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公开(公告)号：US4520336A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-28
申请号：US557130
申请日：1983-12-01
CPC分类号： H01H71/145 , H01H71/7427
摘要： A thermally responsive shape memory effect (SME) element (4) is positioned adjacent a fixed heater (40) for moving away from the heater to a switch actuating "memory" position as current induced temperature increases, thereby establishing changes in heat transfer coefficient between the heater (40) and thermally responsive element (4) for each increment of movement. An intermediate switch actuating lever (22) is carried on a movable range adjustment lever (16) to vary pretravel of an SME driven plunger (12). The SME element is resettable against a fixed stop (2c) for achieving accurate repetitive resetting of the device.
摘要翻译： 热响应形状记忆效应（SME）元件（4）邻近固定加热器（40）定位，用于随着电流感应温度升高而远离加热器移动到开关致动“存储器”位置，从而建立 加热器（40）和热响应元件（4），用于每次运动增量。 中间开关致动杆（22）承载在可移动范围调节杆（16）上以改变SME驱动的柱塞（12）的预行程。 SME元件可针对固定挡块（2c）进行复位，以实现设备的精确重复重置。
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2.发明授权Thermally actuated variable-rating circuit breaker having adjustable heat sink means 失效具有可调散热装置的耐热可变额定断路器
公开(公告)号：US4570144A
公开(公告)日：1986-02-11
申请号：US648203
申请日：1984-09-07
CPC分类号： H01H71/164 , H01H71/74
摘要： A heater strip (12) is disposed in spaced relation to a temperature responsive actuator element (20) for indirectly heating that element in response to current flow in the heater (12). An adjustable heat sink (22) is disposed in spaced proximity to the actuator element (20) for removing heat from the actuator element by radiation therefrom through air to the heat sink in a first position and adjustable to be in thermally conductive engagement with the actuator in a second position for increasing the efficiency of heat transfer from the actuator to the heat sink. Increased current flow in the protected branch circuit is required to cause the actuator (20) to attain its predetermined actuation temperature as the heat sink is adjusted to increase the efficiency of heat transfer between the actuator (20) and the heat sink.
摘要翻译： 加热器条（12）以与温度响应致动器元件（20）隔开的关系设置，用于响应于加热器（12）中的电流间接加热该元件。 可调节的散热器（22）设置成与致动器元件（20）隔开的距离，用于通过从第一位置的空气到散热器的辐射来从致动器元件移除热量，并且可调节的散热器可调节以与致动器导热接合 在第二位置，用于提高从致动器到散热器的热传递的效率。 在调节散热器以提高致动器（20）和散热器之间的热传递效率时，需要在受保护的分支电路中增加电流以使致动器（20）达到其预定的致动温度。
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3.发明授权Thermally actuated variable-rating circuit breaker having selectively connectable heater elements 失效具有选择性连接的加热器元件的热致动可变额定断路器
公开(公告)号：US4570143A
公开(公告)日：1986-02-11
申请号：US648204
申请日：1984-09-07
CPC分类号： H01H71/164 , H01H71/7409
摘要： A pair of heaters (16,18) are mounted within a breaker housing (2) in spaced relation to a temperature responsive actuator element (30) for indirectly heating that element in response to current flow in the heaters. Each heater is provided with a wiring terminal member (6,8) for selectively individually connecting one or the other heater in circuit with a branch circuit to be protected. One heater (16) is selected to generate greater amounts of heat than the other heater (18) when subjected to the same current levels. The heaters are individually selectively connected in the branch circuit to be protected whereby the heater (16) producing greater amounts of heat may be utilized in a lower ampere rate application and the heater (18) producing lesser amounts of heat may be utilized in a higher ampere rated application, thereby to selectively permit predetermined current flows in the branch circuit for heating the actuator element (30) to its predetermined temperture to effect separation of the circuit breakers contacts (26).
