摘要:
An optical modulator includes: a substrate made of a material having an electro-optical effect; an optical waveguide formed on the substrate; and a modulation electrode for modulating an optical wave propagating through the optical waveguide, wherein emitted light emitted from the optical waveguide is guided by optical fiber, and polarization of the substrate is reversed in a predetermined pattern along the optical waveguide so as to provide waveform distortion having a characteristic opposite to a wavelength dispersion characteristic of the optical fiber.
摘要:
An optical control element having a substrate 1 having an electro-optic effect, an optical waveguide 2 formed on the substrate, and a control electrode 3 that is provided on the substrate and controls the phase of light that propagates through the optical waveguide, in which the control electrode 3 has a plurality of resonant-type electrodes 31 and 32 that are disposed along the optical waveguide 2 and have different resonance frequencies (f1 and f2), an feeder electrode 30 through which control signals are input and branched signal electrodes that are branched from the feeder electrode are connected to the respective resonant-type electrodes, and the branched signal electrode is configured to match a timing at which the electric control signal is applied to each of the resonant-type electrodes and a timing at which the light that propagates through the optical waveguide passes at the section of each of the resonant-type electrodes.
摘要:
Provided is a light control element wherein stable operation at low driving voltage is possible. A light control element comprises a substrate (1) having an electro-optic effect, a plurality of optical waveguides (2) formed on said substrate (1), and a control electrode (3) which is formed on said substrate and controls the phase of the light that propagates through the optical waveguides (2), wherein the control electrode is provided with at least two resonance type electrodes (31, 32) having the same resonant frequencies, and power supply electrodes (41, 42) which supply a control signal to each resonance type electrode (31, 32); and the shape and forming position of each resonance type electrode (31, 32), and the supply position to each resonance type electrode (31, 32) according to the power supply electrode (41, 42) are set so as to allow odd mode coupling with respect to each other; and a control signal having the same phase or a prescribed phase difference is supplied to each resonance type electrode (31, 32) by the power supply electrode (41, 42).
摘要:
An optical control element having a substrate 1 having an electro-optic effect, an optical waveguide 2 formed on the substrate, and a control electrode 3 that is provided on the substrate and controls the phase of light that propagates through the optical waveguide, in which the control electrode 3 has a plurality of resonant-type electrodes 31 and 32 that are disposed along the optical waveguide 2 and have different resonance frequencies (f1 and f2), an feeder electrode 30 through which control signals are input and branched signal electrodes that are branched from the feeder electrode are connected to the respective resonant-type electrodes, and the branched signal electrode is configured to match a timing at which the electric control signal is applied to each of the resonant-type electrodes and a timing at which the light that propagates through the optical waveguide passes at the section of each of the resonant-type electrodes.
摘要:
Provided is a light control element wherein stable operation at low driving voltage is possible. A light control element comprises a substrate (1) having an electro-optic effect, a plurality of optical waveguides (2) formed on said substrate (1), and a control electrode (3) which is formed on said substrate and controls the phase of the light that propagates through the optical waveguides (2), wherein the control electrode is provided with at least two resonance type electrodes (31, 32) having the same resonant frequencies, and power supply electrodes (41, 42) which supply a control signal to each resonance type electrode (31, 32); and the shape and forming position of each resonance type electrode (31, 32), and the supply position to each resonance type electrode (31, 32) according to the power supply electrode (41, 42) are set so as to allow odd mode coupling with respect to each other; and a control signal having the same phase or a prescribed phase difference is supplied to each resonance type electrode (31, 32) by the power supply electrode (41, 42).
摘要:
The present invention relates to a station side device having a plurality of PON lines and connected thereto. A fallback mode where a partial access control unit is not allowed to communicate communication frames is performed by switching an upper switch and a lower switch in the manner shown in the following (a) and (b): (a) output destinations of downstream frames to the first and second PON lines and inputted to the upper switch are aggregated into a first access control unit, and output destinations of the downstream frames inputted from the first access control unit to the lower switch are distributed to first and second optical transmitting and receiving units and; and (b) output destinations of upstream frames inputted from the first and second optical transmitting and receiving units and to the lower switch are aggregated into the first access control unit.
摘要:
According to one embodiment, an ink jet recording apparatus includes an ink jet head, a first tank arranged above the ink jet head and configured to store ink to be supplied to the ink jet head, a first tank valve that opens and closes in order to switch the inside of the first tank to be opened to or shut off from the atmosphere, a second tank arranged below the ink jet head and configured to store the ink collected from the ink jet head, a second tank valve that opens and closes in order to switch the inside of the second tank to be opened to or shut off from the atmosphere, a pipe configured to connect the ink jet head, the first tank, and the second tank and form a part of a circulation shape, a pump provided in the pipe between the first tank and the second tank, a passive pressure adjusting device connected to the second tank, arranged below the first tank, and configured to generate negative pressure using the gravity, and a third tank valve provided between the second tank and the passive pressure adjusting device.
摘要:
In order to provide an image forming apparatus capable of maintaining the image quality by making smooth flowability of a surplus developer, which is discharged according to supply of a new developer (toner and carrier), toward a collection box, there are provided a stirring screw that electrify toner by stirring the toner together with a carrier; a casing that supports the stirring screw and stores a developer in which the toner and the carrier are mixed; a inlet used to supply the developer to the casing; a guide that guides the surplus developer discharged from the casing downward; and a reciprocating member that moves on a flow surface of the guide along which the surplus developer flows.
摘要:
According to an embodiment, a developing device, comprising: a developing unit configured to store an initial two-component developer including an initial toner containing silica externally added and a carrier and to form a toner image on an image bearing member with the two-component developer; a discharging section configured to discharge a part of the initial developer from the developing unit; and a developer supplying unit configured to supply a supply developer including a supply toner containing silica externally added and the carrier to the developing unit, the amount of silica added to the supply toner being smaller than the amount of silica added to the initial toner.
摘要:
This invention relates to a method of forming multilayer coating film of excellent appearance by 3-coat-1-bake system, comprising successively applying onto a coating object, a water-based intermediate paint, water-based base paint and a clear paint; and then simultaneously heat-curing the resulting 3-layered coating film.