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    Current-limiting resistor having PTC behavior
    1.
    发明授权
    Current-limiting resistor having PTC behavior 失效
    限流电阻具有PTC行为

    公开(公告)号：US5861795A

    公开(公告)日：1999-01-19

    申请号：US807171

    申请日：1997-02-27

    申请人： Joachim Glatz-Reichenbach ,  Felix Greuter ,  Gerhard Mauthe ,  Zdenek Pelanek ,  Claus Schuler ,  Jorgen Skindhoj ,  Ralf Strumpler

    发明人： Joachim Glatz-Reichenbach ,  Felix Greuter ,  Gerhard Mauthe ,  Zdenek Pelanek ,  Claus Schuler ,  Jorgen Skindhoj ,  Ralf Strumpler

    IPC分类号： H01C1/14 ,  H01C7/02 ,  H01C7/12 ,  H01C7/13 ,  H01C13/02 ,  H01C7/10

    CPC分类号： H01C7/13 ,  H01C1/1406 ,  H01C13/02 ,  H01C7/027 ,  H01C7/12

    摘要： The current-limiting resistor has two connection electrodes (1, 2) which are arranged parallel to one another as well as a resistance body (3) which has PTC behavior and with which large-area contact is made by the connection electrodes (1, 2). A varistor (40) is in electrically conductive contact with the resistance body (3). The resistance body (3) contains two contact areas (50, 51) as well as a response point (60) which is connected in parallel with the varistor (40) via the two contact areas (50, 51) and implements a PTC transition above a threshold value of a current flowing through the resistor.Since the resistance body effects the electrical contact with the varistor (40) in the case of this resistor, no metal connection electrodes are required for the varistor. At the same time, due to the outward displacement of the response point (60) away from the varistor (40), the operational reliability of the resistor is considerably improved.Effective current limiting in load circuits which are operated at high voltage can be achieved by a series circuit formed by a plurality of varistors (40, 41, . . . ) provided in a resistance body (3) which is designed in the form of a meander or is of some other continuous design.

    摘要翻译： 限流电阻器具有彼此平行布置的两个连接电极（1,2）以及具有PTC特性的电阻体（3），并且由连接电极（1）形成大面积接触， 2）。 变阻器（40）与电阻体（3）导电接触。 电阻体（3）包含两个接触区域（50,51）以及通过两个接触区域（50,51）与压敏电阻器（40）并联连接的响应点（60），并实现PTC过渡 高于流经电阻器的电流的阈值。 由于电阻体在这种电阻的情况下会影响与变阻器（40）的电接触，所以不可避免地使用金属连接电极。 同时，由于响应点（60）远离压敏电阻（40）的向外位移，电阻器的操作可靠性大大提高。 在高电压下工作的负载电路中的有效电流限制可以由设置在电阻体（3）中的多个变阻器（40,41 ...）形成的串联电路来实现，该电阻体设计成 曲折或是其他连续设计。

    Resistor element
    2.
    发明授权
    Resistor element 有权
    电阻元件

    公开(公告)号：US06157290A

    公开(公告)日：2000-12-05

    申请号：US226170

    申请日：1999-01-07

    申请人： Joachim Glatz-Reichenbach ,  Ralf Strumpler ,  Jorgen Skindhoj ,  Felix Greuter

    发明人： Joachim Glatz-Reichenbach ,  Ralf Strumpler ,  Jorgen Skindhoj ,  Felix Greuter

    IPC分类号： H01C7/02 ,  H01C7/112 ,  H01C7/10

    CPC分类号： H01C7/027 ,  H01C7/112

    摘要： The resistor body of a nonlinear resistor element having PTC characteristics includes a pulverulent first filler, whose material, e.g. TiB.sub.2, TiC, VC, WC, ZrBr.sub.2, MoSi.sub.2, has a specific conductivity of at most 10.sup.-3 .OMEGA.cm and in which the particle sizes are between 10 and 40.mu., and also, in order to improve the voltage sustaining capability by extending the switching zone and to achieve uniform energy absorption, includes a likewise pulverulent second filler having varistor characteristics and particle sizes between 50 and 200.mu., whose specific resistance at field strengths .gtoreq.2000 V/cm such as occur in the switching region of the resistor element and above, is at most 50 .OMEGA.cm, preferably at most 15 .OMEGA.cm, the fillers being embedded in a matrix made of a thermoplastic, in particular HD polyethylene or a thermoset. The average particle size of the second filler should exceed that of the first filler by a factor of from 2 to 5. A potentially particularly suitable material for the second filler is SiC doped with Al, B, Ga, In, N, P, As, as is similarly doped ZnO.

