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公开(公告)号：US4270025A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-26
申请号：US28406
申请日：1979-04-09
CPC分类号： G10L21/00
摘要： A sampled speech compression and expansion system, for two-dimensional prssing of speech or other type of audio signal, comprises transmit/encode apparatus and receive/decode apparatus.The transmit/encode apparatus comprises a low-pass filter, adapted to receive an input signal, for passing through low-frequency analog signals. A converter is connected to the low-pass filter for converting the analog signal into a digital signal. A buffer memory, whose input is connected to the converting means, stores the digitized signals.A correlator, having inputs from the A/D converter and the buffer memory, correlates the digital signal received directly from the converter with a delayed signal from the buffer memory. An "interval-select" circuit, whose input is connected to the output of the correlator, uses the autocorrelation value as a basis for comparison with subsequent peaks in the correlation value which are greater than a specified fraction of the autocorrelation value. The interval-select circuit has an output which is connected to the buffer memory, the value of the fractional peaks and their timing being stored in the buffer memory.A transform circuit, whose input is connected to the buffer memory, performs an even discrete cosine transform (EDCT) of the stored signal. A first modulator, whose input is connected to the output of the EDCT means, differentially pulse code modulates (DPCM) its input signal. A second modulator, whose input is connected to the output of the interval select circuit, differentially pulse code modulates its input signal. A multiplexer, having an input connected to the output of the first and second modulating means, combines the two differentially pulse code modulated signals. A receiver/decoder has circuits which perform an inverse function to those of the transmitter/coder and are arranged in inverse order, from input to output, to those of the transmitter/coder.
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公开(公告)号：US4267580A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-12
申请号：US1516
申请日：1979-01-08
CPC分类号： G06G7/1907
摘要： A charge-coupled device (CCD) analog and digital correlator comprises identical modules, each of which is a simple analog CCD correlator with digital input and output. Circuits are included:(1) for injecting charges proportional to the voltage sequences s(n) and r(n), where s(n) refers to the input signal, and r(n) relates to a reference signal, against which the input signal is correlated;(2) for non-destructively sensing and tapping each sample s(n) and r(n);(3) for forming the summation s(n)+r(n);(4) and finally for squaring s(n), r(n), and [s(n)+r(n)] in simple, floating gate MOSFET amplifiers. The amplifiers operate in their saturation region, and have outputs proportional to s.sup.2 (n), r.sup.2 (n), and [s(n)+r(n)].sup.2, which are then fed into a differential amplifier to produce s(n)r(n).
摘要翻译： 电荷耦合器件（CCD）模拟和数字相关器包括相同的模块，每个模块是具有数字输入和输出的简单模拟CCD相关器。 电路包括：（1）用于注入与电压序列s（n）和r（n）成比例的电荷，其中s（n）表示输入信号，r（n）与参考信号有关， 输入信号相关; （2）用于对每个样本s（n）和r（n）进行非破坏性检测和抽样; （3）用于形成求和s（n）+ r（n）; （4），最后在简单的浮栅MOSFET放大器中平方s（n），r（n）和[s（n）+ r（n）]。 放大器在饱和区域工作，并且具有与s2（n），r2（n）和[s（n）+ r（n）] 2成比例的输出，然后将其馈送到差分放大器以产生s ）r（n）。
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公开(公告)号：US4099148A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-04
申请号：US793218
申请日：1977-05-02
CPC分类号： H03B5/326
摘要： A frequency synthesizer, for use with a means for generating two sequences of electrical pulses, one sequence having a delay with respect to the other, comprises a surface acoustic wave (SAW) device, adapted to receive one of the sequences of electrical pulses from the generating means. The SAW device comprises a substrate, on the surface of which is disposed a first set of interdigitated electrodes. The electrodes receive the electrical pulses and tranduce them to acoustic waves, which traverse the surface of the substrate. The lengths of the electrodes are configured as a function of m, where m is defined by the relation m = R.sup.n mod P, where P is a prime number, R is a primitive root of P, and 1.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.P-1. A second set of interdigitated electrodes, approximately N-1 in number, is also disposed on the surface of the substrate, the electrodes of the first and second sets being parallel. The second set of electrodes is so disposed as to receive the acoustic waves generated by the first set of electrodes, and transduce them back to electrical signals, which are conducted on a set of leads connected to the electrodes. Means, adapted to receive pulses from the electrical pulse generating means, selectively receives the electrical signals from the second set of electrodes. The receiving means has as an output a signal whose frequency is determined by the order in which the signals are received from the second set of electrodes.
