公开(公告)号：US06210826B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-03

申请号：US09262982

申请日：1999-03-05

申请人： Robert Brian Dopp ,  John Edward Oltman ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti

发明人： Robert Brian Dopp ,  John Edward Oltman ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti

IPC分类号： H01M200

CPC分类号： H01M4/8803 ,  H01M2/022 ,  H01M2/0452 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M2/30 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/70 ,  H01M4/742 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2004/8689

摘要： An elongate air depolarized electrochemical cell (10). A grommet (18) closes the top of the cell (10). A seal (36) can extend upwardly into a slot (174) between the grommet (18) and a top closure member (177) such as at the top of a cathode can (28), or a separate top closure member (200). Cathode assembly (26) and separator (16) can extend into the slot (174). The seal is between the grommet (18) and cathode assembly (26), or between grommet (18) and separator (16). or both. The seal can extend upwardly into the slot (174) from an outer surface of the cathode assembly (26), can extend about respective upper edges of the cathode current collector (57), catalyst, and separator (16), and downwardly toward, preferably against or along the inner surface of, the separator (16). The top closure member (200) can be crimped against the grommet (18) at the slot (174), with the cathode assembly (26), and optionally the separator (16), in the slot (174) between the grommet (18) and the top closure (200), thus to provide a liquid-tight crimp seal. The top closure (200) can be crimped first against the grommet (18) at the slot (174), and further crimped against the grommet (18) at a second locus (178) displaced longitudinally from the first crimp. Composition of the seal comprises a microporous polymer (36), preferably polytetrafluoroethylene. Preferred embodiments comprise at least two, preferably at least three, layers of air permeable microporous sheet material, useful for diffusion of air therethrough to the cathode reaction surface (63). The layers are wrapped continuously and without intervening end, to form an outer surface of the cathode assembly (26). Another expression of the invention is a cathode assembly (26), or cathode-separator combination, for use in an elongate air depolarized cell (10). The air permeable sheet material (36), as wrapped about the tubular cathode assembly, is compressed so as to have a compressed thickness less than the uncompressed thickness. The invention still further comprehends an elongate air depolarized cell (10) comprising an anode, a cathode, or cathode-separator combination as described herein, and electrolyte.

公开(公告)号：US06203940B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-20

申请号：US09262975

申请日：1999-03-05

申请人： John Edward Oltman ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward

发明人： John Edward Oltman ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward

IPC分类号： H01M200

CPC分类号： H01M4/8803 ,  H01M2/022 ,  H01M2/0452 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M2/30 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/70 ,  H01M4/742 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2004/8689

摘要： An elongate, generally tubular, air depolarized electrochemical cell (10) comprising a cathode (14), including an air cathode assembly (26), extending about the tubular circumference, and along the tubular length, of the cell (10), an anode (12). a separator (16) between the anode (12) and the cathode (14), electrolyte, a top closure member (177, 200), and a bottom closure member (114, 202). The cathode assembly (26) is fixedly held, by a friction fit, in a slot (116) at the bottom of the cell. The slot can be developed, for example, by inner (110) and outer (114) walls of a cathode can (28), by inner (226) and outer (224) walls of a bottom closure member (202), or by an outer wall (114) of a cathode can (28) and an opposing outer wall of a plug (128) on the interior of the cell. Preferably, bottom closure structure of the cell (10) and receives a bottom edge portion (44) of the cathode current collector (32), and makes electrical contact with the bottom edge portion (44), preferably at an inner surface (60) of the cathode current collector. A diffusion member (36) of the cathode assembly (26) is preferably compressed as a seal, at the bottom of the cell (10), between an outer side wall (39) of the cell and the remainder of the cathode assembly (26). The diffusion member (36) is also used at least as an assist in sealing the cell (10) against electrolyte leakage from the anode cavity (137) and past the cathode assembly (26). The tubular cathode current collector (32) has novel border regions (42, 44, 46. 48), novel longitudinal joint structure (54), novel perforations (56), and including novel methods of making such cathode current collectors (32) and such cells (10).

