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公开(公告)号：US06914105B1
公开(公告)日：2005-07-05
申请号：US09709206
申请日：2000-11-09
CPC分类号： B01J19/1881 , B01J3/008 , B01J8/0055 , B01J8/006 , B01J19/2435 , B01J19/2465 , B01J19/2475 , B01J2219/00006 , B01J2219/00015 , B01J2219/00033 , B01J2219/00114 , B01J2219/00135 , B01J2219/00166 , C08F2/04 , C08F14/22 , Y02P20/544 , Y10S526/942
摘要： A method for carrying out the continuous polymerization of a monomer in a carbon dioxide reaction medium comprises the steps of: (a) providing an apparatus including a continuous reaction vessel and a separator; (b) carrying out a polymerization reaction in the reaction vessel by combining a monomer and a carbon dioxide reaction medium therein (and preferably by also combining an initiator therein), wherein the reaction medium is a liquid or supercritical fluid, and wherein the reaction produces a solid polymer product in the reaction vessel; then (c) withdrawing a continuous effluent stream from the reaction vessel during the polymerization reaction, wherein the effluent stream is maintained as a liquid or supercritical fluid; then (d) passing the continuous effluent stream through the separator and separating the solid polymer therefrom while maintaining at least a portion of the effluent stream as a liquid or supercritical fluid; and then (e) returning at least a portion of the continuous effluent stream to the reaction vessel while maintaining the effluent stream as a liquid or supercritical fluid. The need for significant recompression of the continuous effluent stream prior to return to the reaction vessel is thereby minimized. Apparatus for carrying out such methods is also disclosed.
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公开(公告)号：US06716945B2
公开(公告)日：2004-04-06
申请号：US09860413
申请日：2001-05-18
IPC分类号： C08F21422
摘要： A method for forming a fluoropolymer comprises providing a reaction mixture comprising carbon dioxide, at least one fluoromonomer, and an initiator; and reacting the at least one fluoromonomer in the reaction mixture to form a fluoropolymer. The fluoropolymer has a multimodal molecular weight distribution.
摘要翻译： 形成含氟聚合物的方法包括提供包含二氧化碳，至少一种含氟单体和引发剂的反应混合物; 并使反应混合物中的至少一种含氟单体反应形成含氟聚合物。 含氟聚合物具有多峰分子量分布。
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公开(公告)号：US07410620B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-12
申请号：US11112420
申请日：2005-04-22
CPC分类号： B01J19/1881 , B01J3/008 , B01J8/0055 , B01J8/006 , B01J19/2435 , B01J19/2465 , B01J19/2475 , B01J2219/00006 , B01J2219/00015 , B01J2219/00033 , B01J2219/00114 , B01J2219/00135 , B01J2219/00166 , C08F2/04 , C08F14/22 , Y02P20/544 , Y10S526/942
摘要： A method for carrying out the continuous polymerization of a monomer in a carbon dioxide reaction medium comprises the steps of: (a) providing an apparatus including a continuous reaction vessel and a separator; (b) carrying out a polymerization reaction in the reaction vessel by combining a monomer and a carbon dioxide reaction medium therein (and preferably by also combining an initiator therein), wherein the reaction medium is a liquid or supercritical fluid, and wherein the reaction produces a solid polymer product in the reaction vessel; then (c) withdrawing a continuous effluent stream from the reaction vessel during the polymerization reaction, wherein the effluent stream is maintained as a liquid or supercritical fluid; then (d) passing the continuous effluent stream through the separator and separating the solid polymer therefrom while maintaining at least a portion of the effluent stream as a liquid or supercritical fluid; and then (e) returning at least a portion of the continuous effluent stream to the reaction vessel while maintaining the effluent stream as a liquid or supercritical fluid. The need for significant recompression of the continuous effluent stream prior to return to the reaction vessel is thereby minimized. Apparatus for carrying out such methods is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 在二氧化碳反应介质中进行单体的连续聚合的方法包括以下步骤：（a）提供包括连续反应容器和分离器的装置; （b）通过在其中组合单体和二氧化碳反应介质（优选通过将其中的引发剂结合在其中）来在反应容器中进行聚合反应，其中反应介质是液体或超临界流体，其中反应产生 反应容器中的固体聚合物产物; 然后（c）在聚合反应期间从反应容器中取出连续的流出物流，其中流出物流被保持为液体或超临界流体; 然后（d）使连续的流出物流通过分离器并从其中分离固体聚合物，同时将至少一部分流出物流保持为液体或超临界流体; 然后（e）将至少一部分连续流出物流返回到反应容器中，同时将流出物流保持为液体或超临界流体。 因此，在返回到反应容器之前对连续流出物流进行显着再压缩的需要被最小化。 还公开了用于执行这种方法的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US06900267B2