摘要翻译： 一种与用于产生两个电脉冲序列的装置一起使用的频率合成器，具有相对于另一个的延迟的一个序列包括声表面波（SAW）装置，适用于接收来自所述电脉冲的电脉冲序列之一 生成手段。 SAW器件包括衬底，衬底的表面设置有第一组交叉电极。 电极接收电脉冲并将其转换成穿过衬底表面的声波。 电极的长度被配置为m的函数，其中m由关系m = Rn mod P定义，其中P是素数，R是P的原始根，并且1
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4.发明授权Power-efficient sonar system employing a waveform and processing method for improved range resolution at high doppler sensitivity 失效使用波形的功率高效声纳系统和用于在高多普勒灵敏度下提高范围分辨率的处理方法公开(公告)号：US06466515B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-15
申请号：US10014126
申请日：2001-10-26
IPC分类号： G01S1504
CPC分类号： G01S15/582 , G01S15/102 , G01S15/104 , G01S15/584
摘要： A sonar system that includes a new comb-like waveform constructed by modulating the tines of a comb spectrum according to a set of Hermite functions defining a Hermite Function Space (HFS), and a processing method that reduces the sidelobes of the ambiguity function associated with the normally-processed HFS comb waveform. Noise-limited performance remains high, because the waveform is designed to be power-efficient; range ambiguity is superior to the highly-rated sinusoidal frequency-modulation (SFM) waveform; and reverberation-limited performance is equal to or better than that offered by any other waveform designed for this purpose. The full Doppler sensitivity normally associated with pulsed CW can be realized by the application to HFS signals of the constrained, regularized deconvolution method of this invention. The deconvolutionally-processed Hermite-function comb waveform offers better reverberation-limited performance than does the triplet-pair comb waveform or any of its predecessors, while maintaining a noise-limited performance equal to the best of these.
摘要翻译： 包括通过根据定义Hermite功能空间（HFS）的Hermite函数的集合来调制梳状谱的尖峰构成的新的梳状波形的声纳系统，以及减少与...相关联的模糊函数的旁瓣的处理方法 经常处理的HFS梳状波形。 噪声限制性能仍然很高，因为波形被设计为功率高效; 范围模糊度优于高额定正弦频率调制（SFM）波形; 并且混响限制性能等于或优于为此目的设计的任何其他波形提供的性能。 通常与脉冲CW相关联的完全多普勒灵敏度可以通过应用于本发明的约束正则化去卷积方法的HFS信号来实现。 去卷积处理的赫米特函数梳状波形比三线态梳状波形或其任何前置器件具有更好的混响限制性能，同时保持噪声受限性能等于其中最好的性能。
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公开(公告)号：US4100498A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-11
申请号：US807863
申请日：1977-06-20
CPC分类号： H03B5/326 , H03B21/02 , H03B2200/0056 , H03B2200/0072
摘要： An automatic frequency-hop controller for a surface acoustic wave (SAW) shesizer is used with a means for generating two chirp signals, one having a delay with respect to the other. It comprises a SAW device, adapted to receive the chirp signals. The SAW device comprises a substrate and a pair of sets of interdigitated electrodes, disposed on the surface of the substrate, one set at each end, the electrodes receiving the electrical chirp signals or corresponding impulse signals. Another set of interdigitated electrodes, which are output electrodes, are also disposed on the surface of the substrate, the electrodes of all sets being parallel. The output set of electrodes are so disposed as to receive the acoustic waves generated by the pair of sets of electrodes, and transduce them back to electrical signals. For the case when quadrature summation is performed by offset acoustic delays on the substrate, the pair of sets of electrodes and the output set of electrodes are so disposed with respect to each other that the signal received from the top parts of the output set of electrodes has a phase shift of 90.degree., at a frequency f.sub.c, with respect to the phase shift of the signal received from the bottom parts of the output electrodes.The controller further comprises means connected to the output set of electrodes, which selectively controls/mixes the transmission of the electrical signals received from the output set of electrodes. The controlling/mixing means has the capability of transmitting signals from the output set in any sequence, the frequency of the output signal being determined by the particular signal path which is activated.Another embodiment of the invention includes the means for generating the two chirp signals.