摘要翻译： 一种细长的，通常为管状的空气去极化电化学电池（10），包括阴极（14），包括空气阴极组件（26），围绕电池（10）的管状周边延伸，并且沿着管状长度延伸，阳极 （12）。 阳极（12）和阴极（14）之间的隔板（16），电解质，顶部闭合构件（177,200）和底部闭合构件（114,202）。 阴极组件（26）通过摩擦配合固定地保持在电池底部的槽（116）中。 狭槽可以例如通过阴极罐（28）的内部（110）和外部（114）壁，底部封闭构件（202）的内部（226）和外部（224）壁，或者通过 阴极罐（28）的外壁（114）和电池内部的插塞（128）的相对的外壁。 优选地，电池（10）的底部闭合结构并且接收阴极集电器（32）的底部边缘部分（44），并且优选地在内表面（60）处与底部边缘部分（44）电接触， 的阴极集电器。 优选地，阴极组件（26）的扩散构件（36）作为密封件被压缩在电池（10）的底部，在电池的外侧壁（39）和阴极组件（26）的其余部分之间 ）。 扩散构件（36）至少还用作辅助密封电池（10）以抵抗来自阳极腔（137）的电解液泄漏并经过阴极组件（26）。 管状阴极集电器（32）具有新颖的边界区域（42,44,46,48），新颖的纵向接头结构（54），新颖的穿孔（56），并且包括制造这种阴极集电器（32）和 这样的细胞（10）。

公开(公告)号：US06296961B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-02

申请号：US09262976

申请日：1999-03-05

申请人： Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Robert Brian Loch ,  John Edward Oltman ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti

发明人： Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Robert Brian Loch ,  John Edward Oltman ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti

IPC分类号： H01M402

CPC分类号： H01M4/8803 ,  H01M2/022 ,  H01M2/0452 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M2/30 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/70 ,  H01M4/742 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2004/8689

摘要： Cathode assembly precursor cathode assembly (26) and elongate air depolarized electrochemical cells (10) made therewith. Cathode assembly precursor comprises a closed-loop elongate cathode current collector (32), and perforations (56) from outer to inner surfaces, and catalystically active carbon extending into the perforations (56). The current collector (32) can be cylindrical and can be free from longitudinal jointing, or can have a longitudinal joint (54), preferably free from overlap of the side wall. The current collector (32) can comprise an imperforate edge region at the top (42) and/or bottom (44), left (48) and/or right (46) edge. The perforations (56) define an open traction of the wall, of about 45 to about 70 percent. Typical cathode assemblies (26) have air diffusion member (36) on the outer surface of the cathode assembly (26). Such air diffusion member (36) typically has thickness of about 0.0025 to 0.005 inch (about 0.06 to about 0.13 mm.), and comprises a reduced thickness endless wrap extending at least 1.5 times, preferably 2 times, or 3 times, about the current collector (32), discouraging transfer of moisture vapor into or out of a cell, discouraging leakage, and controlling air diffusion rate. The diffusion member (36) extends beyond the top edge (42) of the current collector, and is folded in and down about the top edge (42) and inner surface (60) of the cathode assembly (26). The cathode current collector (32) can be mounted on a mandrel (93), the carbon sheet (80) passing through a nip defined between (i) support structure (192) having greater arc radius than the mandrel (93) and (ii) the mandrel (93), and applying force at the nip to consolidate the carbon (80) onto the side wall (58), passing air diffusion material (36) through the nip, and applying force to consolidate the air diffusion material (36) onto the carbon (80). The invention contemplates fabricating an air cathode assembly (26) comprising mounting the current collector (32) on a mandrel (93), defining an arc having a radius smaller than the arc of the cathode current collector (32), mounting the combination mandrel (93) and cathode current collector (32) in a stack (90) of assembly rolls (90A, 90B, 90C, 90D), making a sheet stack of carbon sheets (80s, 80B, 80C, 80D), passing the sheet stack through a nip, and applying force to the stack, reducing thickness of the stack, and passing air diffusion material (36) through the nips and applying force to consolidate the diffusion material (36) onto the carbon (80).

