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公开(公告)号：US4810328A
公开(公告)日：1989-03-07
申请号：US117449
申请日：1987-11-04
IPC分类号： D21C9/02
CPC分类号： D21C9/02
摘要： An improved method of brown stock washing is disclosed. A nonionic surfactant in combination with a polyelectrolyte dispersant, and preferably a solvent, are utilized in the washing step in the pulping of virgin cellulosic fiber. The methods of the invention provide for the enhanced removal and recovery of cooking chemicals and organics from the pulp.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种改进的褐色洗涤方法。 在纯化纤维素纤维制浆的洗涤步骤中使用非离子表面活性剂与聚电解质分散剂，优选溶剂的组合。 本发明的方法提供从纸浆中增强烹饪化学品和有机物的去除和回收。
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2.发明授权Hydrophobic silica or silicate, compositions containing the same and methods for making and using the same 失效疏水性二氧化硅或硅酸盐，含有它们的组合物及其制备和使用方法
公开(公告)号：US4443357A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-17
申请号：US224149
申请日：1981-01-12
申请人： James E. Maloney , Thomas R. Oakes
发明人： James E. Maloney , Thomas R. Oakes
IPC分类号： B01D20060101 , B01D19/04 , C01B33/12 , D21C3/00 , D21C3/28 , D21C5/02 , D21C11/00 , D21D5/26 , D21F1/66 , D21H17/68 , C09C3/08
CPC分类号： B01D19/0409 , D21D5/26 , D21H17/68
摘要： Particulate silica or silicate made hydrophobic by heat treatment to form a reaction product with a hydrophobic alcohol, process for its preparation, and its use in defoaming compositions.
摘要翻译： 通过热处理使疏水性的二氧化硅或硅酸盐与疏水性醇形成反应产物，其制备方法及其在消泡组合物中的用途。
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公开(公告)号：US4518459A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-21
申请号：US458432
申请日：1983-01-17
IPC分类号： D21C5/02
CPC分类号： D21C5/027 , Y02W30/648 , Y10S516/02
摘要： Washing methods of deinking secondary cellulose fiber (i.e., removing unwanted non-cellulose materials therefrom) are disclosed. These washing methods (as opposed to flotation methods) generally involve deinking the fiber with surface active agent (surfactant).The present invention utilizes a single foam-suppressing surface active agent consisting essentially ofR--(Ar)--(OC.sub.2 H.sub.4)m--(OC.sub.3 H.sub.6)n--Y;wherein R represents a monovalent higher aliphatic group containing from 6 to 24 carbon atoms,Ar represents an aromatic residue,--(OC.sub.2 H.sub.4)m--being a poly(ethylene oxide) chain,--(OC.sub.3 H.sub.6)n--being a poly(propylene oxide) chain;m is about 6 to about 15,n is about 12 to about 48,m:n is less than 1, andY is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl and benzyl ether.The present washing method of deinking reduces or eliminates objectionable foam, potentially provides energy savings yet maintains or improves the quality of the deinked fiber.
摘要翻译： 公开了脱水次级纤维素纤维的洗涤方法（即从中除去不需要的非纤维素材料）。 这些洗涤方法（与浮选方法相反）通常包括使纤维与表面活性剂（表面活性剂）脱墨。 本发明采用基本上由R-（Ar） - （OC 2 H 4）m - （OC 3 H 6）n-Y组成的单一泡沫抑制表面活性剂; 其中R表示含有6至24个碳原子的单价高级脂族基团，Ar表示芳族残基， - （OC2H4）m-为聚（环氧乙烷）链， - （OC3H6）n-为聚（环氧丙烷） 链; m为约6至约15，n为约12至约48，m：n小于1，Y选自羟基和苄基醚。 目前的脱墨洗涤方法减少或消除令人反感的泡沫，潜在地提供能量节省，但维持或提高脱墨纤维的质量。
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4.发明授权Low-foaming, pH sensitive, alkylamine polyether surface active agents and methods for using 失效低发泡，pH敏感，烷基胺聚醚表面活性剂和使用方法
公开(公告)号：US4605773A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-12
申请号：US608775
申请日：1984-05-10
CPC分类号： B03D1/01 , B01F17/0042 , B03D1/0043 , C08G65/2624 , D21C5/022 , D21H17/53 , Y02W30/648
摘要： Alkylamine polyether surface active agent compositions and methods for using are described. The instant compositions are low foaming, and pH sensitive and are generally of the structure: ##STR1## in which (a) R.sub.1 may be hydrogen or alkyl;if R.sub.1 is hydrogen then R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 must be alkyl having a total number of carbon atoms falling in the range of 7 to 23;if R.sub.1 is alkyl, then R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 may be alkyl or hydrogen, the total number of carbon atoms in R.sub.1 +R.sub.2 +R.sub.3 +R.sub.4 falling in the range of 7 to 36 (preferably about 10 to 20);(b) The --(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.m --segment must be a poly(oxyethylene) homogeneous chain or "block" polymer (i.e., a homopolymer), m having an average value in the range of 1 to 15, preferably 5 to 13; and(c) Y is selected from the group consisting of:(1) homogeneous poly(oxypropylene) chain (PO) "block" polymer or residue (i.e., a homopolymer), of the structure--(C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.n H, having a value in the range of 1 to 50, preferably 6 to 30;(2) hydrophobic end cap (e.g., --CH.sub.2 --0); and(3) hydrophobic end capped polyoxypropylene residue.A particularly preferred class of surfactants of the instant invention constitutes 1,1,1-trialkylmethylamine ethyleneoxy(EO)-propyleneoxy(PO) polyethers having from 1 to 15 moles of ethyleneoxide residue and from 1 to 50 moles of propyleneoxide per mole of alkylmethylamine.The methods of the instant invention generally relate to the production of paper from secondary fiber. Unexpectedly, the compositions of the instant invention are found to be applicable in the common methods employed very pH sensitive, size-safe and to produce paper products from secondary fiber.