摘要翻译： 一对加热器（16,18）以与温度响应致动器元件（30）隔开的关系安装在断路器壳体（2）内，用于响应于加热器中的电流间接加热该元件。 每个加热器设置有用于选择性地将电路中的一个或另一个加热器与要保护的分支电路单独连接的接线端子构件（6,8）。 当经受相同的电流水平时，选择一个加热器（16）以产生比另一个加热器（18）更大的热量。 加热器分别选择性地连接在要保护的分支回路中，从而在较低的安培率应用中可以使用产生更大量热量的加热器（16），并且可以在更高的温度下使用产生较少量的热量的加热器（18） 从而选择性地允许分支电路中的预定电流流动，以将致动器元件（30）加热到其预定温度，以实现断路器触点（26）的分离。
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公开(公告)号：US07307429B1
公开(公告)日：2007-12-11
申请号：US11489036
申请日：2006-07-19
CPC分类号： G01R31/3277
摘要： A test apparatus tests an arc fault circuit breaker with an arc fault generator having an input and an output. The test apparatus includes a first electrical connector electrically connected to the load side of an arc fault circuit interrupter. A second electrical connector is electrically connected to the input of the arc fault generator. A third electrical connector is electrically connected to the output of the arc fault generator. A plurality of fourth electrical connectors are electrically connected to one or more of a plurality of masking loads. A fifth electrical connector is electrically connected to another load. A two pole, plural position rotary selector switch provides a plurality of different configurations of at least the arc fault generator and the one or more masking loads downstream of the load side of the arc fault circuit breaker.
摘要翻译： 测试装置用具有输入和输出的电弧故障发生器来测试电弧故障断路器。 测试装置包括电连接到电弧故障断路器的负载侧的第一电连接器。 第二电连接器电连接到电弧故障发生器的输入端。 第三电连接器电连接到电弧故障发生器的输出端。 多个第四电连接器电连接到多个屏蔽负载中的一个或多个。 第五电连接器电连接到另一负载。 两极多位置旋转选择开关提供至少电弧故障发生器和电弧故障断路器的负载侧下游的一个或多个屏蔽负载的多种不同配置。
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公开(公告)号：US5668693A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-16
申请号：US670085
申请日：1996-06-25
CPC分类号： H01H47/002 , H01F2007/185 , H01H47/325
摘要： A varying voltage is applied across a coil of a contactor. The varying voltage has a characteristic (frequency) which varies as a function of the position of the armature. The varying voltage is transmitted to a coupler which transmits information to a controller. The coupler may include one or more light sources (LEDs) which are sequentially energized and de-energized to sequentially render a phototransistor conducting and nonconducting. The frequency of the output from the coupler corresponds to the frequency at which the phototransistor is changed between the conducting and nonconducting conditions. A controller determines whether the frequency of the output from the coupler corresponds to the intended position of the armature of the contactor or to an unintended position by comparing the frequency of the output from the coupler to known frequencies for various positions of the armature.
摘要翻译： 在接触器的线圈上施加变化的电压。 变化的电压具有作为电枢位置的函数而变化的特性（频率）。 变化的电压被发送到向控制器发送信息的耦合器。 耦合器可以包括一个或多个光源（LED），其被依次通电和断电以顺序地使光电晶体管导通和不导电。 耦合器的输出频率对应于光电晶体管在导通条件和非导通条件之间变化的频率。 控制器通过将电枢的各个位置的耦合器的输出频率与已知频率进行比较来确定来自耦合器的输出的频率是否对应于接触器的电枢的预期位置或非预期位置。
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公开(公告)号：US5578979A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-26
申请号：US1388
申请日：1993-01-06
申请人： David M. Adams , Jerome K. Hastings
发明人： David M. Adams , Jerome K. Hastings
CPC分类号： H01H50/46 , H01F7/1205
摘要： An improved electromagnetic apparatus includes a core and an armature which is movable relative to the core. A shading ring is connected with the core to provide magnetic flux which is out of phase with magnetic flux from the core. The shading ring includes a base formed a first metal and a layer of a second metal clad to the base. The first metal forming the base work hardens and has a greater resistance to fatigue failure induced by vibration than the second metal of the layer which is clad to the base. However, the second metal forming the clad layer has a greater electrical conductivity than the first metal of the base. The base may be formed of aluminum and the layer of metal clad to the base may be formed of copper. The layer of copper may be clad to the base by an extrusion process.
