摘要:
An etching composition, a method of forming a metal pattern using the etching composition, and a method of manufacturing a display substrate are disclosed. The etching composition includes about 0.1% by weight to about 25% by weight of ammonium persulfate, about 0.1% by weight to about 25% by weight of an organic acid, about 0.01% by weight to about 5% by weight of a chelating agent, about 0.01% by weight to about 5% by weight of a fluoride compound, about 0.01% by weight to about 5% by weight of a chloride compound, about 0.01% by weight to about 2% by weight of an azole-based compound and a remainder of water. Thus, a copper layer may be stably etched to improve a reliability of manufacturing the metal pattern and the display substrate.
摘要:
A method of forming a metal pattern on a display substrate includes blanket depositing a copper-based layer having a thickness between about 1,500 Å and about 5,500 Å on a base substrate, and forming a patterned photoresist layer on the copper-based layer. The copper-based layer is over-etched by an etching composition containing an oxidizing moderating agent where the over-etch factor is between about 40% and about 200% while using the patterned photoresist layer as an etch stopping layer, and where the etching composition includes ammonium persulfate between about 0.1% by weight and about 50% by weight, includes an azole-based compound between about 0.01% by weight and about 5% by weight and a remainder of water. Thus, reliability of the metal pattern and that of manufacturing a display substrate may be improved.
摘要:
A method of forming a metal pattern on a display substrate includes blanket depositing a copper-based layer having a thickness between about 1,500 Å and about 5,500 Å on a base substrate, and forming a patterned photoresist layer on the copper-based layer. The copper-based layer is over-etched by an etching composition containing an oxidizing moderating agent where the over-etch factor is between about 40% and about 200% while using the patterned photoresist layer as an etch stopping layer, and where the etching composition includes ammonium persulfate between about 0.1% by weight and about 50% by weight, includes an azole-based compound between about 0.01% by weight and about 5% by weight and a remainder of water. Thus, reliability of the metal pattern and that of manufacturing a display substrate may be improved.
摘要:
A block coding apparatus and method in an OFDM mobile communication system are provided. They reduce PAPR to 3 dB or less, while increasing a traditional block coding rate by twice, by use of complementary sequences. Therefore, spectral efficiency is improved by twice, maintaining the traditional error correction capability, and thus decoding is facilitated.
摘要:
Disclosed is an apparatus and method for reducing a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) due to multiple subcarriers in an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) mobile communication system. In the OFDM mobile communication system, a transmitter pre-emphasizes an output signal of an IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) block, and a receiver de-emphasizes a received signal before FFT (Fast Fourier Transform), thereby efficiently reducing PAPR due to multiple subcarriers.