摘要翻译： 描述了烷基胺聚醚表面活性剂组合物和使用方法。 本发明的组合物是低发泡和pH敏感的并且通常具有以下结构：其中（a）R 1可以是氢或烷基; 如果R1是氢，则R2，R3和R4必须是总碳原子数落在7-23的范围内的烷基; 如果R 1是烷基，则R 2，R 3和R 4可以是烷基或氢，R 1 + R 2 + R 3 + R 4中的碳原子总数落在7至36（优选约10至20）范围内。 （b） - （C 2 H 4 O）m链段必须是聚（氧化乙烯）均质链或“嵌段”聚合物（即均聚物），m的平均值在1至15，优选5至13的范围内; 和（c）Y选自：（1）结构 - （C 3 H 6 O）n H的均匀聚（氧丙烯）链（PO）“嵌段”聚合物或残基（即均聚物），其值为 在1至50，优选6至30的范围内; （2）疏水性端帽（例如-CH2-0）; 和（3）疏水封端的聚氧丙烯残基。 本发明特别优选的一类表面活性剂构成了每摩尔烷基甲基胺具有1至15摩尔环氧乙烷残基和1至50摩尔环氧丙烷的1,1,1-三烷基甲胺亚乙氧基（EO） - 亚丙基氧基（PO）聚醚。 本发明的方法通常涉及从次级纤维生产纸张。 意外地发现，本发明的组合物被发现适用于非常pH敏感，尺寸安全并且从次级纤维生产纸产品的常用方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4599190A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-08
申请号：US630540
申请日：1984-07-13
申请人： James E. Maloney
发明人： James E. Maloney
CPC分类号： D21C5/027 , Y02W30/648
摘要： Improvements in washing methods of deinking secondary fiber wherein substituted oxyethylene glycol nonionic surfactants are employed in the aqueous deinking medium, the improvement being the addition to the deinking medium of water soluble, low molecular weight polyelectrolyte dispersants, preferably of the structure ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are independent and can be hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 lower alkyl, alkylcarboxy (e.g., --CH.sub.2 COOH) or mixtures thereof; R.sub.3 and R.sub.6 can be hydrogen, carboxy, alkylcarboxy, or mixtures thereof, and X can be carboxy (including salts or derivatives thereof, e.g., amide), acetyl, or hydrocarbon moieties commonly attached to free radical polymerizable monomers (e.g., --C.sub.6 H.sub.5 in styrene); a+b having a value in the range of 15 to about 1,000.Polymers comprising polyacrylates constitute a particularly preferred class of polyelectrolytes for use in the present improved method.