    摘要翻译： 具有PTC特性的非线性电阻元件的电阻体包括粉状的第一填料， TiB2，TiC，VC，WC，ZrBr2，MoSi2具有至多10-3欧姆·厘米的比电导率，其中粒径在10〜40微米之间，并且为了通过延伸来提高电压维持能力 切换区域并实现均匀的能量吸收，包括具有压敏电阻特性和50至200μm之间的粒径的类似粉末状的第二填料，其电场强度> / = 2000V / cm 2时的比电阻，例如在 电阻元件及其以上，最多为50欧米加，优选至多15欧姆厘米，填料嵌入由热塑性塑料，特别是HD聚乙烯或热固性材料制成的基质中。 第二填料的平均粒度应超过第一填料的平均粒径2至5倍。用于第二填料的潜在特别合适的材料是掺杂有Al，B，Ga，In，N，P，As ，如同样掺杂的ZnO。

    Electrical component with a constriction in a PTC polymer element
    3.
    发明授权
    Electrical component with a constriction in a PTC polymer element 失效
    在PTC聚合物元件中具有收缩的电子部件

    公开(公告)号：US06259349B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-07-10

    申请号：US09360644

    申请日：1999-07-26

    申请人： Ralf Strümpler ,  Joachim Glatz-Reichenbach ,  Erkki Rajala ,  Jorgen Skindhoj

    发明人： Ralf Strümpler ,  Joachim Glatz-Reichenbach ,  Erkki Rajala ,  Jorgen Skindhoj

    IPC分类号： H01K710

    CPC分类号： H01C7/028

    摘要： A description is given of a PTC polymer element (1) as part of an electrical component with a novel structure in which aperture angles (&agr;) on both sides of constrictions (2) in the PTC polymer material are at least 100°. As a result, an improved response behavior can be achieved, and, in connection with further features, the construction of PTC polymer elements which are more rapid, capable of carrying greater currents and have higher dielectric strengths is possible.

    摘要翻译： 给出作为具有新型结构的电气部件的一部分的PTC聚合物元件（1）的描述，其中PTC聚合物材料中的收缩部（2）两侧的孔径角（α）为至少100°。 结果，可以实现改进的响应行为，并且结合其他特征，可以更快速地构建能够承载更大电流并且具有更高介电强度的PTC聚合物元件。

    Protective element
    5.
    发明授权
    Protective element 失效
    保护元件

    公开(公告)号：US06396383B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-05-28

    申请号：US09208479

    申请日：1998-12-10

    申请人： Joachim Glatz-Reichenbach ,  Felix Greuter ,  Ruzica Loitzl-Jelenic ,  Jörgen Skindhoj ,  Ralf Strümpler

    发明人： Joachim Glatz-Reichenbach ,  Felix Greuter ,  Ruzica Loitzl-Jelenic ,  Jörgen Skindhoj ,  Ralf Strümpler

    IPC分类号： H01C710

    CPC分类号： H01C7/13 ,  H01C7/027

    摘要： A protective element for protecting in particular an electric motor against overload currents includes in a polymer matrix, preferably ETFE, for example 40% (by volume) of a first powdered filler of a conductive material, preferably TiB2, so that, as in the case of a PTC element, the resistance increases abruptly at a switching temperature corresponding to the melting temperature of the polymer. Also added are 20% (by volume) of a second powdered filler, a phase transition material which, at a critical temperature below the switching temperature, undergoes a phase transition in which it absorbs heat of transformation. As a result, the response time (T) of the protective element is notably extended in a range of the overload current factor (F) corresponding to higher permissible motor starting currents. Examples of materials which come into consideration for the second filler are those with a solid-solid phase transition such as pentaerythritol, NaNO2, NaNO3 or else with a solid-liquid phase transition such as UHMWPE, quinol or, in particular, microencapsulated metals, alloys and salts.