公开(公告)日：2005-05-31
申请号：US10317506
申请日：2002-12-12
IPC分类号： C08F2/00 , C08F8/00 , C08F8/04 , C08F257/02 , C08F289/00 , C08F291/00 , C08L51/00 , C08L51/08 , C08F255/06 , C08J9/00
CPC分类号： C08F8/00 , C08F8/04 , C08F257/02 , C08F289/00 , C08F291/00 , C08L51/003 , C08L51/08 , C08F12/00 , C08F20/00 , C08L2666/02
摘要： Methods of carrying out a reactive extrusion processes are described that include combining at least one polymer, oligomer, or combination thereof, a carbon dioxide containing fluid, and at least one reactant in an extruder to form a mixture such that the carbon dioxide containing fluid comes into intimate contact with the at least one polymer, oligomer, or combination thereof and assists in a reaction between the at least one polymer, oligomer, or combination thereof and the at least one reactant, and wherein the at least one polymer, oligomer, or combination thereof is modified upon reaction with the at least one reactant.
摘要翻译： 描述了进行反应性挤出方法的方法，其包括在挤出机中组合至少一种聚合物，低聚物或其组合，含二氧化碳的流体和至少一种反应物以形成混合物，使得含二氧化碳的流体来 与所述至少一种聚合物，低聚物或其组合紧密接触并有助于所述至少一种聚合物，低聚物或其组合与所述至少一种反应物之间的反应，并且其中所述至少一种聚合物，低聚物或 当与至少一种反应物反应时，其组合被修饰。
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5.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07408009B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-05
申请号：US10533625
申请日：2003-11-03
CPC分类号： C08F8/04 , Y02P20/544
摘要： A method of hydrogenating a polymer comprises: (a) providing a dense phase, the dense phase comprising a polymer in a solvent; (b) providing a catalyst system, the catalyst system comprising as least one metal hydrogenation catalyst (preferably including nickel or ruthenium); and (c) providing a light phase, the light phase comprising, consisting of or consisting essentially of hydrogen and carbon dioxide; and (d) contacting the dense phase, the light phase and the catalyst system under conditions in which the hydrogen reacts with the polymer and hydrogenates the polymer.
摘要翻译： 氢化聚合物的方法包括：（a）提供致密相，所述致密相在溶剂中包含聚合物; （b）提供催化剂体系，所述催化剂体系包含至少一种金属氢化催化剂（优选包括镍或钌）; 和（c）提供轻相，所述轻相包含由氢和二氧化碳组成或基本上由氢和二氧化碳组成; 和（d）在氢与聚合物反应并氢化聚合物的条件下使密相，轻相和催化剂体系接触。
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6.发明授权Methods and apparatus for separating Fischer-Tropsch catalysts from liquid hydrocarbon product 失效将费 - 托催化剂与液态烃产物分离的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6114399A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-05
申请号：US796375
申请日：1997-02-06
CPC分类号： B01J8/228 , C07C1/0425 , C07C1/0485 , C07C7/10 , Y02P20/544
摘要： A method of separating a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst from the output slurry of a Fischer-Tropsch bubble column reactor, where the slurry comprises Fischer-Tropsch catalyst particles and liquid hydrocarbon product is disclosed. The method comprises contacting a compressed hydrocarbon solvent (e.g., a supercritical hydrocarbon solvent, or liquid hydrocarbon solvent which may be at near supercritical conditions) with the output slurry at a temperature and pressure where the liquid hydrocarbon product is soluble in the solvent to form a concentrated slurry phase containing the catalyst particles, and an enriched solvent phase containing liquid hydrocarbon product. This contacting step is then followed by the step of separating the concentrated slurry from the enriched solvent. Apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 从费 - 托泡罩塔反应器的输出浆料中分离费 - 托催化剂的方法，其中浆料包括费 - 托催化剂颗粒和液态烃产物。 该方法包括在液体烃产物可溶于溶剂中的温度和压力下使压缩烃溶剂（例如，超临界烃溶剂或可接近超临界条件的液体烃溶剂）与输出浆料接触以形成 含有催化剂颗粒的浓缩浆料相和含有液体烃产物的富集溶剂相。 该接触步骤之后是从浓缩溶剂中分离浓缩浆液的步骤。 还公开了用于实施本发明的方法的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US4859435A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-22