摘要翻译： 用于表面声波（SAW）合成器的自动频率跳频控制器用于产生两个啁啾信号的装置，一个具有相对于另一个的延迟。 它包括一个适用于接收啁啾信号的SAW器件。 SAW器件包括衬底和一组交叉电极，设置在衬底的表面上，每一端设置一组，电极接收电线性调频脉冲信号或相应的脉冲信号。 作为输出电极的另一组交叉电极也设置在基板的表面上，所有组的电极是平行的。 电极的输出组被设置为接收由一组电极产生的声波，并将它们转换回电信号。 对于通过衬底上的偏移声学延迟执行正交求和的情况，电极组和电极组的输出组相对于彼此设置为从输出电极组的顶部接收的信号 相对于从输出电极的底部接收的信号的相移，以相对于频率fc为90°的相移。
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公开(公告)号：US4010360A
公开(公告)日：1977-03-01
申请号：US672107
申请日：1976-03-31
CPC分类号： G06G7/195
摘要： A carrier-compatible device for computing the discrete Fourier transform of an input signal, using the chirp-Z transform (CZT) algorithm, comprising means for connecting to a real and imaginary part of an input signal g.sub.k. A pulse generator generates a sequence of very short pulses. A surface acoustic wave (SAW) chirp generator, whose input is connected to the output of the pulse generator, generates cosine chirp signals and sine chirp signals. Four input mixers have as their two inputs a real or imaginary part of the signal g.sub.k and a sine or cosine chirp signal from the SAW chirp generator. First and second summers have as their two inputs the outputs from two of the input mixers. A SAW chirp filter, whose two inputs are the outputs of the summers, filters out the higher components from the input signal and passes the lower components. Third and fourth summers are connected to the SAW chirp filter, whose two inputs are components from the SAW chirp filter. First and second delay lines, whose inputs are connected to the output of the sine or cosine SAW chirp generator, delay their input signals an amount of time such that their output signals are coincident in time with the output signals from the summers. Four output mixers have as their inputs the output from the first or second delay lines and the output of the third or fourth summer. Fifth and sixth summers have as their two inputs the positive or negative components from two of the four output mixers. First and second low-pass filters have as their input the output of the fifth or sixth summer, and their output comprising the real or imaginary part of a complex number G.sub.k at zero frequency.
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公开(公告)号：US4164023A
公开(公告)日：1979-08-07
申请号：US835765
申请日：1977-09-22
CPC分类号： G06G7/19 , G06G7/1907 , G11C27/024
摘要： A permutation memory comprises an input control means for decoding, having plurality L of inputs for an L-bit binary number, and a plurality 2.sup.L of outputs. Means are connected to the decoding means, for initiating the read-in of the L-bit number. Means are provided for applying an input signal. A first plurality of 2.sup.L of normally open switching means are connected to the 2.sup.L outputs of the decoding means and to the signal applying means. A plurality of 2.sup.L of means are connected to the switching means, for storing a charge when a specific switching means, connected to a corresponding charge storing means, is in a closed condition. A second plurality 2.sup.L of switching means are connected to the first plurality of switching means and to the charge storing means. An output control means, connected to the second plurality of switching means, reads out the states of the 2.sup.L charge-storing means, as to the amount of charge in each. Means are connected to the read-out means, for initiating the read-out.