公开(公告)号：US06461761B1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-08

申请号：US09263512

申请日：1999-03-05

申请人： Gregory Scott Moy ,  John Edward Oltman ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Michael Andrew Ward

发明人： Gregory Scott Moy ,  John Edward Oltman ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Michael Andrew Ward

IPC分类号： H01M206

CPC分类号： H01M4/8803 ,  H01M2/022 ,  H01M2/0452 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M2/30 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/70 ,  H01M4/742 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2004/8689

摘要： An elongate, generally tubular, air depolarized electrochemical cell (10) comprising a cathode (14), including an air cathode assembly (26), extending about the tubular circumference, and along the tubular length, of the cell (10), an anode (12), a separator (16) between the anode (12) and the cathode (14), electrolyte, a top closure member (177, 200), and a bottom closure member (114, 202). The cathode assembly (26) is fixedly held, by a friction fit, in a slot (116) at the bottom of the cell. The slot can be developed, for example, by inner (110) and outer (114) walls of a cathode can (28), by inner (226) and outer (224) walls of a bottom closure member (202), or by an outer wall (114) of a cathode can (28) and an opposing outer wall of a plug (128) on the interior of the cell. Preferably, bottom closure structure of the cell (10) and receives a bottom edge portion (44) of the cathode current collector (32), and makes electrical contact with the bottom edge portion (44), preferably at an inner surface (60) of the cathode current collector. A diffusion member (36) of the cathode assembly (26) is preferably compressed as a seal, at the bottom of the cell (10), between an outer side wall (39) of the cell and the remainder of the cathode assembly (26). The diffusion member (36) is also used at least as an assist in sealing the cell (10) against electrolyte leakage from the anode cavity (137) and past the cathode assembly (26). An embodiment may provide a stop ledge (106) in grommet (18j) facing a stop groove (102) in a cathode can (28). The cathode assembly (26) can extend into a slot (174) at an outer edge of the grommet (18). A top grommet (204) can have an upwardly extending leg (210A) overlain by a top closure member (206). The air diffusion member (36) may control the rate of entry of air to the reaction surface, depending on density of the air diffusion member (36), whereby the air diffusion member (36) controls the limiting current of the cell (10). The air cell (10) can be free from adhesive bonding the separator (16) to the cathode assembly (26). The bottom of the cathode current collector (32) may be in a bottom slot (116), in a path of flow of current between a reaction surface and a positive electrode terminal (30). A method of fabricating cells can including crimping a top washer (206) and an outer leg (2100) of a top grommet (18) at the same time, including closing a slot 211).

公开(公告)号：US06197445B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-06

申请号：US09263122

申请日：1999-03-05

申请人： Michael Andrew Ward ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  John Edward Oltman

发明人： Michael Andrew Ward ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  John Edward Oltman

IPC分类号： H01M200

CPC分类号： H01M4/8803 ,  H01M2/022 ,  H01M2/0452 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M2/30 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/70 ,  H01M4/742 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2004/8689