申请号：US205408
申请日：1988-06-10
CPC分类号： C01B21/0422 , C01B23/00 , C01B2210/0045
摘要： The present invention is directed to a process for removing minor amounts of oxygen from inert gas streams to result in very low levels of oxygen contamination in such inert gas streams, wherein the oxygen is removed by the action of stoichiometric quantities of methanol, which react with the oxygen over a catalyst at ambient feed temperature conditions without a requirement for external heating of the reaction.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种从惰性气流中除去少量氧气的方法，以在这种惰性气流中产生非常低水平的氧污染，其中通过化学计量的甲醇的作用除去氧气，其与 在环境进料温度条件下，催化剂上的氧气不需要外部加热反应。
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8.发明授权CO2-assisted deploymerization, purification and recycling of step-growth polymers 失效二氧化碳辅助配置，阶段生长聚合物的纯化和再循环公开(公告)号：US06919383B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-19
申请号：US10119798
申请日：2002-04-10
申请人： Saad A. Khan , George W. Roberts , Joseph R. Royer
发明人： Saad A. Khan , George W. Roberts , Joseph R. Royer
CPC分类号： C08J11/24 , C08J11/10 , Y02W30/702 , Y02W30/706
摘要： A method of depolymerizing a polymer comprises contacting a polymer with a fluid comprising carbon dioxide and at least one component, wherein the fluid plasticizes the polymer and facilitates penetration of the component into the polymer to depolymerize the polymer and form oligomeric units, monomeric units, or combinations thereof.
摘要翻译： 解聚聚合物的方法包括使聚合物与包含二氧化碳和至少一种组分的流体接触，其中流体增塑聚合物并促进组分进入聚合物中以解聚聚合物并形成低聚单元，单体单元或 其组合。
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公开(公告)号：US4859434A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-22
申请号：US205145
申请日：1988-06-10
CPC分类号： C01B23/00 , C01B21/0416 , C01B3/326 , C01B2203/1011 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/107 , C01B2203/1082 , C01B2203/1223 , C01B2210/0045 , Y02P20/52
摘要： The present invention is directed to a process for producing endothermic gases from methanol and inert gas streams containing minor amounts of oxygen, wherein the oxygen is reacted with stoichiometric excess quantities of methanol over a catalyst as ambient feed temperature conditions without a requirement for external heating of the reaction to produce an endothermic gas containing very low levels of oxygen and methanol and significant quantities of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, water and carbon dioxide.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及从含有少量氧气的甲醇和惰性气体流产生吸热气体的方法，其中氧气与化学计量过量的甲醇在催化剂上作为环境进料温度条件反应而不需要外部加热 产生含有非常低水平的氧气和甲醇和显着量的氢气，一氧化碳，水和二氧化碳的吸热气体的反应。
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10.发明授权In-situ activation of CuO/ZnO/Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 catalysts in the liquid phase 失效在液相中CuO / ZnO / Al2O3催化剂的原位活化
公开(公告)号：US4801574A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-31
申请号：US127830
申请日：1987-12-02
IPC分类号： B01J23/80 , B01J37/18 , C01B3/06 , C01B3/16 , C07B61/00 , C07C29/154 , C07C31/04 , B01J21/04 , B01J23/06 , B01J23/72 , C07C29/16
摘要： The present invention relates to a method of activation of a CuO/ZnO/Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 catalyst slurried in a chemically inert liquid. Successful activation of the catalyst requires the use of a process in which the temperature of the system at any time is not allowed to exceed a certain critical value, which is a function of the specific hydrogen uptake of the catalyst at that same time. This process is especially critical for activating highly concentrated catalyst slurries, typically 25 to 50 wt %. Activation of slurries of CuO/ZnO/Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 catalyst is useful in carrying out the liquid phase methanol or the liquid phase shift reactions.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及在化学惰性液体中制备的CuO / ZnO / Al 2 O 3催化剂的活化方法。 催化剂的成功激活需要使用任何时间的系统温度不允许超过某一临界值的过程，这是同时催化剂的特定吸氢量的函数。 该方法对于活化高度浓缩的催化剂浆料，通常为25至50重量％是特别关键的。 CuO / ZnO / Al2O3催化剂浆料的活化可用于进行液相甲醇或液相移反应。
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