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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5562345A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-08
申请号：US571688
申请日：1995-12-13
IPC分类号： G01N25/72
CPC分类号： G01N25/72
摘要： A heat source such as a magnetic induction/eddy current generator remotely heats a region of a surface of a test structure to a desired depth. For example, the frequency of the heating source can be varied to heat to the desired depth. A thermal sensor senses temperature changes in the heated region as a function of time. A computer compares these sensed temperature changes with calibration standards of a similar sample having known disbond and/or inclusion geography(ies) to analyze the test structure. A plurality of sensors can be arranged linearly to sense vector heat flow.
摘要翻译： 诸如磁感应/涡流发生器的热源将测试结构的表面的区域远程加热到期望的深度。 例如，可以改变加热源的频率以加热到期望的深度。 热传感器根据时间来检测加热区域的温度变化。 计算机将这些感测的温度变化与具有已知的解离和/或包含地理学的相似样品的校准标准进行比较，以分析测试结构。 可以将多个传感器线性布置以感测矢量热流。
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公开(公告)号：US5131758A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-21
申请号：US768094
申请日：1991-09-30
申请人： Joseph S. Heyman , D. Michele Heath , Christopher Welch , William P. Winfree , William E. Miller
发明人： Joseph S. Heyman , D. Michele Heath , Christopher Welch , William P. Winfree , William E. Miller
IPC分类号： G01N25/72
CPC分类号： G01N25/72
摘要： A sample in a wind tunnel is radiated from a thermal energy source exteriorly of the wind tunnel. A thermal imager system, also located exteriorly of the wind tunnel, reads surface radiations from the sample as a function of time. The produced thermal images are characteristic of the heat transferred from the sample to the flow across the sample. In turn, the measured rates of heat loss of the sample are characteristic of the flow and the sample.
摘要翻译： 风洞中的样品从风洞外部的热能源辐射。 也位于风洞外部的热像仪系统将样品中的表面辐射作为时间的函数读取。 所产生的热图像是从样品传递到穿过样品的流的热的特征。 反过来，样品的测量热损失率是流量和样品的特征。
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公开(公告)号：US5085073A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-04
申请号：US146939
申请日：1988-01-22
申请人： Joseph S. Heyman , D. Michele Heath , Christopher S. Welch , William P. Winfree , William E. Miller
发明人： Joseph S. Heyman , D. Michele Heath , Christopher S. Welch , William P. Winfree , William E. Miller
摘要： A sample in a wind tunnel is radiated from a thermal energy source exteriorly of the wind tunnel. A thermal imager system, also located exteriorly of the wind tunnel, reads surface radiations from the sample as a function of time. The produced thermal images are characteristic of the heat transferred from the sample to the flow across the sample. In turn, the measured rates of heat loss of the sample are characteristic of the flow and the sample.
摘要翻译： 风洞中的样品从风洞外部的热能源辐射。 也位于风洞外部的热像仪系统将样品中的表面辐射作为时间的函数读取。 所产生的热图像是从样品传递到穿过样品的流的热的特征。 反过来，样品的测量热损失率是流量和样品的特征。
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4.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07934424B2
公开(公告)日：2011-05-03
申请号：US11782229
申请日：2007-07-24
申请人： Mark J. McKenna , Joseph S. Heyman
发明人： Mark J. McKenna , Joseph S. Heyman
IPC分类号： G01N29/07
CPC分类号： G01N29/07 , G01H5/00 , G01N29/346 , G01N2291/02491 , G01N2291/02827
摘要： A material characteristic measurement approach measures an internal state of a material by measuring the nonlinear shift in velocity induced by different acoustic energies. The technology for implementing this measurement approach is relatively simple, robust, permits portable measurements, does not require that an unloaded initial condition of the material be measured or otherwise known in order to determine a characteristic of the material, can be applied using one or more transducers, and does not require physical contact with the material. Some example material characteristics include a residual stress existing without any external mechanical force applied, applied stress, a fatigue state, age, an interference-fit fastener stress, bio-activity, a nanostructure mixture of the material, a heat treatment of the material, a cross-linking of polymers in the material, a bio-growth organization of the material, a clotting factor of blood or blood-like material, a cure of an adhesive or sealant material, or the microstructure of the material.