摘要翻译： 改进的电磁装置包括可相对于芯移动的芯和电枢。 阴影环与芯连接以提供与来自芯的磁通异相的磁通。 遮光环包括形成第一金属的基底和覆盖到基底的第二金属层。 形成基体工件的第一金属硬化，并且比包覆到基底的层的第二金属具有比由振动引起的疲劳破坏更大的阻力。 然而，形成覆层的第二金属具有比基底的第一金属更大的导电性。 基底可以由铝形成，并且包覆到基底的金属层可以由铜形成。 铜层可以通过挤出工艺包覆到基体中。
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公开(公告)号：US5510951A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-23
申请号：US283464
申请日：1994-08-01
CPC分类号： H01H47/325
摘要： A contactor has an armature, a pull-in coil and a holding coil. When the system is energized through a first switch such as a thermostat, the low current holding coil is energized in preparation for holding the armature pulled in after the pull-in coil is energized and the armature has finished its power stroke. A solid-state switching device and the pull-in coil are connected in series between both terminals of a power source. A control circuit causes the solid-state switching device to be conductive the instant power is supplied to the circuit through the first switch. One embodiment of the control circuit is based on logic gates. RC circuits associated with the gates keep the solid-state switching device and pull-in coil conducting long enough for the armature to pull-in. After the solid-state switching device turns on, the transistor is controlled to turn off, deenergizing the pull-in coil while the holding coil holds the armature in until the first switch opens and power input is discontinued. Another embodiment, based on a programmable timer, delivers current pulses to the pull-in coil at uniform periodicity until the armature is pulled in. After the armature is pulled in, pulse signals are shunted from the solid-state switching device so it turns off, and current pulses through the pull-in coil are discontinued, while the holding coil holds the armature in pulled-in condition until the first switch is opened.
摘要翻译： 接触器具有电枢，拉入线圈和保持线圈。 当系统通过诸如恒温器的第一开关通电时，为了保持拉入线圈中的电枢并且电枢已经完成其动力冲程，准备保持低电流保持线圈。 固态开关器件和引入线圈串联连接在电源的两个端子之间。 控制电路使得固态开关器件导通，该瞬间功率通过第一开关提供给电路。 控制电路的一个实施例基于逻辑门。 与栅极相关的RC电路保持固态开关器件和引入线圈导通足够长以使衔铁拉入。 在固态开关器件导通之后，晶体管被控制为截止，当保持线圈保持衔铁直到第一开关断开并且电力输入被停止时，导通线圈断电。 基于可编程定时器的另一个实施例以均匀的周期性将电流脉冲传送到引入线圈，直到电枢被拉入。在电枢被拉入之后，脉冲信号从固态开关器件分流，从而关断 并且通过引入线圈的电流脉冲停止，而保持线圈将电枢保持在拉入状态，直到第一开关断开。
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公开(公告)号：US4521757A
公开(公告)日：1985-06-04
申请号：US406615
申请日：1982-08-09
CPC分类号： H01H51/12
摘要： A high speed electromagnetically actuated electromechanical switch is provided by a bistable electric snap blade operated by an electromagnetic actuator. A magnetically permeable yoke directs the flux paths of a pair of coaxial coils. An armature plunger shuttles axially reciprocally in the coils between first and second positions. The snap blade has a pair of cantilever arms extending towards each other to engage the armature plunger in the gap therebetween for lateral flexing actuation. Energization of a given coil provides a primary flux path around that coil through the yoke and the armature plunger, and provides a secondary flux path around both coils through the yoke and the armature plunger. The primary flux path force around either coil is always stronger than the secondary path.