摘要： An elongate, generally tubular, air depolarized electrochemical cell (10) comprising a cathode (14), including an air cathode assembly (26), extending about the tubular circumference, and along the tubular length, of the cell (10), an anode (12), a separator (16) between the anode (12) and the cathode (14), electrolyte, a top closure member (177, 200), and a bottom closure member (114, 202). The cathode assembly (26) is fixedly held, by a friction fit, in a slot (116) at the bottom of the cell. The slot can be developed, for example, by inner (110) and outer (114) walls of a cathode can (28), by inner (226) and outer (224) walls of a bottom closure member (202), or by an outer wall (114) of a cathode can (28) and an opposing outer wall of a plug (128) on the interior of the cell. Preferably, bottom closure structure of the cell (10) and receives a bottom edge portion (44) of the cathode current collector (32), and makes electrical contact with the bottom edge portion (44), preferably at an inner surface (60) of the cathode current collector. A diffusion member (36) of the cathode assembly (26) is preferably compressed as a seal, at the bottom of the cell (10), between an outer side wall (39) of the cell and the remainder of the cathode assembly (26). The diffusion member (36) is also used at least as an assist in sealing the cell (10) against electrolyte leakage from the anode cavity (137) and past the cathode assembly (26). Various embodiments comprehend crimping the outer side wall against the cathode assembly and thereby developing a crimping bias in the outer side wall which holds the cathode assembly in the slot, by friction, between the outer and inner side walls.

摘要翻译： 一种细长的，通常为管状的空气去极化电化学电池（10），包括阴极（14），包括空气阴极组件（26），围绕电池（10）的管状周边延伸，并且沿着管状长度延伸，阳极 （12），阳极（12）和阴极（14）之间的隔板（16），电解质，顶部封闭构件（177,200）和底部闭合构件（114,202）。 阴极组件（26）通过摩擦配合固定地保持在电池底部的槽（116）中。 狭槽可以例如通过阴极罐（28）的内部（110）和外部（114）壁，底部封闭构件（202）的内部（226）和外部（224）壁，或者通过 阴极罐（28）的外壁（114）和电池内部的插塞（128）的相对的外壁。 优选地，电池（10）的底部闭合结构并且接收阴极集电器（32）的底部边缘部分（44），并且优选地在内表面（60）处与底部边缘部分（44）电接触， 的阴极集电器。 优选地，阴极组件（26）的扩散构件（36）作为密封件被压缩在电池（10）的底部，在电池的外侧壁（39）和阴极组件（26）的其余部分之间 ）。 扩散构件（36）至少还用作辅助密封电池（10）以抵抗来自阳极腔（137）的电解液泄漏并经过阴极组件（26）。 各种实施例包括将外侧壁压接在阴极组件上，从而在外侧壁上形成卷边偏压，该外侧壁通过摩擦在外侧壁和内侧壁之间将阴极组件保持在槽中。

公开(公告)号：US06436571B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-20

申请号：US09262977

申请日：1999-03-05

申请人： Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Susan Jean Launder ,  John Edward Oltman ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward

发明人： Joseph Lynn Passaniti ,  Susan Jean Launder ,  John Edward Oltman ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  Michael Andrew Ward

IPC分类号： H01M202

CPC分类号： H01M4/8803 ,  H01M2/022 ,  H01M2/0452 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M2/30 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/70 ,  H01M4/742 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2004/8689

摘要： An elongate, generally tubular, air depolarized electrochemical cell (10) comprising a cathode (14), including an air cathode assembly (26), extending about the tubular circumference, and along the tubular length, of the cell (10), an anode (12), a separator (16) between the anode (12) and the cathode (14), electrolyte, a top closure member (177, 200), and a bottom closure member (114, 202). The cathode assembly (26) is fixedly held, by a friction fit, in a slot (116) at the bottom of the cell. The slot can be developed, for example, by inner (110) and outer (114) wars of a cathode can (28), by inner (226) and outer (224) walls of a bottom closure member (202), or by an outer wall (114) of a cathode can (28) and an opposing outer wall of a plug (128) on the interior of the cell. Preferably, bottom closure structure of the cell (10) and receives a bottom edge portion (44) of the cathode current collector (32), and makes electrical contact with, the bottom edge portion (44), preferably at an inner surface (60) of the cathode current collector. A diffusion member (36) of the cathode assembly (26) is preferably compressed as a seal, at the bottom of the cell (10), between an outer side wall (39) of the cell and the remainder of the cathode assembly (26). The diffusion member (36) is also used at least as an assist in sealing the cell (10) against electrolyte leakage from the anode cavity (137) and past the cathode assembly (26). Various embodiments comprehend a variety of bottom seal members (140, 142) between the bottom wall (37) and the electroactive anode material (20), typically in combination with a bottom slot (116) receiving the cathode assembly (26) adjacent an outer side wall (39) of the bottom closure member (30, 202).