摘要翻译： 在脱墨介质中使用取代的氧乙二醇非离子表面活性剂的脱墨二次纤维的洗涤方法的改进，其改进是添加到水溶性低分子量聚电解质分散剂的脱墨介质中，优选结构式为：其中R1 ，R 2，R 4和R 5是独立的，可以是氢，C 1 -C 4低级烷基，烷基羧基（例如，-CH 2 COOH）或其混合物; R3和R6可以是氢，羧基，烷基羧基或其混合物，X可以是羧基（包括它们的盐或其衍生物，例如酰胺），乙酰基或通常连接到自由基可聚合单体上的烃部分（例如，-C 6 H 5在 苯乙烯）; a + b的值在15至约1,000的范围内。 包含聚丙烯酸酯的聚合物构成用于本发明改进方法中的特别优选的聚电解质。
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公开(公告)号：US4445971A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-01
申请号：US379582
申请日：1982-05-19
申请人： Susan C. Lappi , James E. Maloney
发明人： Susan C. Lappi , James E. Maloney
CPC分类号： C11D3/0026 , B01D19/0404 , C11D1/722 , D21H17/53
摘要： Methods of foam inhibition or depression in industrial milieu. The present methods generally involve the use of certain nonionic surfactants having the structure:R.sub.1 --(OC.sub.2 H.sub.4).sub.x --(OC.sub.3 H.sub.6).sub.y --OHwherein R.sub.1 is a monovalent organic hydrophobic moiety or hydrophobe, preferably selected from the group consisting of long chain or higher molecular weight primary or secondary alcohols, alkyphenols, or mixtures thereof; x is the value of the average number of moles or units of ethylene oxide per defoamer molecule and has a value in the range of 3 to 20, preferably 5 to 15; y is the average number of moles or units of propylene oxide per molecule of defoamer and has a value in the range of from 15 to 60, preferably 20 to 50.
摘要翻译： 泡沫抑制或抑制在工业环境中的方法。 本发明的方法通常包括使用具有以下结构的某些非离子表面活性剂：R1-（OC2H4）x-（OC3H6）y-OH，其中R1是一价有机疏水部分或疏水物，优选选自长链或更高级 分子量伯或仲醇，烷基酚或其混合物; x是每消泡剂分子的平均摩尔数或环氧乙烷单元的值，其值在3至20，优选5至15的范围内; y是每分子消泡剂的环氧丙烷的平均摩尔数或单位，其值在15至60，优选为20至50的范围内。
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7.发明授权Low-foaming, pH sensitive, alkylamine polyether surface active agents and methods for using 失效低发泡，pH敏感，烷基胺聚醚表面活性剂和使用方法
公开(公告)号：US4483741A
公开(公告)日：1984-11-20
申请号：US406885
申请日：1982-08-10
IPC分类号： C08G65/00 , B01F17/00 , B01F17/42 , B01F17/46 , B03D1/01 , C07C67/00 , C07C213/00 , C07C217/08 , C07C217/50 , C08G65/26 , C08G65/32 , D21C5/02 , D21H17/07 , D21H17/53
CPC分类号： B03D1/01 , B01F17/0042 , B03D1/0043 , C08G65/2624 , D21C5/022 , D21H17/53 , Y02W30/648
摘要： Alkylamine polyether surface active agent compositions and methods for using are described. The instant compositions are low foaming, and pH sensitive and are generally of the structure: ##STR1## in which (a) R.sub.1 may be hydrogen or alkyl;if R.sub.1 is hydrogen then R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 must be alkyl having a total number of carbon atoms falling in the range of 7 to 23;if R.sub.1 is alkyl, then R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 may be alkyl or hydrogen, the total number of carbon atoms in R.sub.1 +R.sub.2 +R.sub.3 +R.sub.4 falling in the range of 7 to 36 (preferably about 10 to 20);(b) The --(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.m -- segment must be a poly(oxyethylene) homogeneous chain or "block" polymer (i.e., a homopolymer), m having an average value in the range of 1 to 15, preferably 5 to 13; and(c) Y is selected from the group consisting of:(1) homogeneous poly(oxypropylene) chain (PO) "block" polymer or residue (i.e., a homopolymer), of the structure --(C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.n H, n having a value in the range of 1 to 50, preferably 6 to 30;(2) hydrophobic end cap (e.g., --CH.sub.2 --.phi.); and(3) hydrophobic end capped polyoxypropylene residue.A particularly preferred class of surfactants of the instant invention constitutes 1,1,1-trialkylmethylamine ethyleneoxy(EO)-propyleneoxy(PO) polyethers having from 1 to 15 moles of ethyleneoxide residue and from 1 to 50 moles of propyleneoxide per mole of alkylmethylamine.The methods of the instant invention generally relate to the production of paper from secondary fiber. Unexpectedly, the compositions of the instant invention are found to be applicable in the common methods employed very pH sensitive, size-safe and to produce paper products from secondary fiber.