摘要翻译： 高速电磁致动机电开关由电磁执行器操作的双稳态电动快速叶片提供。 磁导磁轭引导一对同轴线圈的磁通路径。 电枢柱塞在第一和第二位置之间的线圈中轴向往复运动。 卡扣叶片具有一对彼此延伸的悬臂，以在其间的间隙中与衔铁柱塞接合以进行横向弯曲致动。 给定线圈的通电提供绕线圈和电枢柱塞围绕该线圈的主要磁通路径，并且通过轭和电枢柱塞提供围绕两个线圈的次级磁通路径。 绕线圈周围的主要通路力总是比次级路径强。
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公开(公告)号：US4486728A
公开(公告)日：1984-12-04
申请号：US406614
申请日：1982-08-09
CPC分类号： H01F7/1607 , H01F2007/085 , H01F2007/1692
摘要： An electromagnetic actuator is provided by an armature plunger which reciprocally shuttles between magnetic paths having common overlapping portions through the plunger. A magnetically permeable yoke directs the flux paths of a pair of coaxial coils. When either coil is energized, a first flux path is created around that coil through the plunger and a second flux path is created around both coils through the plunger. The first path pulls the plunger to close an axial magnetic air gap. The second path holds the plunger in place. The ratio of the permeances of the two paths is controlled such that one path always overpowers the other, to insure plunger movement in either direction.
摘要翻译： 电磁致动器由电枢柱塞提供，电枢柱塞在通过柱塞的共同重叠部分的磁路之间往复运动。 磁导磁轭引导一对同轴线圈的磁通路径。 当两个线圈通电时，通过柱塞围绕该线圈产生第一磁通路径，并且通过柱塞围绕两个线圈产生第二磁通路径。 第一路径拉动柱塞以闭合轴向磁气隙。 第二路径将柱塞保持在适当位置。 控制两个路径的磁导率的比例使得一个路径总是超过另一个路径，以确保柱塞在任一方向上移动。
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公开(公告)号：US4052788A
公开(公告)日：1977-10-11
申请号：US702760
申请日：1976-07-06
申请人： Jerome K. Hastings , Earl T. Piber
发明人： Jerome K. Hastings , Earl T. Piber
CPC分类号： B25B27/14 , H02B3/00 , H05K13/0491 , Y10T279/17307 , Y10T279/3481 , Y10T29/53283 , Y10T29/53943
摘要： A tool for removing a snap-in bushing type toggle switch or the like from a hole in a mounting panel. The tool is molded of plastic material and is provided with a spring-biased self-opening slidable chuck snap-in assembled within a compressor tube and is adapted to squeeze the snap-in collar or skirt of the snap-in bushing so that it becomes released from the mounting panel. The outer compressor tube having a mushroom handle at one end is adapted to slide forwardly over the chuck to compress or squeeze it and the snap-in collar therewithin. A spring-biased ejector pin slidable within the chuck is depressed by the toggle lever of the switch and is loaded by its spring compressed by the compressor tube and serves to snap the switch from the panel hole upon release of the snap-in collar.A first version has an integrally-molded resilient lug on the chuck that snaps out into an elongated slot in the compressor tube wall to snap-in assemble the chuck within the compressor tube for limited sliding movement. A second version has an integrally-molded hook on the chuck that slides along a groove in the compressor tube to engage a catch to snap-in assemble the chuck within the compressor tube for limited sliding movement.
摘要翻译： 一种用于从安装面板上的孔中移除卡入式衬套式拨动开关等的工具。 该工具由塑料材料模制而成，并且设置有弹簧偏压的自开式可滑动卡盘卡扣组装在压缩机管内，并且适于挤压卡入式衬套的卡入式套环或裙部，使其变为 从安装面板释放。 在一端具有蘑菇手柄的外部压缩机管适于在卡盘上向前滑动以将其压缩或挤压，并且其中的卡入式颈圈。 在卡盘内可滑动的弹簧偏压的顶针可以由开关的肘节杆压下，并由其被压缩机管压缩的弹簧加载，并用于在卡扣套环释放时将开关从面板孔卡扣。
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