公开(公告)号：US06210827B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-03

申请号：US09262992

申请日：1999-03-05

申请人： Robert Brian Dopp ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  John Edward Oltman

发明人： Robert Brian Dopp ,  Gregory Scott Moy ,  John Edward Oltman

IPC分类号： H01M200

CPC分类号： H01M4/8803 ,  H01M2/022 ,  H01M2/0452 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M2/30 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/70 ,  H01M4/742 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2004/8689

摘要： An elongate, generally tubular, air depolarized electrochemical cell (10) comprising a cathode (14), including an air cathode assembly (26), extending about the tubular circumference, and along the tubular length, of the cell (10), an anode (12), a separator (16) between the anode (12) and the cathode (14), electrolyte, a top closure member (177, 200), and a bottom closure member (114, 202). The cathode assembly (26) is fixedly held, by a friction fit, in a slot (116) at the bottom of the cell. The slot can be developed, for example, by inner (110) and outer (114) walls of a cathode can (28), by inner (226) and outer (224) walls of a bottom closure member (202), or by an outer wall (114) of a cathode can (28) and an opposing outer wall of a plug (128) on the interior of the cell. Preferably, bottom closure structure of the cell (10) and receives a bottom edge portion (44) of the cathode current collector (32), and makes electrical contact with the bottom edge portion (44), preferably at an inner surface (60) of the cathode current collector. A diffusion member (36) of the cathode assembly (26) is preferably compressed as a seal, at the bottom of the cell (10), between an outer side wall (39) of the cell and the remainder of the cathode assembly (26). The diffusion member (36) is also used at least as an assist in sealing the cell (10) against electrolyte leakage from the anode cavity (137) and past the cathode assembly (26). Various embodiments comprehend crimping bias in various members at the bottom of the cell (10), to develop the friction fit that fixedly holds the cathode assembly (26) at the bottom of the cell (10). In a can-less embodiment, top (200) and bottom (202) closure members can be separate and distinct from each other, and at least a portion of the air cathode assembly (26) is openly exposed as an outer surface to the ambient environment. A portion of the air diffusion member (36) is compressed in the bottom closure member as a seal.

公开(公告)号：US06284400B1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-04

申请号：US09531116

申请日：2000-03-20

申请人： Robert Adey ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  John Edward Oltman

发明人： Robert Adey ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  John Edward Oltman

IPC分类号： H01M1206

CPC分类号： H01M2/0222 ,  H01M2/0257 ,  H01M2/027 ,  H01M2/0272 ,  H01M2/0275 ,  H01M4/244 ,  H01M4/42 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2300/0085

摘要： This invention pertains to metal-air electrochemical cells wherein one or more air entry ports is located in the bottom of the cathode can, to provide for entry of oxygen-rich air into the cathode can, where the oxygen participates in the electrochemical reaction whereby the cell produces electrical energy. In this invention, extremely small air ports are provided, along with methods of reliably fabricating such small air ports, where a tool impression extends around the port. Generally, the use of an increased number of small air ports distributed over the bottom of the cathode can, opposite the reaction surface of the cathode assembly, wherein the overall open area of the ports is not increased, results in less moisture traversing the air ports, into or out of the cell. Accordingly, moisture loss, or gain, as a function of electrical energy produced, is thereby reduced.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及金属 - 空气电化学电池，其中一个或多个进气口位于阴极罐的底部，以提供富氧空气进入阴极罐，其中氧气参与电化学反应，由此， 电池产生电能。 在本发明中，提供了非常小的空气口，以及可靠地制造这样的小型空气口的方法，其中工具印模围绕端口延伸。 通常，分布在阴极底部上的增加数量的小空气端口的使用可以与阴极组件的反作用表面相反，其中端口的总开口面积不增加，导致较少的湿气穿过空气端口 ，进出细胞。 因此，作为产生的电能的函数的水分损失或增益被降低。

