连接到主变压器的次级绕组。 转换器初级电路中的主开关（通常为MOSFET）由对主变压器的初级绕组导通和截止电流的第一控制信号控制。 为了防止主开关和同步整流器的交叉导通，根据从主变压器的次级绕组导出的信号，同步整流器被接通，并且依赖于从第一控制信号导出的信号而断开。 在一个实施例中，第一控制信号与主变压器次级绕组两端的电压以及同步整流器两端的电压一起被反转并输送到逻辑电路。 在另一个实施例中，第一控制信号被微分并且提供给缠绕在主变压器铁芯的外部磁通路径上的控制初级绕组，该主变压器磁芯具有卷绕在主变压器初级和次级绕组上的中心磁通路径。 控制次级绕组以电流抵消关系将外磁通路缠绕在从中心磁通通路传导到外磁通路径中的磁通上。 在后一个实施例中，来自控制次级绕组的输出获得用于同步整流器的控制信号。

公开(公告)号：US07450402B2

公开(公告)日：2008-11-11

申请号：US10511117

申请日：2003-04-11

申请人： Ionel D. Jitaru

发明人： Ionel D. Jitaru

IPC分类号： H02M3/335

CPC分类号： H02M3/3385 ,  H02M3/33584

摘要： DC-DC converters such as flyback converters achieve self-regulation by communication information between primary and secondary circuits through the power transformer. Operating in accordance with a generalized concept or algorithm, the converter can be bi-directional and self-regulating. Control of the turn OFF times of semiconductor switches in first and second circuits coupled to first and second windings of the power transformer determines whether power flow is in one direction through the converter or the other direction. Turn ON timing of each semiconductor switch is when there is a reverse current through the switch and voltage across the switch is at or near zero. Turn OFF of a switch can be controlled from one or more operating parameters of the converter such as output voltage, in which case the converter's self-regulation is affected through duty cycle variation with variations in output voltage.

摘要翻译： 诸如反激式转换器的DC-DC转换器通过电力变压器通过主电路和次级电路之间的通信信息来实现自调节。 转换器可以根据广义概念或算法进行操作，可以是双向的和自调节的。 耦合到电力变压器的第一和第二绕组的第一和第二电路中的半导体开关的关断时间的控制确定功率流是通过转换器还是在另一个方向上在一个方向上。 每个半导体开关的导通定时是通过开关有反向电流时，开关两端的电压处于或接近零。 可以通过转换器的一个或多个工作参数（如输出电压）来控制开关的关闭，在这种情况下，转换器的自调节会随着输出电压变化的占空比变化而受到影响。

公开(公告)号：US07295094B2

公开(公告)日：2007-11-13

申请号：US10512128

申请日：2003-04-11

申请人： Ionel D. Jitaru ,  Marco A. Davila

发明人： Ionel D. Jitaru ,  Marco A. Davila

IPC分类号： H01F5/00

CPC分类号： H01F27/2804 ,  H01F27/24 ,  Y10T29/4902

摘要： A low profile magnetic element used in cooperation with a multilayer printed circuit board has two or more core arms penetrating the board from one outer surface to the other and a series of magnetic core elements, at least one on each side of the board, bridging pairs of the core arms to form a closed, unbranched flux path. Series-connected windings form a transformer primary and are wound on the core arms that penetrate the board. Parallel-connected windings form a transformer secondary and are also wound on the core arms. The series-connected windings and the parallel-connected windings may be buried windings printed on internal surfaces of the multilayer board. The connected in series primary windings all have the same number of turns and the parallel-connected secondary windings all have the same number of turns. The parallel secondary windings are connected in current additive fashion to afford a high current transformer output. Output treating circuitry can treat each output separately in parallel and identically, being connected between the winding outputs and their point of connection. The transformer core can be assembled entirely of C and I magnetic elements. In one embodiment, a pair of magnetic plates overlying the outer surfaces of the multilayer circuit board are in flux-conducting relation with all of the core arms penetrating the board.

摘要翻译： 与多层印刷电路板协作使用的低轮廓磁性元件具有从一个外表面到另一个外表面穿过该基板的两个或多个芯臂，以及一系列磁芯元件，该板的每一侧至少有一个桥接对 的芯臂以形成封闭的，无分支的通量路径。 串联绕组形成变压器初级，并缠绕在穿过电路板的芯臂上。 并联绕组形成变压器次级并且还缠绕在芯臂上。 串联绕组和并联绕组可以是埋在多层印刷板的内表面上的绕组。 串联连接的初级绕组全部具有相同的匝数，并联的次级绕组全部具有相同的匝数。 并联次级绕组以当前的添加方式连接以提供高电流互感器输出。 输出处理电路可以并联和相同地分别处理每个输出，连接在绕组输出和它们的连接点之间。 变压器铁芯可以完全由C和I磁性元件组装。 在一个实施例中，覆盖多层电路板的外表面的一对磁性板与所有芯臂穿透板具有磁通 - 导通关系。

公开(公告)号：US07012820B2

公开(公告)日：2006-03-14

申请号：US10499850

申请日：2002-12-20

申请人： Ionel D. Jitaru

发明人： Ionel D. Jitaru

IPC分类号： H02M3/335

CPC分类号： H02M1/34 ,  H02M3/33569 ,  H02M2001/342 ,  Y02B70/1491

摘要： A power device such as a forward converter employing a main switch in series with a power transformer coupling an input, primary circuit and an output, secondary circuit has its transformer reset from a reset capacitor that is switched. Switching of the reset capacitor is effected by a reset switch, preferably a MOSFET, the control electrode of which is driven from a reset winding on the power transformer. Current flow between the reset capacitor and the primary winding resets the transformer. The capacitor can be chosen such that flux density in the transformer core is substantially symmetrical about zero. Leakage and magnetizing conductance energy is recycled. Large spikes are not produced across the main switch.

摘要翻译： 诸如正向转换器的功率器件采用与耦合输入，初级电路和输出的电力变压器串联的主开关，其二次电路的变压器由切换的复位电容器复位。 复位电容器的切换由复位开关，优选MOSFET，其控制电极从电源变压器上的复位绕组驱动。 复位电容和初级绕组之间的电流将复位变压器。 可以选择电容器，使得变压器磁芯中的磁通密度基本上约为零对称。 泄漏和磁化电导能被回收利用。 主开关不产生大尖峰。