摘要:
Disclosed is a concentrated cooling water additive that is substantially non-corrosive within a pH range of 2-12 and contains polymeric dispersant(s) and aromatic azole(s) that exhibits improved stability, possibly as a result of the interaction of the hydrophobic groups in the dispersant polymer and the aromatic azole(s). This improved stability allows for both reduced corrosivity of the formula and reduced manufacturing costs. Benefits of the disclosed formulations include improved safety for handling and shipment, more concentrated formulations available in liquid form, reduced shipping costs and storage space, reduced heat of neutralization during product manufacture, reduced costs of manufacture due to removal of need for caustic or acid addition and reduced environmental compliance costs associated with washing and waste handling step.
摘要:
Disclosed are methods and apparatus for improving heat transfer of recirculating fluids within a system by introducing a ferrofluid in which iron oxide nanoparticles are suspended in a carrier fluid that is, in turn, added to a working fluid for increasing the heat capacity of the working fluid. The ferrofluid suspension can be prepared ex-situ and metered into the working fluid from a separate reservoir or may be prepared in-situ as needed through the use of an inline reactor. The ferrofluid can be introduced with other water treatment additives which are compatible with the colloidal suspension and monitored directly and/or indirectly for controlling the heat capacity performance of the system.
摘要:
Filter for a smoking product, the filter including a first filter segment and a second filter segment, wherein the first filter segment includes a component that is given off into a smoke stream passing through a filter outlet opening, and the second filter segment includes a sorption means that absorbs a component from a smoke stream passing through the filter inlet opening.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for inhibiting the formation of foam in aqueous systems by adding foam control composition including a polyoxyethylene and/or a polyoxypropylene nonionic fatty acid derivative and a quaternary ammonium surfactant.
摘要:
An apparatus comprises a vessel comprising an open top, an open bottom, and a wall. The vessel encompasses a volume of material and fluid. A bottom assembly removably engages the open bottom. A lid assembly removably engages the open top. A plunger unit comprises a top end and a bottom end. The plunger unit passes through the lid assembly to extend to at least the open bottom. A filter assembly is in engagement with the bottom end and the cylinder wall. The filter assembly substantially separates the material and fluid with a movement of the plunger unit towards the open bottom and compresses the material against the bottom assembly. The separated fluid is removable from the open top, and the compressed material is removable by a disengagement of the bottom assembly and continued movement of the filter assembly towards the open bottom.
摘要:
Smoking article and method of manufacturing a smoking article A smoking article (10), comprises a first part, and a second part movable relative to the first part. An indexing mechanism comprises a first indexing surface (18) on one of the first part or second part; and a second indexing surface (19) on the other of the first and second parts. The second indexing surface (19) is configured to engage with the first indexing surface (18) to control relative movement between the first part and second part.
摘要:
Disclosed are methods of synthesizing triazoles that avoids the use of concentrated acids in favor of carbonic acid generated from CO2 that can be practiced at ambient and/or elevated temperature and/or atmospheric and/or elevated pressures. The disclosed methods also provide a way of synthesizing triazole products that are sufficiently pure and/or of sufficient concentration whereby the reaction product(s) may not require purification or other treatment before being used in, for example, formulating water treatment compositions that will tend to suppress corrosion or as an intermediate product in a more complex synthesis.
摘要:
Provided are methods and systems for continuously producing low concentrations of chlorine dioxide from dilute solutions of sodium chlorite. The low concentrations of chlorine dioxide produced allow for reduced exposure risk with direct application of the chlorine dioxide stream. The incorporation of a suitable chlorine dioxide detector permits continuous monitoring and control of chlorine dioxide production ensuring that the process stays within regulatory guidelines. Pretreatment of reaction water is preferred for achieving suitable conversion rates of the low concentrations of chlorite to chlorine dioxide.
摘要:
A method for correcting column Fixed Pattern Noise (FPN) in an image sensor offers a compromise between speed and precision for calculating column FPN offsets. The present correction technique is digital, and is applied after the pixel signal voltages have been digitized by an ADC. A first Optical Black (OB) pixel is sampled and compared to a target level. An offset is stored, and an appropriate push-size is determined. Additional OB pixels are sampled and the offset is applied. The push-size is increased or decreased depending upon whether the pixel signal with the applied offset is above or below a target value. This new offset value is written to memory, and the push-size is reduced, and the process is repeated until the last OB pixel has been processed. The resulting offset is applied to the signal pixels in a column. The primary advantage of this approach is that within a single frame, a good estimate of the column offset is made which is not as affected by outlier pixels (such as “hot” or “flashing” pixels).
摘要:
A filter (3) for a smoking article (1) comprises one or more segments (4a, 4b, 4c) of filtration media and a substantially transparent wrapper (5). The one or more filter segments (4a, 4b, 4c) and the wrapper (5) define a recess or cavity in the filter (3). An anchoring adhesive (7) is provided to secure the one or more filter segments (4a, 4b, 4c) to the wrapper (5). The anchoring adhesive (7) is disposed exclusively between the wrapper (5) and portions of the one or more filter segments (4a, 4b, 4c) other than those corresponding to the recess or cavity.