公开(公告)号：US6040074A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-21

申请号：US846327

申请日：1997-04-30

申请人： Robert Adey ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  John Edward Oltman

发明人： Robert Adey ,  Robert Brian Dopp ,  John Edward Oltman

IPC分类号： H01M2/02 ,  H01M4/24 ,  H01M4/42 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M12/06

CPC分类号： H01M2/0222 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M2/0257 ,  H01M2/027 ,  H01M2/0272 ,  H01M2/0275 ,  H01M4/244 ,  H01M4/42 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M2300/0085

摘要： This invention pertains to metal-air electrochemical cells wherein one or more air entry ports is located in the bottom of the cathode can, to provide for entry of oxygen-rich air into the cathode can, where the oxygen participates in the electrochemical reaction whereby the cell produces electrical energy. In this invention, extremely small air ports are provided, along with methods of reliably fabricating such small air ports Generally, the use of an increased number of small air ports distributed over the bottom of the cathode can, opposite the reaction surface of the cathode assembly, wherein the overall open area of the ports is not increased, results in less moisture traversing the air ports, into or out of the cell. Accordingly, moisture loss, or gain, as a function of electrical energy produced, is thereby reduced.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及金属 - 空气电化学电池，其中一个或多个进气口位于阴极罐的底部，以提供富氧空气进入阴极罐，其中氧气参与电化学反应，由此， 电池产生电能。 在本发明中，提供了非常小的空气口以及可靠地制造这种小型空气口的方法。通常，分布在阴极底部上的增加数量的小空气口的使用可以与阴极组件的反作用表面相对 ，其中端口的总开口面积不增加，导致穿过空气端口进入或离开电池的较少水分。 因此，作为产生的电能的函数的水分损失或增益被降低。

公开(公告)号：US20130087466A1

公开(公告)日：2013-04-11

申请号：US13630776

申请日：2012-09-28

申请人： Robert Brian Dopp

发明人： Robert Brian Dopp

IPC分类号： B01D43/00 ,  C02F1/461 ,  C25B9/00 ,  C25B9/18 ,  C02F101/30

CPC分类号： C02F1/4672 ,  C02F1/78 ,  C02F2001/46133 ,  C02F2101/30 ,  C02F2201/46175 ,  C02F2201/46185

摘要： Various methods and systems are provided for electrochemical digestion of organic molecules. In one example, among others, a method includes providing an electrolyte fluid including organic molecules between the electrodes of a reaction vessel and applying a voltage wave shape to the electrodes of the reaction vessel to digest the organic molecules. No separator exists between the electrodes of the reaction vessel. In another example, a system for digesting organic molecules includes a reaction vessel, an electrolyte fluid including the organic molecules, and a power source. The reaction vessel includes a plurality of electrodes where no separator exists between the electrodes. The electrolyte fluid is provided between the plurality of electrodes of the reaction vessel and the power source can applies a voltage wave shape to the electrodes of the reaction vessel to digest the organic molecules.

摘要翻译： 提供了有机分子的电化学消解的各种方法和系统。 在一个实例中，其中包括在反应容器的电极之间提供包括有机分子的电解液，并将电压波形施加到反应容器的电极以消化有机分子。 在反应容器的电极之间不存在分离器。 在另一个实例中，用于消化有机分子的系统包括反应容器，包括有机分子的电解质流体和电源。 反应容器包括在电极之间不存在隔膜的多个电极。 电解质流体设置在反应容器的多个电极之间，电源可以向反应容器的电极施加电压波形以消化有机分子。