    摘要翻译： 用于特别保护电动机以防止过载电流的保护元件包括在聚合物基质中，优选为ETFE，例如40％（体积）的导电材料的第一粉末填料，优选为TiB 2，因此，如在这种情况下 的PTC元件，电阻在对应于聚合物的熔融温度的开关温度下突然增加。 还加入20％（体积）第二粉末填料，相转变材料，其在低于开关温度的临界温度下经历相变，其吸收转化热。 结果，保护元件的响应时间（T）在对应于更高允许电动机起动电流的过载电流因数（F）的范围内显着延伸。 考虑到第二填料的材料的实例是具有固 - 固相变的物质，例如季戊四醇，NaNO 2，NaNO 3或具有固 - 液相变如UHMWPE，喹啉或特别是微胶囊金属合金 和盐。

    Fuse with overstoichiometric amount of oxidant
    6.
    发明授权
    Fuse with overstoichiometric amount of oxidant 失效
    具有化学计量量的氧化剂的保险丝

    公开(公告)号：US06515570B2

    公开(公告)日：2003-02-04

    申请号：US09731931

    申请日：2000-12-08

    申请人： Uwe Kaltenborn ,  Ralf Strümpler ,  Joachim Glatz-Reichenbach ,  Felix Greuter

    发明人： Uwe Kaltenborn ,  Ralf Strümpler ,  Joachim Glatz-Reichenbach ,  Felix Greuter

    IPC分类号： H01H8504

    CPC分类号： H01H85/06 ,  H01H85/055 ,  H01H85/185 ,  H01H2085/0008

    摘要： A fuse has a fuse element (6), composed of silver, with constrictions (7) which follow one another at regular intervals, and which fuse element makes contact with a combustible element (8), preferably over its entire length. The combustible element (8) is composed of a combustion compound, which is essentially of a fuel such as guanidine or a guanidine derivative and a metal such as Mg or Al and an oxidant such as KNO3, NaNO3, NH4NO3, KClO4, NaClO4, KMnO4, the proportion of which is overstoichiometric by a factor of at least 1.1, and preferably of at least 10. The combustible compound also preferably contains a binding agent such as paraffin, a thermoplastic or an elastomer, so that it can be extruded. It has an ignition temperature of between 160° C. and 260° C. and emits more than 200 J/g of heat, so that it ignites even in the event of small overcurrents and melts the entire length of the fuse element (6).

    摘要翻译： 保险丝具有由银构成的熔丝元件（6），具有以规则间隔彼此相邻的收缩部（7），并且该熔丝元件优选地在其整个长度上与可燃元件（8）接触。 可燃性元件（8）由燃烧化合物组成，燃烧化合物基本上由诸如胍或胍衍生物的燃料和诸如Mg或Al的金属和氧化剂如KNO 3，NaNO 3，NH 4 NO 3，KClO 4，NaClO 4，KMnO 4 ，其比例超过化学计量值至少为1.1，优选至少为10.可燃性化合物还优选含有粘合剂，例如石蜡，热塑性弹性体或弹性体，使得其可以被挤出。 它的点火温度介于160℃和260℃之间，并且发出超过200J / g的热量，使得即使在小的过电流并且熔化熔丝元件（6）的整个长度的情况下它也点燃， 。

    Electrical device comprising a PTC polymer element for overcurrent fault and short-circuit fault protection
    8.
    发明授权
    Electrical device comprising a PTC polymer element for overcurrent fault and short-circuit fault protection 失效
    电气装置包括用于过电流故障和短路故障保护的PTC聚合物元件