摘要翻译： 置换存储器包括用于解码的输入控制装置，具有用于L位二进制数的多个L个输入和多个2L的输出。 装置连接到解码装置，用于启动L位数的读入。 提供了用于施加输入信号的装置。 第一组多个2L常开开关装置连接到解码装置的2L输出端和信号施加装置。 多个2L的装置连接到开关装置，用于当连接到相应的电荷存储装置的特定开关装置处于关闭状态时存储电荷。 第二多个2L的开关装置连接到第一多个开关装置和电荷存储装置。 输出控制装置，连接到第二多个开关装置，读取2L电荷存储装置的状态，关于每个开关装置的充电量。 装置连接到读出装置，用于启动读出。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4001773A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-04
申请号：US599836
申请日：1975-07-28
摘要： An acoustic communication method and system are disclosed for transmitting information through a well-bore drill string by using the acoustic noise inherently generated in the drill string by drilling operations as a "carrier" propagated therealong to be modulated by the information to be transmitted. In the drilling of wells, the action of the drill tool on the bottom of the bore hole creates acoustic noise within the drill string. Other suitable sources of "noise" are often present during "drilling operations", as broadly defined, even while bore drilling, as such, is suspended. This noise usually consists both of wide-band continuous acoustic energy and of narrow spectral lines of acoustic energy and is usually present in a variety of acoustic modes such as longitudinal and torsional acoustic waves. The detailed characteristic of this acoustic noise depends on the type of drill tool used, the drilling speed and the type of formation being drilled.When this inherently generated noise is modulated by an information containing signal at a signal-transmitting station, acoustic communication of information is possible while drilling is in progress, or, in some cases, while drilling as such is suspended. The communication occurs between the transmitting station and a signal-receiving station spaced along the drill string, using the intervening length of drill string between the signal-transmitting and signal-receiving stations as an acoustic transmission channel.
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9.发明申请Electrolysis reactor system that incorporates thermal and galvanic controls to provide improved hydrogen production, storage, and controlled release in suitable conductive interstitial or metallic hydride materials 审中-公开电解反应器系统，其包含热和电偶控制，以在合适的导电间隙或金属氢化物材料中提供改进的氢气生产，储存和控制释放公开(公告)号：US20160244889A1
公开(公告)日：2016-08-25
申请号：US14630286
申请日：2015-02-24
摘要： This application relates to the production, storage, and controlled release of hydrogen for use in the hydrogen economy. More specifically, it relates to a novel electrolysis system design that utilizes electrolysis of ionized vapors and gasses to produce and store hydrogen in a hydrogen host material and the capability to reverse the electrolysis potential to provide safe, controlled hydrogen release.
摘要翻译： 本申请涉及用于氢经济性的氢的生产，储存和控制释放。 更具体地说，它涉及一种利用电离蒸气和气体的电解在氢主体材料中产生和储存氢气并具有逆转电解电位以提供安全控制氢释放的能力的新型电解系统设计。
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公开(公告)号：US4334277A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-08
申请号：US968603
申请日：1978-12-11
CPC分类号： G06J1/005
摘要： An apparatus multiplies two sequences of digital numbers a.sub.i and b.su, which may represent signal pulses of various amplitudes. A first plurality of t read-only memories (ROMs), have a common input adapted to receive the sequence of numbers a.sub.i, each ROM coding the numbers a.sub.i into a.sub.j,i =a.sub.j modulo m.sub.i, 0.ltoreq.a.sub.j,i .ltoreq.m.sub.i -1. A first plurality of t means, extend the digital signal with zero values, the number of zeroes being determined by the length N of the sequences being convolved. A first plurality of t D/A converters, convert the digital quantity received from the extender into its corresponding analog value.Similar ROMs, extending means, and D/A converters process the sequence numbers b.sub.i.A plurality of t means convolve two input analog signals, one from each of the first and second D/A converters, the output of each convolving means being an analog signal, approximately equal to the convolution (a.sub.j,i) * (b.sub.j,i) modulo m.sub.i. A plurality of t A/D converters, convert the analog signal back to digital form. A plurality of t means multiply by an integer u.sub.i. The integer u.sub.i is defined by the relationship u.sub.i =1 mod m; for j=i and u.sub.j =0 and m.sub.j for j.noteq.i, where the m.sub.i represent integers and the u.sub.i represent integers pairwise relatively prime. Means are provided for summing the outputs of the multiplying means. Further means reduce the output of the summing means to a value between 0.ltoreq.m(=m.sub.i, m.sub.2, . . . , m.sub.t) -1 congruent to the output of the summing means modulo.
摘要翻译： 一个装置将数字数字ai和bi的两个序列相乘，这可以表示各种振幅的信号脉冲。 第一多个t只读存储器（ROM）具有适于接收数字序列ai的公共输入，每个ROM将数字ai编码为aj，i = aj modulo mi，0
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