摘要翻译： 描述了烷基胺聚醚表面活性剂组合物和使用方法。 本发明的组合物是低发泡和pH敏感的并且通常具有以下结构：其中（a）R 1可以是氢或烷基; 如果R1是氢，则R2，R3和R4必须是总碳原子数落在7-23的范围内的烷基; 如果R 1是烷基，则R 2，R 3和R 4可以是烷基或氢，R 1 + R 2 + R 3 + R 4中的碳原子总数落在7〜36（优选约10〜20）的范围内。 （b） - （C 2 H 4 O）m-链段必须是聚（氧乙烯）均匀链或“嵌段”聚合物（即均聚物），m的平均值在1至15，优选5至13的范围内; 和（c）Y选自：（1）均匀的聚（氧丙烯）链（PO）“嵌段”聚合物或残基（即均聚物），结构 - （C 3 H 6 O）n H，n具有 值在1至50，优选6至30的范围内; （2）疏水端帽（例如-CH 2 - phi）; 和（3）疏水封端的聚氧丙烯残基。 本发明特别优选的一类表面活性剂构成了每摩尔烷基甲基胺具有1至15摩尔环氧乙烷残基和1至50摩尔环氧丙烷的1,1,1-三烷基甲胺亚乙氧基（EO） - 亚丙基氧基（PO）聚醚。 本发明的方法通常涉及从次级纤维生产纸张。 意外地发现，本发明的组合物被发现适用于非常pH敏感，尺寸安全并且从次级纤维生产纸产品的常用方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4060433A
公开(公告)日：1977-11-29
申请号：US664165
申请日：1976-03-05
申请人： Gerald W. Chunat , James E. Maloney
发明人： Gerald W. Chunat , James E. Maloney
摘要： The disclosed foamable phosphatizing compositions comprise a phosphatizing agent combined with a high-foaming surfactant. When mixed with a gas such as air, the composition provides a relatively stable foam which adheres to overhead or inclined or vertical metal surfaces. When the foam has been in place on the metal surface for a certain minimum dwell time (and the coating weight has reached at least 10mg/ft.sup.2), the phosphatizing composition is rinsed off or is permitted to drain off. By procedures which involve reproducible laboratory tests, maximum and minimum dwell times or contact times can be determined even for use in the field under poorly controlled conditions. As a result, the control over the resulting phosphate coating weights is comparable to the control obtainable in immersion techniques or tunnel sprayer techniques. This high degree of control in a foam spraying technique makes possible an efficient, economical method for spray-phosphatizing bulky three-dimensional objects or inclined or overhead surfaces, regardless of whether or not reuse of the phosphatizing composition is a realistic possibility.
摘要翻译： 所公开的可发泡磷化组合物包含与高发泡表面活性剂组合的磷化剂。 当与诸如空气的气体混合时，组合物提供粘附到顶部或倾斜或垂直金属表面的相对稳定的泡沫。 当泡沫在金属表面上已经存在一定的最小停留时间（并且涂层重量已经达到至少10mg / ft 2）时，磷酸盐化组合物被冲洗或被排出。 通过涉及可再现的实验室测试的程序，即使在不受控制的条件下在现场使用，也可以确定最大和最小停留时间或接触时间。 因此，对所得磷酸盐涂层重量的控制与在浸渍技术或隧道喷雾器技术中可获得的控制相当。 泡沫喷涂技术中的这种高度的控制使得成为一种用于喷射磷酸化大体积三维物体或倾斜或顶部表面的有效且经济的方法成为可能，而不管磷酸盐组合物的再利用是否是现实的可能性。
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公开(公告)号：US4017335A
公开(公告)日：1977-04-12
申请号：US627082
申请日：1975-10-30
申请人： James E. Maloney
发明人： James E. Maloney
摘要： The disclosed organic ammonium phosphate salt concentrates can be diluted with water in the weight ratio of from 1:5 to 1:250 (concentrate:water) and used in bath, spray, or steam phosphatizing (sometimes called "phosphating"). These concentrates and the resulting diluted solution are reasonably pH-stable in the pH range of 3.0 to 5.5. Preferably, the concentrates contain a buffer, various surfactants, and, particularly for low temperature use (e.g. 20.degree.-55.degree. C.) an accelerator system. The concentrates are well suited to automatic dispensing of a phosphatizing spray or make-up solution (for a bath); they are efficient at low temperatures; and they have good storage stability.
摘要翻译： 所公开的有机磷酸铵盐浓缩物可用水以1:5至1:250（浓缩物：水）的重量比稀释并用于浴，喷雾或蒸汽磷酸化（有时称为“磷化”）。 这些浓缩物和所得的稀释溶液在3.0至5.5的pH范围内具有合理的pH稳定性。 优选地，浓缩物含有缓冲剂，各种表面活性剂，特别是用于低温使用（例如20-55℃）的加速剂体系。 浓缩物非常适合自动分配磷化喷雾剂或补充溶液（用于洗浴）; 它们在低温下是有效的; 它们具有良好的储存稳定性。
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