    公开(公告)号：US06429766B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-08-06

    申请号：US09767738

    申请日：2001-01-24

    申请人： Joachim Glatz-Reichenbach ,  Ralf Strümpler

    发明人： Joachim Glatz-Reichenbach ,  Ralf Strümpler

    IPC分类号： H01C713

    CPC分类号： H01C7/027

    摘要： The invention relates to an electric device with a PTC polymer element having a constriction. The constriction defines a web extending in a main current direction over a length longer than in the prior art, namely longer than 5 mm, preferably longer than 15 mm. Further, the aperture angle of the PTC polymer material at the ends of the web is larger than 100°. A preferred choice of material is given, further. The invention achieves very high voltage-withstand capabilities.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及具有收缩部的PTC聚合物元件的电子装置。 收缩部限定了在主电流方向上延伸长度比现有技术长的纤维网，即长于5mm，优选地长于15mm。 此外，纤维网端部处的PTC聚合物材料的孔径角大于100°。 进一步给出了材料的优选选择。 本发明实现了非常高的耐压能力。

    Contactor
    9.
    发明申请
    Contactor 有权
    接触器

    公开(公告)号：US20090272636A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-11-05

    申请号：US12225557

    申请日：2007-03-23

    申请人： Peter Isberg ,  Joachim Glatz-Reichenbach ,  Mats M. Johansson ,  Krister Linnarud ,  Lars X. Eriksson

    发明人： Peter Isberg ,  Joachim Glatz-Reichenbach ,  Mats M. Johansson ,  Krister Linnarud ,  Lars X. Eriksson

    IPC分类号： H01H1/06

    CPC分类号： H01H1/06 ,  H01H2001/145

    摘要： A contactor has two contact elements (1, 2) each having a contact member (3, 4) adapted to bear with the contact side (5, 6) thereof against a said contact side of the other contact member for enabling an electric current to flow between said to contact elements. The contact sides of both contact members are provided with serration's (11, 12) extending so that elongated ridge-like peaks (13) of serration's of one said contact side intersect such peaks of the other said contact side while forming a plurality of spots of mutual contact of these contact sides distributed over the area of said contact sides.

    摘要翻译： 接触器具有两个接触元件（1,2），每个接触元件具有接触构件（3,4），接触构件（3,4）适于承受其接触侧（5,6）抵靠另一接触构件的所述接触侧， 在所述接触元件之间流动。 两个接触构件的接触侧都设置有锯齿（11,12），其延伸使得一个所述接触侧的锯齿的细长的脊状峰（13）与另一个所述接触侧的这些峰相交，同时形成多个点 这些接触侧的相互接触分布在所述接触侧的区域上。

    Serrated contact members
    10.
    发明授权
    Serrated contact members 有权
    锯齿状接触件

    公开(公告)号：US08188392B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-05-29

    申请号：US12225557

    申请日：2007-03-23

    申请人： Peter Isberg ,  Joachim Glatz-Reichenbach ,  Mats M Johansson ,  Krister Linnarud ,  Lars X Eriksson

    发明人： Peter Isberg ,  Joachim Glatz-Reichenbach ,  Mats M Johansson ,  Krister Linnarud ,  Lars X Eriksson

    IPC分类号： H01H1/06

    CPC分类号： H01H1/06 ,  H01H2001/145

    摘要： A contactor has two contact elements (1, 2) each having a contact member (3, 4) adapted to bear with the contact side (5, 6) thereof against a said contact side of the other contact member for enabling an electric current to flow between said to contact elements. The contact sides of both contact members are provided with serration's (11, 12) extending so that elongated ridge-like peaks (13) of serration's of one said contact side intersect such peaks of the other said contact side while forming a plurality of spots of mutual contact of these contact sides distributed over the area of said contact sides.

    摘要翻译： 接触器具有两个接触元件（1,2），每个接触元件具有接触构件（3,4），接触构件（3,4）适于承受其接触侧（5,6）抵靠另一接触构件的所述接触侧， 在所述接触元件之间流动。 两个接触构件的接触侧都设置有锯齿（11,12），其延伸使得一个所述接触侧的锯齿的细长的脊状峰（13）与另一个所述接触侧的这些峰相交，同时形成多个点 这些接触侧的相互接触分布在所述接触侧的区域上。