摘要翻译： 材料特性测量方法通过测量由不同声能引起的速度的非线性偏移来测量材料的内部状态。 用于实施该测量方法的技术相对简单，稳健，允许便携式测量，不要求材料的未加载初始条件被测量或以其他方式被知道以便确定材料的特性，可以使用一个或多个 传感器，并且不需要与材料的物理接触。 一些示例性材料特征包括存在没有施加任何外部机械力的残余应力，施加的应力，疲劳状态，年龄，干涉配合紧固件应力，生物活性，材料的纳米结构混合物，材料的热处理， 材料中聚合物的交联，材料的生物生长组织，血液或血液样物质的凝血因子，粘合剂或密封剂材料的固化或材料的微观结构。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5637799A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-10
申请号：US571687
申请日：1995-12-13
申请人： Joseph S. Heyman , Nurul Abedin , Kuen J. Sun
发明人： Joseph S. Heyman , Nurul Abedin , Kuen J. Sun
CPC分类号： G01N29/50 , G01N29/07 , G01N29/11 , G01N29/28 , G01N2291/011 , G01N2291/015 , G01N2291/0231 , G01N2291/102
摘要： A multilayer object having multiple layers arranged in a stacking direction is evaluated for imperfections such as voids, delaminations and microcracks. First, an acoustic wave is transmitted into the object in the stacking direction via an appropriate transducer/waveguide combination. The wave propagates through the multilayer object and is received by another transducer/waveguide combination preferably located on the same surface as the transmitting combination. The received acoustic wave is correlated with the presence or absence of imperfections by, e.g., generating pulse echo signals indicative of the received acoustic wave, wherein the successive signals form distinct groups over time. The respective peak amplitudes of each group are sampled and curve fit to an exponential curve, wherein a substantial fit of approximately 80-90% indicates an absence of imperfections and a significant deviation indicates the presence of imperfections. Alternatively, the time interval between distinct groups can be measured, wherein equal intervals indicate the absence of imperfections and unequal intervals indicate the presence of imperfections.
摘要翻译： 对层叠方向排列多层的多层物体进行评价，例如空隙，脱层和微裂纹等缺陷。 首先，声波通过适当的换能器/波导组合在层叠方向上被传送到物体中。 波传播通过多层物体，并被另一个传感器/波导组合接收，优选地位于与传输组合相同的表面上。 所接收的声波通过例如产生表示接收到的声波的脉冲回波信号与存在或不存在缺陷相关联，其中连续信号随时间形成不同的组。 对各组的峰值振幅进行采样，并将曲线拟合到指数曲线上，其中大约80-90％的基本拟合表示不存在缺陷，显着的偏差表明存在缺陷。 或者，可以测量不同组之间的时间间隔，其中等间隔表示不存在缺陷，不等间隔表示存在缺陷。
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公开(公告)号：US4843346A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-27
申请号：US203177
申请日：1988-06-07
摘要： A radio frequency strain monitor includes a voltage controlled oscillator for generating an oscillating signal that is input into a propagation path. The propagation path is preferably bonded to the surface of a structure to be monitored and produces a propagated signal. A phase difference between the oscillating and propagated signals is detected and maintained at a substantially constant value which is preferably a multiple of 90.degree. by changing the frequency of the oscillating signal. Any change in frequency of the oscillating signal provides an indication of strain in the structure to which the propagation path is bonded.
摘要翻译： 无线电频率应变监测器包括用于产生输入到传播路径中的振荡信号的压控振荡器。 传播路径优选地结合到要监视的结构的表面并产生传播信号。 通过改变振荡信号的频率，检测振荡和传播信号之间的相位差并将其维持在基本上恒定的值，其优选为90°的倍数。 振荡信号的频率的任何变化提供传播路径被结合到的结构中的应变指示。
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公开(公告)号：US4310906A
公开(公告)日：1982-01-12
申请号：US106136
申请日：1979-12-21
申请人： John H. Cantrell, Jr. , Joseph S. Heyman , William T. Yost , Michael A. Torbett , Mack A. Breazeale
发明人： John H. Cantrell, Jr. , Joseph S. Heyman , William T. Yost , Michael A. Torbett , Mack A. Breazeale
CPC分类号： G01S1/72
摘要： A broadband megahertz range electrostatic acoustic transducer for use in a liquid environment. A liquid-tight enclosure 11 which includes a metallic conducting membrane 18 as part of its outside surface has a means 19 inside the liquid-tight enclosure for applying a tension to the membrane and for mounting an electrode 23 such that the flat end of the electrode is approximately parallel to the membrane. The invention includes structure and a method for ensuring that the membrane 18 and the flat end of the electrode 23 are exactly parallel and a fixed predetermined distance from each other.
摘要翻译： 用于液体环境的宽带兆赫范围静音换能器。 包括作为其外表面的一部分的金属导电膜18的液密封壳体11具有在液密封壳体内部的装置19，用于向膜施加张力并用于安装电极23，使得电极的平坦端 大致平行于膜。 本发明包括用于确保膜18和电极23的平坦端精确平行并且彼此具有固定的预定距离的结构和方法。
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公开(公告)号：US07404671B2
公开(公告)日：2008-07-29
申请号：US11372628
申请日：2006-03-09
IPC分类号： G01K11/22
摘要： Acoustic temperature measurement at a remote location is provided. An acoustic source transmits acoustic radiation to an acoustic receiver along an acoustic path. The path passes through or near the remote location. The temperature is non-uniform along the path. A change in an integrated acoustic delay between the source and receiver along the path is measured. This acoustic delay can be either a phase velocity delay or a group velocity delay. The temperature at the remote location is determined by relating the measured change in integrated acoustic delay to the remote location temperature with a combined thermal-acoustic model. The combined model relates temperature to acoustic propagation velocity along the path. The combined model preferably includes temperatures of the source and receiver locations, and a heat source geometry at the remote location.
摘要翻译： 提供远程位置的声温测量。 声源将声辐射沿着声学路径传送到声学接收器。 路径通过或靠近远程位置。 温度沿路径不均匀。 测量沿着路径的源和接收器之间的集成声学延迟的变化。 该声学延迟可以是相速度延迟或组速度延迟。 通过将测量的整体声学延迟的变化与远程位置温度的组合热声模型相关联来确定远程位置处的温度。 组合模型将温度与沿路径的声传播速度相关联。 组合模型优选地包括源和接收器位置的温度，以及远程位置处的热源几何形状。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5969253A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-19
申请号：US872492
申请日：1997-06-09
申请人： Joseph S. Heyman , Md. Nurul Abedin , Kuen J. Sun
发明人： Joseph S. Heyman , Md. Nurul Abedin , Kuen J. Sun
CPC分类号： G01N29/50 , G01N29/07 , G01N29/11 , G01N29/28 , G01N2291/011 , G01N2291/015 , G01N2291/0231 , G01N2291/102
摘要： A multilayer object having multiple layers arranged in a stacking direction is evaluated for imperfections such as voids, delaminations and microcracks. First, an acoustic wave is transmitted into the object in the stacking direction via an appropriate transducer/waveguide combination. The wave propagates through the multilayer object and is received by another transducer/waveguide combination preferably located on the same surface as the transmitting combination. The received acoustic wave is correlated with the presence or absence of imperfections by, e.g., generating pulse echo signals indicative of the received acoustic wave, wherein the successive signals form distinct groups over time. The respective peak amplitudes of each group are sampled and curve fit to an exponential curve, wherein a substantial fit of approximately 80-90% indicates an absence of imperfections and a significant deviation indicates the presence of imperfections. Alternatively, the time interval between distinct groups can be measured, wherein equal intervals indicate the absence of imperfections and unequal intervals indicate the presence of imperfections.
摘要翻译： 对层叠方向排列多层的多层物体进行评价，例如空隙，脱层和微裂纹等缺陷。 首先，声波通过适当的换能器/波导组合在层叠方向上被传送到物体中。 波传播通过多层物体，并被另一个传感器/波导组合接收，优选地位于与传输组合相同的表面上。 所接收的声波通过例如产生表示接收到的声波的脉冲回波信号与存在或不存在缺陷相关联，其中连续信号随时间形成不同的组。 对各组的峰值振幅进行采样，并将曲线拟合到指数曲线上，其中大约80-90％的基本拟合表示不存在缺陷，显着的偏差表明存在缺陷。 或者，可以测量不同组之间的时间间隔，其中等间隔表示不存在缺陷，不等间隔表示存在缺陷。
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公开(公告)号：US5493511A
公开(公告)日：1996-02-20
申请号：US988084
申请日：1992-12-08
CPC分类号： B06B1/045 , G01H11/02 , G01N29/12 , G01N29/2412 , G01N2203/0062 , G01N2291/014 , G01N2291/0237 , G01N2291/0258 , G01N2291/0427 , G01N2291/105
摘要： A device and method are provided which non-destructively detect crack length and crack geometry in thin metallic plates. A non-contacting vibration apparatus produces resonant vibrations without introducing extraneous noise. Resulting resonant vibration shifts in cracked plates are correlated to known crack length in plates with similar resonant vibration shifts. In addition, acoustic emissions of cracks at resonance frequencies are correlated to acoustic emissions from known crack geometries.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种非破坏性地检测薄金属板中的裂纹长度和裂缝几何形状的装置和方法。 非接触式振动装置产生共振振动而不引入外来噪声。 裂纹板中产生的共振振动偏移与具有类似共振振动位移的板中已知的裂纹长度相关。 此外，谐振频率处的裂纹的声发射与已知裂纹几何形状的声发射相关。
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